Volume 12 | Issue 12 |

 Abstract

Crowd analysis and management research has evolved as an important subject for solving public safety issues, urban planning, and event management. In 1895, Gustave Le Bon published The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind, which marked the beginning of the study of crowds and their behavior [39], and since then several researches have emerged on this topic. Researching crowd behavior is still one of the most fascinating subjects available today. Overcrowding is one of the most serious issues created by a large crowd. Public area overcrowding frequently results in safety risks, ineffective logistics, and diminished personal experiences. Effective systems that are able to track, evaluate, and forecast crowd behavior in real time are required due to the growing frequency and size of gatherings. In dynamic contexts, conventional techniques like static surveillance and manual monitoring have not worked well. Therefore, utilizing developments in neural networks and image processing presents revolutionary opportunities for automated crowd analysis. The most recent approaches and systems that use deep learning and image processing methods for crowd control are examined in this literature survey

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 Keywords

Crowd Analysis, Image Processing, Neural Networks, Overcrowding Detection, Crowd Management.

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In traditional agriculture, seed sowing and related tasks require significant labour, time, and energy. Tractor-based methods often expose operators to harmful noise and vibration. The integration of robotics in agriculture offers a transformative solution by automating repetitive tasks, improving efficiency, and enhancing crop productivity. This paper introduces an autonomous smart agriculture robot designed for seed sowing, leveraging and watering technologies such as Bluetooth, Arduino microcontroller, and sensors to perform precise farming operations. The robot's functionality includes soil moisture sensing, automated seed placement at optimal depths and intervals, and subsequent watering. Its navigation is guided by user input via a smartphone-enabled Bluetooth interface, ensuring cost-effectiveness compared to a GPS-based system. The robot's modular architecture also supports additional capabilities such as ploughing, levelling, and pesticide spraying. With potential future extensions for automated disease detection and adaptive water management, this system exemplifies the role of precision robotics in advancing sustainable and efficient agricultural practices.

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 Keywords

Voice control, Bluetooth, Microcontroller, Sensor, Robotics

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The advent of social media platforms has revolutionized recruitment practices across industries, enabling organizations to attract and engage talent more effectively. This study examines the effectiveness of social media as a recruitment strategy, focusing on its benefits, challenges, and impact on organizational outcomes. By evaluating existing literature, conducting qualitative and quantitative analyses, and offering actionable strategies, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of how businesses can optimize their social recruitment efforts. Key findings highlight the potential for increased candidate reach, cost efficiency, and employer branding, while also addressing challenges such as data privacy concerns and the risk of biased selection. The study concludes with recommendations to maximize the strategic use of social media in recruitment.

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 Keywords

Social Media Recruitment, Recruitment Strategies, Talent Acquisition, Employer Branding, Diversity in Hiring, Recruitment Challenges, Algorithm Bias, Data Privacy in Recruitment, Digital Recruitment, Candidate Engagement.

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Education is a key factor in promoting and sustaining economic growth and technological development. It is a complex social, cultural and ethical process designed in a social or cultural context. Education in its broadest sense is any act or experience that has formative effect on the mind, character or physical ability of an individual and in its technical sense education is the process by which society deliberately transmits its accumulated knowledge, values, skills from one generation to another through institution. Adolescence is a critical phase in life and is the period of growth and development. In the present study, an attempt has been made to understand the level of educational aspirations of adolescents in relation to their home environment. The sample of this study consisted of 200 students selected from SBS Nagar. Home environment scale by Akhtar and Saxena (2013) and educational aspiration test developed by Khan (1999) were administered to collect the data. The results revealed that i) no significant difference in educational aspiration among adolescents with respect to gender ii) significant difference exists between educational aspirations of adolescents with respect to type of school iii) significant difference exists between home environment of adolescent boys and girls iv) significant difference exists between home environment of adolescents with respect to type of school v) educational aspiration is significantly and positively correlated with home environment of adolescents. Adolescence is the time of transition from childhood dependence to early adulthood freedom and responsibility. Educational aspiration is explained as a psychological construct, which reflects a cognitive type of motivation of the individual. Educational aspiration reflects educational goals an individual set for himself/herself. Parental encouragement is the inspiration or extra-boosting given by the parents to the children for their active involvement in academic life. The present study was conducted in Hisar and Fatehabad district of Haryana state. The sample of study included 120 respondents from Hisar and 120 from Fatehabad district, thus total sample comprised of 240 respondents. Educational Aspiration Scale by Sharma and Gupta (2015) was used to assess educational aspiration and Parental Encouragement Scale by Sharma (1997) was used to assess parental encouragement of students. The results of study revealed that majority of respondents belonged to moderate category of educational aspirations and majority of respondents perceived moderate level of parental encouragement. There was significant relationship found between educational aspirations and parental encouragement of high school children.

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 Keywords

Introduction, Educational aspiration meaning, 5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test, Related terms, Review Questions, To help develop educational aspirations in adolescent students, Conclusion etc.

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In an increasingly interconnected world, travel has become more accessible and desirable than ever before. Our online tourist website, "TRAVEL WORLD" aims to be the ultimate companion for modern explorers, offering a seamless platform to plan, book, and experience unforgettable journeys around the globe. In the rapidly-evolving digital landscape, ensuring the best user experience within travel websites is critical to gaining a competitive edge and winning customer satisfaction. This paper discusses how application of the MERN stack-which involves MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, and Node.js-can be made in further improving the User-Experience of travel websites. It goes on to propose a systematic approach toward the integration of these technologies as part of solving some of the common User- Experience challenges, namely, performance, responsiveness, and personalization. Based on various case studies and empirical evaluations, we identify how the MERN stack would ease the backend process, interactivity of the frontend, and architecture for scalability to handle different user demands. Key results provide evidence toward the usage of React.js in developing dynamic and user-oriented interfaces and Node.js toward effective server-side operations. The paper further discusses best practices in MongoDB and Express.js that help ensure the integrity of data and seamless communication between the server and client. Our results have offered actionable insights for developers and businesses desirous to leverage modern web technologies to deliver superior travel website experiences.

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In an increasingly interconnected world, travel has become more accessible and desirable than ever before. Our online tourist website, "TRAVEL WORLD" aims to be the ultimate companion for modern explorers, offering a seamless platform to plan, book, and experience unforgettable journeys around the globe. In the rapidly-evolving digital landscape, ensuring the best user experience within travel websites is critical to gaining a competitive edge and winning customer satisfaction. This pa

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This Research evaluates the effectiveness of various ML techniques applied to early detection of Diabetes through clinical diagnostic data. Algorithms Including Decision Trees and Random Forests, Support Vector Machines (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Naive Bayes, and Logistic Regression were analyzed Evaluated through metrics like accuracy, precision, and recall, F1-score, and computational effectiveness. The dataset includes features like glucose levels, BMI, and blood pressure. Data preparation included addressing missing data, standardizing values, and selecting relevant features. Results indicate that Random Forest and SVM yielded the highest predictive performance, while Logistic Regression offered better model interpretability. The study underscores the trade-offs between accuracy and explainability in model selection for early diabetes detection, with suggestions for future work involving real-time data integration and advanced deep learning methods.

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Diabetes Forecasting, Artificial intelligence, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machines

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ABSTRACT This study explores the pivotal role of the banking sector in advancing sustainability through green finance, ethical investments, and environmentally friendly operational practices. It delves into the motivations behind sustainable banking, its implementation strategies, challenges, and the benefits it brings to society and the global economy. Through a review of existing practices and case studies, and a primary data analysis, the paper highlights how banks can effectively transition toward a sustainable model while addressing financial and environmental concerns.

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Keywords: Carbon-Neutral Banking, Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG Green Bonds, Green Banking, Sustainable Finance

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Immune modulation in drug therapy refers to altering or regulating the immune system's activity to achieve a desired therapeutic effect. It involves enhancing or suppressing the immune response, depending on the condition being treated. In recent years, there has been a tremendous development of biotechnological, pharmacological, and medical techniques which can be implemented in the functional modulation of the immune system components. Immunomodulation has attracted much attention because it offers direct applications in both basic research and clinical therapy. Immune modulation in drug therapy plays a vital role in restoring immune balance by either suppressing, stimulating, or adjusting the immune response to treat diseases such as autoimmune disorders, cancer, and infections.Examples include immunosuppressants for organ transplant patients and immunostimulatory drugs for cancer immunotherapy.The potential targets to modulate immunity are as multiple as the components of the immune system.

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Immune modulation,medical techniques,Therapeutic effect,Immunotheraphy,Immunosuppresants

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Abstract Domestic violence remains a widespread issue, significantly impacting women's physical, psychological, and economic well-being worldwide. This study examines its multifaceted effects among 385 married women in YSR Kadapa district, Andhra Pradesh, India. A stratified random sampling method was employed, ensuring a representative sample of 131 urban and 254 rural respondents. Primary data were collected through self-structured interviews, complemented by secondary data from official reports and academic studies. Statistical tools, including percentage distribution, Spearman's correlation, and chi-square analysis, were utilized. The findings reveal a higher prevalence of domestic violence among rural women and those aged 26-35 years, alongside substantial rural-urban disparities in forms of abuse, education, and occupation. Urban respondents reported greater levels of physical, psychological, verbal, and financial violence, while rural respondents exhibited higher awareness of the Domestic Violence Act, 2005. The study underscores the necessity of targeted interventions addressing sociocultural norms, economic empowerment, and education to mitigate domestic violence and support survivors effectively.

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Domestic violence ,Rural women, Urban women, Comparative Study,economic empowerment ,education ,Violence against women

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This paper explores the intricate themes of identity, diaspora, and gender entrapments in the works of Jhumpa Lahiri, a luminary in contemporary diasporic literature. Lahiri's narratives are deeply rooted in the emotional and psychological struggles of characters navigating the fragmented identities shaped by their cultural and geographic displacements. The study delves into Lahiri's balanced portrayal of diaspora, which simultaneously offers avenues for self-discovery and presents profound challenges of cultural liminality. Further, it highlights the compounded struggles of female characters trapped by the intersection of patriarchal norms and diasporic realities. Through a detailed analysis of works like The Namesake, Unaccustomed Earth, and The Lowland, this paper examines the dualities of entrapment and liberation. By weaving these threads, Lahiri not only critiques rigid societal constructs but also celebrates the resilience of the human spirit in the face of existential crises. This comprehensive study underscores Lahiri's contribution to literature as a profound commentary on modern existence.

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 Keywords

Diaspora, Identity, Gender Entrapment, Patriarchy, Jhumpa Lahiri, Cultural Liminality, Hybrid Identity, Modern Literature

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