Volume 12 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

Butterflies are Arthropods belong to the order Lepidoptera, which is the second largest order of class Insecta. Order Lepidoptera includes approximately 1,50,000 species of moths and butterflies. Though very similar, moths and butterflies do differ from one another superficially. Most butterflies fly during the day, as they prefer the warmth of the sun for basking and feeding, whereas a majority of moths fly after sunset. Butterflies are important organism. They are not only good pollinators but also a good indicator. Butterflies are very sensitive to change in the environment and anthropogenic activities. They are almost worldwide in their distribution except near the poles. Among insects, butterflies are the most beautiful and colorful creature on the earth. Butterflies are very important for pollination as they visit different flowers of nectars feeding. They farm an important part of food chain of birds, reptiles, amphibians, spiders and predatory insects; transforming and transmitting energy from green plants to the animal. The scales present on the external part of the body and appendages, especially the wings. The scales are modified, flattened 'hairs' and give butterflies and moths their wide variety of colour and patterns. The aim of this paper is to review the available literature of butterfly diversity in different forest region of India. Many parameters have been used by authors to designate composition and species richness of different butterfly families. Some parameters such as very common, common, rare, very rare, moderate, evenness index and other ecological statistical have been used. According to this review, it has been noticed that family Nymphalidae found to be most dominant in number of individuals.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Butterfly, diversity, national park, sanctuary, forest, dominance, India, etc

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has revolutionized the field of content creation, giving rise to an era where AI systems generate an increasing amount of digital content from art and music to literature and news articles. While this AI-generated content presents opportunities for innovation and creativity, it also brings to the forefront a host of complex legal and ethical challenges related to copyright protection. This abstract explains the multifaceted challenges of safeguarding copyright for AI-generated content. AI's ability to autonomously produce original works complicates the traditional understanding of copyright ownership and authorship, leading to questions about who should hold the rights to AI-generated creations. Moreover, the abstract delves into the issue of distinguishing AI-generated content from human-generated content, which becomes increasingly challenging. The paper highlights the international legal landscape surrounding AI-generated content, discussing the inadequacy of current copyright laws to address this emerging field. It elaborates the need for new legislation and policy frameworks that can balance the protection of intellectual property with the promotion of innovation and the public interest. Furthermore, the paper addresses the role of technology in protecting copyright, including the use of blockchain and other digital tools to enforce copyright claims. It also discusses emerging practices and standards for clearly labeling AI-generated content, aiding in its differentiation from human-authored works. As AI continues to blur the line between human and machine-generated content, the challenges in protecting copyright for AI-generated content are multifaceted, requiring the collaboration of lawmakers, technologists, and content creators. This abstract provides a comprehensive approach to copyright in the age of AI, one that promotes innovation, safeguards intellectual property, and upholds ethical standards in the digital frontier.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence(AI), Copyright, Intellectual Property, Authorship, Legal System

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Folklore is an important repository of traditional knowledge for most of the communities of North East India. Before the arrival of western education in the region, most of the tribes followed an Oral tradition, and hence, folklore assumed significant importance as an alternate source of literature. Due to the absence of a written script, mediums such as songs, legends, myths, graphic patterns and designs, and artifacts became the transmitters of their tribe's ancient history In recent years, there has been a revival of interest in the region's rich literary heritage. Several poets of North-East India, have chosen as the subject of their poetry, folk stories, songs, legends and myths of their tribes. Priyanka Kakoti observes that "These writers, by moving from the oral to the written, have attempted to give permanence to the fluid narrations of oral literature". The present paper proposes to examine select poems by Temsula Ao to establish that a perfect symphony has been achieved through the harmonization of poetry and folklore in her poems. The paper seeks to identify the similarity between Ao's poems and the folk songs of her tribe. The paper will also discuss the poet's role as a transmitter and preserver of history as she assumes a voice similar to her tribe's ancient storytellers, upon whom rested the task of transmitting their tribe's ancient wisdom from generation to generation. Her poetry, like the ancient songs of her ancestors, serve as repositories of knowledge which teach, move and inspire the readers. The intrinsic identity of her people is thus preserved through her poems.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Poetry, Folklore in literature, Temsula Ao, poetry of North-East India

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research paper presents a novel framework for designing and applying machine learning techniques to assess the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) of students. The aim of this study is to develop a reliable and ethically sound method that leverages diverse data sources to provide a holistic understanding of a student's cognitive abilities. We collected a comprehensive dataset, including standardized IQ test scores, academic performance records, demographic information, and socio-economic factors, ensuring representativeness and mitigating potential biases.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

IQ,Machine Learning,Educational Assessment,Cognitive Abilities,Predictive Modeling

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Drugs are natural or synthetic organic compounds which affects and improving functioning of living body system. They are used in the diagnosis, mitigation, treatment, diseases prevention and relief of discomfort. Decarbazine drug is a chemotherapy medication used in the treatment of melanoma liver cancer, carcinoma of pancreas etc. The discovery and development of the anti-tumor compound cis-platin and its derivatives play an important role in field of medicinal coordination chemistry. Therefore, the biochemical, pharmacological and medicinal studies of drug-metal complexes are very important. Looking at the wide applicability of metal-drug complexes the present work has been designed to thorough study of drug complexes of life essential metals with an anti-cancer drug Decarbazine. The electro analysis of the complex has been done using Polarographic and Amperometric methods and IR spectroscopy for the determination of physicochemical parameters. The probable formula for the complex has been worked out to be 1: 1(metal: drug). Microbial study has been done for knowing it's toxicity against various bacteria and fungi i.e. Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus pumilus, Proteus mirabillis and Escherichia coli. Raper"s paper disk method has been used for determination of antimicrobial activities. Pharmacological activities i.e. in-vitro and in-vivo studies have been done for its possible therapeutic use. Mouse sarcoma cell line 180 and Balb/C mice were used for the anticancer screening of solid complex in-vitro and in-vivo respectively.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Anticancer drug, Co- decarbazine Complex

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This comprehensive journal article explores the evolving landscape of dispute resolution in India, focusing on the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies. It examines the potential benefits and challenges of AI in dispute resolution, considering legal and cultural contexts. The history of AI in India is traced from its inception in the 1960s to its current prominence. The article delves into AI's role in mediation, discussing tools like rule-based reasoning, machine learning, and predictive analytics. The relationship between AI and mediation is analyzed in three dimensions: AI as a subject, a supporting tool, and an influencer of the mediation environment. The report emphasizes the advantages of AI tools in mediation, such as efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and addressing biases. It also highlights key AI tools suited for mediation, including rule-based reasoning, machine learning, and consensus agreements. The challenges of AI integration, such as data privacy concerns and job displacement, are explored. The conclusion underscores the transformative impact of AI on dispute resolution, emphasizing the need for legal professionals to embrace technological advancements to enhance the legal profession.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Dispute resolution, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Legal context, History of AI, Mediation, Rule-based reasoning

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: A certified Dominating set D of a Graph G = (V,D) is a maximal certified dominating set. If V - D is not a certified dominating set G. The maximal certified domination ?mcer(G) of G is the minimum domination set. In this refer we and observe some results. Maximum Dominating set consist maximum number of possible non-touching vertices in the given graph. Maximal Domination Set consist minimum number of possible non-touching vertices which is adjacent with all the edges in the graph. Various types of Graphs, Structure and their properties also have to be discussed. In this paper , we initiate for study of this parameter.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keyword: Domination set, certified domination, maximal certified dominations.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

An innovative image segmentation algorithm that optimally combines deep learning methodologies with traditional techniques. The approach integrates a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for extracting features and customizes the K-means clustering method for pixel classification. By incorporating both spatial and spectral data, this algorithm achieves exceptional segmentation precision while maintaining computational efficiency. Extensive evaluations on diverse benchmark datasets affirm its efficacy across a wide spectrum of applications, spanning from medical image analysis to object recognition. Moreover, the algorithm demonstrates resilience against noise and intricate backgrounds. Specifically designed for real-time applications, it provides a promising solution for image segmentation tasks in resource-constrained environments.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

convolutional neural network (CNN), Fully Convolutional Network (FCN), Visual Geometry Group (VGG)

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Background: Vitamin-A deficiency is a major nutritional problem among under five children in developing and under developed countries. Public and community health sectors launched a number of Vitamin-A prophylaxis programmes to prevent Vitamin-A deficiency diseases. Vitamin-A deficiency is a systemic disease with major effects on eye.1 Vitamin-A Deficiency (VAD) occurs where diets contain insufficient vitamin A for meeting the needs associated with growth and development, physiological functions, and periods of added stress due to illness. Vitamin-A Deficiency (VAD) is a significant public health problem in over 75 countries. Aim and Objective: A study was planned to assess the knowledge of vitamin A deficiency disorder among mothers of under five children and to find out the association between knowledge and selected demographic variable. Material and Method AQuantitative approach and survey design used for this study. Study was conducted on 50 under five childrens mother.The data gathering technique used was by using a structure questionnaire and non-probability convenient sampling technique .Result was: Maximum mothers have adequate knowledge regarding vitamin A deficiency disorder. The mothers who are living in rural community have average knowledge about vitamin A deficiency. The knowledge mean score is 16.92. The't' value is 30.96. The study showed that maximum people aware about the vitamin A dose and having adequate knowledge about vitamin A deficiency disorder.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Assess, Study, Vitamin Deficiency, Under five children.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Big data refers to huge, diverse, and complicated data collections that are challenging to store, analyze,and visualize for use in subsequent operations or outcomes. Big data analytics is the practice of analyzing enormous volumes of data to uncover obscure patterns and hidden relationships.These helpful details for businesses or organizations can assist them get richer, deeper insights and a competitive advantage. This calls for the most accurate analysis and execution of big data applications. Big data has gained recognition as a ground-breaking technical advancement in recent years. However, our knowledge of how organizations convert potential into actual social and economic benefit is still limited or how big data exactly helps organizations. This review examines the big data and its analytics and provides an overview of its characteristics, importance / benefits / opportunities, challenges, advancements, future trends/limitations. We contend that in order for enterprises to effectively utilize big data, they must constantly realign their work processes, organizational structures, and stakeholder interests.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Big data, Big data tools, Challenges, Volume, Variety, Velocity, Veracity, Value, Analytics, Literature review

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition