Volume 13 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

This paper aims to discover and disclose various elements of the constitutional framework of two Asian nations. The study juxtaposes the Indian constitution with that of the constitution of Japan to find similarities and disparities between the two countries. The Constitution is the basic framework for the good and effective governance of a state. Researching and learning about the constitution of a country comparing it with ours helps bring in efficient changes which would contribute to our growth and development. India is a country rich in cultural resources, we are rich in heritage and diversity. The customs, morals and values of the western nations are highly dissimilar to that of ours and so the writers have analysed the constitution of an Asian nation which also entails habits and traditions similar to India. Japan is an Asian nation which is in the north-west pacific ocean. It is an Island country in the eastern part of Asia. It has a strong administration system and has a parliamentary form of government. The constitution of Japan ensures fundamental rights to its citizens and is a constitutionally monarch nation whereas India is purely republic. These are few of the objectives behind the authors electing to ponder Japan's constitution. The authors through this article strive to compile the similar cardinal characteristics and distinct details of the constitution of both the states.

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 Keywords

KEY WORDS : Constitution, Constitutional Monarchy, Republic, Comparative analysis, Japan

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper presents a novel security solution tailored for college campuses by integrating smart number plate recognition with a comprehensive log management system. The system is designed to automatically monitor vehicles entering and leaving campus, ensuring that only authorized vehicles are granted access. By capturing and maintaining detailed records of vehicle movements, it supports security personnel in quickly identifying and responding to any unusual activity. Our approach not only reduces the need for manual monitoring but also enhances the overall efficiency of campus security measures. Through real-world testing and analysis, the study demonstrates that leveraging modern technology can significantly improve the safety and management of campus environments.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Smart Number Plate Recognition, Campus Security, Log Management, Vehicle Monitoring, Access Control, Automated Surveillance, Technology-Driven Security

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Cotton Plant Disease Prediction Mobile Application is designed as a practical solution to address the challenges faced by farmers in diagnosing and managing cotton plant diseases. The project combines mobile technology and machine learning to deliver a convenient, accurate, and cost-effective disease detection system. Users can capture or upload images of their cotton plants through the mobile application, which then processes these images using a pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) and TensorFlow Lite. This deep learning model identifies various diseases, such as leaf blight, bacterial spot, and fungal infections, with high accuracy. The application not only detects diseases but also offers a comprehensive guide to remedies and management strategies tailored to each diagnosis. By providing early detection and actionable solutions, the app minimizes crop damage, reduces dependency on agricultural experts, and saves time for farmers. The project also highlights scalability, with potential extensions to other crops and integration with real-time environmental data like weather and soil conditions. This initiative stands as an excellent example of technology-driven solutions for modern agriculture, fostering sustainable practices and empowering farmers with tools to combat crop diseases effectively and efficiently.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Convolutional neural network (CNN), Cotton Plants, TensorFlow Lite, Machine learning, Deep Learning.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This research article explores the socio-political dimensions of warfare in two of the most iconic ancient epics: Valmiki's Ramayana and Homer's Iliad. By juxtaposing these texts, the study investigates how social hierarchies, political structures, and alliances manifest and evolve during periods of conflict. Both epics depict war as a multi-faceted endeavour involving honour, familial duties, alliances, and moral codes that extend beyond the battlefield. However, despite their unique cultural contexts, ancient India for the Ramayana and ancient Greece for the Iliad, they share resonances in how warfare acts as a catalyst for reevaluating the existing power frameworks, alliances, and the moral obligations of individuals and states. In both epics, kings, nobles, and warriors occupy pivotal positions, and their decisions significantly affect collective fates. The article also investigates the role of divine intervention, religious obligations, and the moral codes that shape military strategies and alliances. Where the Ramayana highlights the dharmic obligations (or moral duties) of individuals and collectives, the Iliad emphasizes the heroic code (time and kleos) and the politics of pride and honour. These parallels and differences provide invaluable insights into how war is conceptualized and operationalized within distinct socio-political frameworks. Drawing on both primary texts, through direct quotations and translations from the original Sanskrit and Ancient Greek, and secondary scholarship, this article methodically examines the respective social hierarchies and political infrastructures that gave birth to these poetic narratives. We further outline how the moral frameworks, deeply rooted in religious or quasi-religious beliefs, guide statesmen and warriors, even as these beliefs are tested or adapted during times of war. Through a synthesis of close textual analysis, theoretical frameworks, and a review of key scholarly discourses, the study demonstrates that warfare in these epics cannot be wholly understood without considering their underlying socio-political and moral landscapes. Consequently, these ancient narratives continue to offer enduring lessons on leadership, ethics, alliance-building, and the complexities of human conflict.

