Volume 13 | Issue 11 |

 Abstract

Lung cancer is still the top cause of cancer-related deaths. Getting a diagnosis early and having a precise prognosis are vital for boosting survival rates among patients. This paper puts forward an innovative Hybrid Quantum Classical (HQC) Framework aimed at improving lung cancer detection and outcome predictions. The framework takes advantage of multimodal imaging data specifically, it taps into integrated features (radiomics) from Computed Tomography (CT), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to provide a well-rounded view of tumor diversity. We also introduce a Quantum Machine Learning (QML) element, using a Variational Quantum Classifier (VQC), to enhance the way features are mapped to outcomes. The HQC method tackles the computational challenges and restrictions of traditional deep learning when handling large, high-dimensional radiomics data, showing better performance in terms of both diagnostic accuracy (classifying malignant nodules) and predicting prognosis (patient survival).

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 Keywords

Hybrid Quantum Classical, Positron Emission Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Lung cancer, Field-programmable gate arrays, Quantum Machine Learning

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Transdermal drug delivery systems are gaining significant attention as an effective alternative to conventional oral supplements, particularly in sports nutrition, where users seek non-invasive and sustained-release solutions. This review highlights the development and evaluation of an innovative herbal transdermal pre-workout patch designed to enhance both physical endurance and mental alertness. The formulation integrates a synergistic blend of natural bioactive--caffeine for energy and focus, Ashwagandha for endurance and stress regulation, ginger for thermogenesis and anti-inflammatory support, and zinc for hormonal and immune balance. These actives are incorporated within a polymeric matrix that ensures structural integrity and controlled release over time. Functional excipients, including glycerine, oleic acid, and a water-ethanol solvent system, are used to improve skin permeability and biocompatibility, promoting steady transdermal absorption into systemic circulation to match pre-exercise physiological needs. Current advancements emphasize the combination of herbal pharmacology with innovative delivery technologies to meet consumer demands for clean-label, personalized, and multifunctional wellness products. Despite their promise, such systems face challenges related to large-scale clinical validation, long-term safety assessment, and regulatory harmonization across global markets. This review underscores the importance of comprehensive physicochemical and pharmacodynamic evaluation to ensure efficacy and safety. Looking ahead, smart transdermal systems incorporating wearable technology, biosensors, and adaptive dosing strategies represent the next frontier in personalized supplementation, potentially transforming pre-workout nutrition and performance enhancement.

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 Keywords

Transdermal patch, herbal pre-workout, caffeine, Ashwagandha, ginger, zinc acetate, HPMC, PVA, oleic acid, ethanol-water, sustained release, drug delivery system.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The field of orthodontics is undergoing a paradigm shift with the convergence of materials science, biomechanics, and digital innovation. The development of "smart" and "biodegradable" archwires represents a major advancement toward efficient, patient-friendly, and sustainable orthodontic care. Smart archwires utilize adaptive force systems and sensor-assisted designs to deliver precise, biologically compatible forces that respond dynamically to the tooth movement process. Meanwhile, biodegradable metallic systems introduce eco-friendly, biocompatible alternatives that gradually resorb after completing their mechanical function, minimizing both environmental and clinical intervention concerns.This review highlights the principles of smart archwire mechanics, the emergence of biodegradable metallic systems, and their combined potential to enhance treatment precision, patient comfort, and overall clinical predictability. Furthermore, it discusses the implications of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) and digital monitoring into these materials, enabling data-driven orthodontic management and real-time adjustments. Current research trends, material design strategies, challenges in implementation, and future prospects for merging smart and biodegradable technologies are also analyzed, emphasizing their transformative potential in next-generation orthodontic biomaterials.

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Smart archwires; Biodegradable materials; Shape-memory alloys; Artificial intelligence; Orthodontic biomaterials; Patient comfort; Sustainable dentistry

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Ayurveda, one of the world's oldest medical sciences, originated from the Atharva Veda and is deeply rooted in the natural laws of life and health. It emphasizes balance between body, mind, and nature. Among its eight branches, Rasayana is the specially focused on rejuvenation, longevity, and overall well-being. Rasayana therapy aims to nourish and revitalize the body, slow down aging, and strengthen immunity. It enhances the quality of Rasa (the body's vital fluid), which supports all tissues and promotes vitality. Regular use of Rasayana helps in maintaining youthfulness, improving memory, intelligence, strength, complexion, and resistance to diseases. Rather than being just a medicine, Rasayana is a comprehensive lifestyle practice involving diet, herbal formulations, and ethical conduct (Achara Rasayana). Modern studies show that Rasayana herbs act as antioxidants, reducing oxidative stress and preventing cell damage. Some well-known Rasayana formulations include Chyawanprash, Triphala, and Brahma Rasayana, and herbs like Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), Amla (Emblica officinalis), and Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum). These have proven benefits in enhancing immunity, promoting mental clarity, and supporting healthy aging. In essence, Rasayana represents the Ayurvedic approach to living long, staying healthy, and aging gracefully through balance, nourishment, and harmony with nature.

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A LITERARY REVIEW ON RASAYANA

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Abstract Gandhiji discussed various social aspects of the development of society. We can observe in his discussion about roots problems of every individual. Roots problems are egoistic matter. The roots of the problems may also be traced in the ways and the methods that the parents and teachers adopt for socializing children and making them learn in their infancy and childhood. Gandhiji, trying to reduce harmful thinking and activity, because he understood for development of the society or nation remove these kinds of thinking very important. He always focused on the non-violence thinking and he also try to introduce these principle in everybody mind. Society can abandon all kinds of harmful activities and move towards progress. Gandhi focuses on education for improved humanity and society and tried to remove illiteracy and ignorance in the society for better social progress. He thinks education makes the development of every individual mind and body. So education is most vital for any society.

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 Keywords

Ego, Desire, Society, Roots, Child, Education, School, and Knowledge

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The sugar industry in India plays a crucial role in the agricultural economy. It contributes significantly to jobs, rural development, and export earnings. This study looks at the growth of the Indian sugar sector from 2014-15 to 2023-24. It focuses on important indicators like the distribution of sugar mills, installed capacity, production and consumption trends, average sugar recovery rates, and cane crushing volumes. Using secondary data from official sources such as the Directorate of Sugar and the Indian Sugar Mills Association, the analysis shows strong growth in production capacity and output. This growth is supported by helpful government policies and increased sugarcane farming. However, challenges remain. These include fluctuating recovery rates, uneven distribution of mills across regions, and imbalances between supply and demand. Descriptive and analytical methods, backed by SPSS for statistical insights, reveal a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of about 4.5% in sugar production, while consumption grows at a CAGR of 3.5%. The findings highlight the sector's resilience despite climate changes and policy shifts. They recommend better technology for higher recovery and sustainable practices. This decade-long perspective offers useful insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers to encourage balanced growth and reduce vulnerabilities in the sugar value chain.

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Sugar Industry, Growth Trajectory, Production and Consumption Trends.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In today's digital world, a single tap can instantly transmit ideas across borders, transforming every individual into a global broadcaster. The constitutional spirit that originated with the Magna Carta aimed at restraining power faces new challenges in the online realm of Meta, X, and social feeds that continually update. While digital platforms have empowered billions to speak out, connect, and take action, they have also facilitated the spread of harmful content, misinformation, and privacy breaches. India's experience mirrors this global dilemma: Article 19(1)(a) of the Indian Constitution guarantees the right to free speech, yet historical lessons remind us, through Article 19(2), that speech must have limits to protect individuals' dignity, public order, and societal diversity. Laws such as the Information Technology Act, 2000, and the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023, help uphold these freedoms by removing harmful content and protecting privacy, while updated criminal laws impose consequences for serious digital offences. This paper examines the fragile balance between freedom and responsibility within India's digital environment. It asserts that for democracy to succeed in the age of social media, laws must evolve alongside technology. Genuine freedom is not unlimited speech but expression guided by constitutional values and modern realities. By learning from history and implementing thoughtful regulation, society can foster digital conversations that unite rather than divide, ensuring personal rights are protected amid the chaos of online discourse.

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Freedom of Speech, Constitutionalism, Indian Constitution, Digital Regulation, IT Act, Data Protection, Online Restrictions, Democracy, Privacy.

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BACKGROUND PURPOSE: Hamstring (HS) muscle injuries are the most common injury in sports. They are correlated to long rehabilitations and have a great tendency to recur. Hamstring muscle injury is a complex injury that probably involves more than one etiological factor. Evaluation and rehabilitation of hamstring muscle injuries should include strength and flexibility assessment. Powerful movement such as sharp pain in the thigh there might also be popping or tearing sensation, swelling and tenderness usually develop within the few hours. Some people have muscles weakness. METHODOLOGY: twenty-five patients with hamstring muscle injury were taken in the study and given treatment. Randomized study before and after comparison without control. Outcome measures are manual muscle grading scale and goniometer. RESULTS: The results in the study reveals that warm-up strengthening, flexibility shown significant improvement in hamstrings injuries whereas warmup strengthening and flexibility showed difference with p value <0.0001 in manual muscle grading scale and p value <0.001 in goniometer (in knee flexion) which is considered as extremely significant. CONCLUSION: This present study concludes 8 weeks of influence of warm-up, strength, flexibility in hamstring muscle injuries showed significant improvement in muscle function and strength in subjects with hamstring injuries.

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Hamstring muscle strain, eccentric contraction, rehabilitation, manual muscle grading scale, goniometer.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The project uploaded will consist of a complete multi-service web-based application organized as a monorepo with the frontend, primary backend, processor, and worker components. The frontend is built with Next.js, TypeScript, and Tailwind CSS that provide interactive interface with which the user can operate. The main backend is built with Express and Prisma and a range of external applications applied to it, including Google API, implicit AI through Gemini, and blockchain connections via Solana Web 3. Redis and Bull are set up in task queues, whereas KafkaJS facilitates inter-service communication among the backend, processor and the worker. Environment setting is handled with the help of.env files containing database URLs, Redis connections, Solana RPC connections, and API credentials. Kafka is used by the processor and worker services to facilitate asynchronous tasks, outbox events processing and email notification via Nodemailer. Every TypeScript setup is strongly typed and the build processes are always represented in packages scripts. In this project, there is modularity, alignment of microservices and distinct separation of dependencies that cross packages. The general design will combine database, AI, blockchain, and queue systems into a unified development setup, always anchored on content taken out of the supplied files.

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Next.js, Express, Prisma, Kafka, Redis, Bull, Solana, Nodemailer, TypeScript Generative AI

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This project presents an AI-based Oral Cancer Detection System designed for early diagnosis using a Raspberry Pi and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The objective is to classify oral images into cancerous, non-cancerous, OPMD, and benign categories for timely detection and treatment. The Raspberry Pi Camera Module captures oral cavity images, which are processed through a trained CNN model for automated classification. The results are displayed on an LED/TFT module for immediate visual output. Experimental evaluation achieved an accuracy of approximately 94%, demonstrating the model's strong capability in distinguishing multiple oral conditions. The proposed system provides a cost-effective, portable, and real-time diagnostic solution, contributing to early detection and prevention of oral cancer and related disorders, ultimately reducing mortality rates through accessible and efficient screening.

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 Keywords

Oral Cancer, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Deep Learning, Image Classification, Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMD), Benign, Non-Cancerous, Raspberry pi, Raspberry pi camera module, Early Detection

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition