Volume 12 | Issue 11 |

 Abstract

The study examines the manifestation of structural patriarchy in Maya Sharma's Loving Women: Being Lesbian in Unprivileged India, focusing on the lived experiences of lesbian women from rural, economically marginalized backgrounds in India. Through an intersectional framework, this analysis interrogates the multidimensional oppression these women face at the nexus of gender, sexuality, and class. Sharma's narratives illuminate the pervasive influence of structural patriarchy on their lives, exposing how economic dependence, familial control, and social marginalization sustain patriarchal dominance. The study further highlights the ways in which these women navigate and resist societal constraints, including limited economic opportunities, coerced heteronormative relationships, and entrenched social stigmas. Acts of agency and resistance, such as the establishment of support networks and the assertion of non-normative identities, underscore their resilience in the face of systemic marginalization. This research contributes to feminist and queer discourse by foregrounding the underrepresented experiences of rural, working-class lesbian women, advocating for an expanded, intersectional approach to feminist inquiry and policy development in India.

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 Keywords

Structural patriarchy, lesbian identities, intersectionality, Maya Sharma, Loving Women, rural India, economic marginalization, feminist theory, queer studies, resistance and agency

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Higher education in India aims to maximize the country's human resources while promoting equity and inclusion. In recent decades, the higher education sector has experienced significant growth in terms of institutional capacity, enrollment, and teacher-student ratio. This abstract provides an overview of India's higher education system, emphasizing its existing structure, fundamental difficulties, and major challenges. India's higher education landscape includes a variety of institutions such as universities, colleges, and specialized institutes. Despite significant success in increasing access and enrollment, the industry still confronts severe hurdles. These include issues of quality and equity, such as gaps in educational access between socioeconomic groups, geographical imbalances, and institutional quality differences. Furthermore, the higher education system has inadequate facilities, insufficient money, and a need for increased emphasis on research and innovation. The abstract sheds light on these essential issues, providing insights into the intricacies and areas that require reform within India's higher education environment.

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Challenges, Colleges, Higher education, Socioeconomic, Universities.

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Teaching is a noble profession, but it is not without its challenges. In the bustling setting of Indian education, secondary school teachers play a crucial role in shaping the future of the nation. However, they often find themselves facing a excess of occupational stressors that can significantly impact their teaching effectiveness. This research article aims to explore the intricate relationship between occupational stress and teaching effectiveness among secondary school teachers. The research employed a descriptive survey method, with the study population consisting of secondary school teachers. The sample was composed of 100 secondary school teachers working in schools located in Bangalore Metro City, Karnataka. The sample was selected using a simple random sampling technique. To gather data, the researcher utilized specific research tools: the Teacher Effectiveness Scale (2006), which was developed and standardized by Umme Kulsum, to assess the teachers' teaching effectiveness, and the Teacher's Stress Scale (TSS) developed by K.S. Misra to identify teachers experiencing occupational stress. These two instruments were distributed to 100 teachers for data collection. Hypotheses were tested using Karl Pearson's Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation. The collected data was analyzed through correlation and 'F' test analyses, with the level of significance set at a confidence level of 0.05.

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 Keywords

Occupational Stress, Teaching, Effectiveness, Secondary, School Teachers.

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 Abstract

The paper presents a study on the institutionalization of an anti-drug support program of the local government towards the effective reintegration and rehabilitation of drug dependents in Valenzuela City. This study seeks to address the addiction crisis that has long been a challenge for many communities in the Philippines. The research focuses on the development of the anti-drug support program, which aims to provide comprehensive rehabilitation and reintegration support to drug dependents. The paper discusses the importance of institutionalizing the program to ensure its continuity and sustainability over time. The study proposes that the program is integrated into the city's health system so that it becomes a regular part of the city's health services. This institutionalization ensures that the program will continue regardless of any changes within the local government. The research also explores the challenges in implementing the program and provides recommendations for overcoming them. These challenges include limited resources, cultural barriers, and stigma surrounding drug dependence. Strategies for overcoming these barriers include partnership development with the private sector, community engagement, and advocacy efforts to reduce the stigma surrounding drug dependence. The study highlighted the importance of a holistic approach to addiction that includes prevention, intervention, and recovery. Through the institutionalization of the anti-drug support program, the local government of Valenzuela City can address the drug dependence crisis in a comprehensive and sustainable way. By overcoming challenges in implementation, and building partnerships and community engagement, the program will have a lasting impact on the successful reintegration and rehabilitation of drug dependents in the city.

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 Keywords

Anti-Drug Support Program, Drug Addiction, Drug Dependence, Effectiveness, Institutionalization, Rehabilitation, Reintegration, Valenzuela City.

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Datura metel, an herbaceous perennial widely distributed in tropical countries, has a rich history of traditional uses in ethnomedicine with diverse chemical compounds. Recognized for its medicinal properties, it has been traditionally utilized as a hallucinogenic, narcotic, anti-tussive, antispasmodic, bronchodilator, and anti-asthmatic agent. Its applications extend to addressing various conditions such as epilepsy, diarrhea, hysteria, skin diseases, rheumatic pains, painful menstruation, hemorrhoids, wounds, burns, and skin ulcers. In Ayurveda, D. metel is acknowledged as an astringent, bitter, germicide, acrid, anti-phlogistic, anodyne, narcotic, antiseptic, and sedative medicinal plant, playing a significant role in traditional medicine. The review emphasis traditional uses, chemical composition, and diverse medicinal applications of D. metel, providing valuable insights into its potential pharmacological relevance.

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Datura metel, phytochemicals, Traditional medicines, pharmacological activities

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Caste-based discrimination, a deeply rooted social issue in India, continues to persist despite constitutional guarantees and legal protections. This research paper examines the multifaceted nature of caste-based discrimination, exploring its historical origins, contemporary manifestations, and the impact on marginalized communities. It delves into the systemic barriers that perpetuate caste-based inequalities, such as discriminatory practices in education, employment, and social interactions. The paper also analyzes the role of government policies, social movements, and legal interventions in addressing caste-based discrimination. By critically examining these issues, this research aims to contribute to ongoing efforts to dismantle caste-based hierarchies and promote social justice in India.

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 Keywords

caste-based discrimination, caste system, social inequality, marginalized communities, Dalit, Adivasi, OBC, human rights, social justice, discrimination, prejudice, stigma, government policy, affirmative action, social movements, legal framework, India.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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 Keywords

shadow economy, informal economy, black economy, India, tax evasion, economic growth, policy interventions.

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Ardhavabhedaka is one among the 11 types of Shiro-Roga described by Acharya Sushruta. It can be correlated with migraine in modern science because of the similarities in their key features such as half-sided headache, and paroxysmal nature. Migraine is the second most common primary headache disorder in terms of prevalence but ranks first in term of disability. Because of its increasing prevalence, significant impact on physical, social, and psychological levels, unsatisfactory treatment, drugs side effects, and disease recurrences, the present study was designed to find a better solution through Ayurveda. Objectives: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of Nripvallabha Ghrita Nasya and Jalaukavacharana along with Pathyadi Ghana Vati in Ardhavabhedaka (Migraine). Material and methods: 66 randomly selected patients of Ardhavabhedaka were divided into two groups. Group A was treated with Nripvallabha Ghrita Nasya and Pathyadi Ghana Vati orally and Group B was treated with Jalaukavacharana (Leech therapy) along with oral intake of Pathyadi Ghana Vati. Results: Results of 60 patients who completed the trial, with 30 patients in each group, showed statistically significant results in the assessment parameters of Ardhavabhedaka (Migraine). However, intergroup comparison of the therapies showed statistically not significant results. During the follow-up study, recurrence of headache was observed in some patients, but the frequency, duration, and intensity of the headache were considerably reduced. Conclusion: Hence, Nripvallabha Ghrita Nasya, Jalaukavacharana and Pathyadi Ghana Vati may prove beneficial in the management of Ardhavabhedaka or Migraine, if they are used with proper Pathya-Apathya sevana.

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Ardhavabhedaka, Migraine, Jalaukavacharana, Nasya, Pathyadi Ghana Vati

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Sports diplomacy has emerged as a powerful tool in international relations, fostering goodwill, cultural exchange, and peaceful cooperation between nations. This paper examines how sports diplomacy, combined with the principles and practices of physical education, can create a foundation for sustainable diplomatic engagement. It analyses the role of sports in bridging cultural and political divides, discusses case studies where sports events have been used as diplomatic platforms, and explores how integrating physical education can further enhance these efforts. By promoting physical education alongside sports diplomacy, nations can build stronger international relationships, foster a culture of mutual understanding, and address pressing social issues through a shared commitment to health and fitness.

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 Keywords

Sports Diplomacy, Physical Education, Peace-building, Soft Power, Global Citizenship, Cultural Exchange, Inclusivity in Sports, Conflict Resolution, International Cooperation, Sports and Politics

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

English is a widely spoken language today. It has often been referred to a 'global language', the lingua franca of the modern era and currently the language most often taught as a second language around the world. With the information technology revolution and most software and operating systems being developed in the English language has emerged. English is said to be the world's most important language having communicative and educative value. English is used all over the world not out of any imposition but because of the realization that it has certain advantages.

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 Keywords

Sheltered Instruction, English language proficiency, Academic Progress.

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