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 Keywords

Ramayana, Iliad, warfare, socio-political structures, moral codes, ancient epics, dharma, kleos, cross-comparative study.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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A ritual is a sequence of activities involving gestures, words and objects, performed in a sequestered place and performed according to set sequence. It is a tradition performed by the community and religious community. Ritual cannot be defined by formalism, traditionalism, invariance, rule-governance, sacral symbolism and performed because each ritual has different way to performed by different people or community. Ritual may be seasonal, hallowing a culturally defined moment of change in climatic cycle on the welcoming of an activity such as planting, harvesting or may be contingent and collective crisis which are performed at birth, puberty, marriage, death etc. religious ritual is the division between purity and pollution. Due to urbanization and westernization, the people had negated the ritual of the community. The development of modern technology, education and the change life style has obligated the communities to adopt the new way of life by ignoring the importance of different rituals. The community's nature, history and rituals should be preserved and documented to protect the identity of the community. A life cycle of ritual hold the culture and tradition of the community and it reflects the value and identity of the community. This papers attempts to study the life cycle rituals of the Poumai Nagas from Manipur and understands how it changes over time.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Regilion, Life Cycle, Birth, Marriage, Death Rituals, etc

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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A query facet is a set of items that explains an underlying aspect of a query. To address the issue of finding query facets which are various groups of words or phrases that clarify and summarize the content covered by a query. In order to solve this problem, we propose a systematic solution refer to as QDMiner, which discovers query facets by aggregating frequent lists contained in top search results. We further analyse the issue of list duplication and discover the better query aspects can be mined by displaying fine-grained similarities among records and penalizing the copied records. And also a method for creating web wrappers to extract data records from web pages. In our approach, we depend mainly on the page related content to be independent of the HTML structure. Therefore the generated wrappers are sturdy and easier to maintain and can be adapted to similar websites to collect and integrate information.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Query Facet, Faceted Search, Web Wrapper Generation, and Web Information Extraction

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Polyherbal formulations are products that incorporate multiple herbal ingredients as active component. The raw materials used in the creation of the polyherbal syrup include coleus leaves, orange peel and cinnamon. These raw materials contain countless properties such as antioxidant activity, antitussive activity, antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory activity and antilipidemic activity. Phytochemical analysis exposed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, phytosterols, fixed oil, alkaloids, terpenoids, volatile oil, phenolic compounds and tannins in the raw materials. To ensure consistency, three 50 ml samples of syrup, prepared by the decoction method, underwent standardization using different evaluation variables. The evaluation criteria include determination of organoleptic parameters, determination of pH, determination of viscosity and establishment of antioxidant property by DPPH assay. This unique blend of herbal ingredients has shown promising results in the effective treatment of various respiratory symptoms. Consequently, a perfect combination of all these ingredients in the form of polyherbal syrup represents a significant advancement in curing various types of ailments including cough and other respiratory conditions.

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Polyherbal syrup, phytochemical analysis, invitro antioxidant

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This research paper introduces a solar-powered inverter designed for a microgrid using fuzzy logic MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking). The inverter, utilizing the EGS002 module, takes in a 12V DC input from a solar power source and generates a 7V AC output. This output is then increased to 220V AC and 500W using different MOSFETs. MPPT plays a crucial role in stabilizing the solar source's output, which can fluctuate. Fuzzy logic is integrated into the MPPT algorithm to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of power conversion. The goal of the project is to tackle the challenges of varying solar power inputs in microgrid systems, presenting a sustainable and effective solution for power production and distribution.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Solar-powered inverter, Variable solar power input, Power conversion efficiency, Renewable energy systems, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT)

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

game specific training, psychomotor training, agility, vital capacity

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

A sewage treatment plant is quite necessary to receive the domestic and commercial waste and removes the materials which pose harm for general public. Its objective is to produce an environmentally-safe fluid waste stream (or treated effluent) and a solid waste (or treated sludge) suitable for disposal or reuse (usually as farm fertilizer). The growing environmental pollution needs for decontaminating waste water result in the study of characterization of waste water, especially domestic sewage. In the past, domestic waste water treatment was mainly confined to organic carbon removal. Recently, increasing pollution in the waste water leads to developing and implementing new treatment techniques to control nitrogen and other priority pollutants. Sewage Treatment Plant is a facility designed to receive the waste from domestic, commercial and industrial sources and to remove materials that damage water quality and compromise public health and safety when discharged into water receiving systems. It includes physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove various contaminants depending on its constituents. Using advanced technology it is now possible to re-use sewage effluent for drinking water. Sewage / waste water treatment consist of different processes which protect the environment & human through cleansing the water pollutant. In history people used difference method of treatment for purification of water which get advance by advancement in technological world.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

SEEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition