Volume 13 | Issue 2 |

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Empowering a Sustainable Future: Public Awareness and Local Initiatives Abstract * Dr. Renu Bala , Assistant Professor C.R. College of Education , Rohtak renubnandal@gmail.com A sustainable future requires a collective effort from individuals, communities, governments, and organizations. Two key drivers in this transformation are public awareness and local initiatives, which play pivotal roles in promoting environmental responsibility, social equity, and economic resilience. Empowering a sustainable future is the process of enabling individuals, communities, and organizations to adopt sustainable practices by providing education, resources, technology, and policies that support environmental conservation, social inclusion, and economic resilience, ensuring the well-being of present and future generations. This idea captures the interconnectedness of environmental, social, and economic systems, and it focuses on creating opportunities for action-oriented change to address global challenges. Empowerment in this context means giving people the tools and confidence to be proactive agents of sustainability. Public awareness is crucial for building a sustainable future, as it educates, motivates, and empowers individuals to take responsibility for their environmental impact. It fosters behavioural changes, mobilizes public support for sustainable policies, and encourages innovative solutions to global challenges. A well-informed public is essential for achieving lasting sustainability, ensuring that future generations can enjoy a healthy planet and thriving communities. Local initiatives are essential for driving sustainable development from the ground up. They reflect the principle of "think globally, act locally," as small, community-driven efforts contribute to global sustainability goals. By focusing on inclusive participation, resource conservation, climate resilience, and economic sustainability, these initiatives empower communities to shape a better future. Together, these grassroots actions form a foundation for systemic change, ensuring a sustainable and resilient future for generations to come. Key Words : Empowerment , Sustainability, Awareness and Initiatives

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Key Words : Empowerment , Sustainability, Awareness and Initiatives

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ABSTRACT: In addition to complying with strict academic standards, nursing students must acquire relevant knowledge and skills, and learn how to carry themselves in different and often stressful professional settings. These obligations could severely affect their mental health. The purpose of this study was to examine the mental health status of undergraduate nursing students and related factors. A total of 60 nursing students were included in this study. Discriptive correlative design applied. It shows that higher the level of mental health the greater is the score of emotional intelligence.These results suggest that nursing education could act as a protective factor against mental health disorders. Although a heavy academic workload could lead to higher levels of stress, overall, it seems that mental health is better in more advanced courses than in initial academic years.

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Psychological well being, Emotional Intelligence, Nursing Profession

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Commercial banks play a crucial role in fostering rural development by facilitating financial inclusion, credit accessibility and economic growth. This study examines the contribution of commercial banks to rural development in Nagaon district of Assam, focusing on credit flow and their impact on key rural sector such as agriculture and other priority sector. The research analyzes the trends in credit disbursement, the effectiveness of priority sector lending and role of banks in enhancing rural livelihoods. Finding indicates that the growth rate of credit flow to the priority sector by the commercial banks has decreased during the period (2018-24). The study also highlights the need for improved financial outreach, enhanced banking infrastructure and policy interventions to optimize the role of commercial banks in rural development. The research concludes that while commercial banks contribute significantly to rural economic progress, a more inclusive and targeted approach is essential to maximise their impact on sustainable development in Nagaon District.

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Commercial Bank, Rural Development, Credit, Priority Sector Lending, Agricultural Financing

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The review study explores the nutritional, medicinal, and therapeutic benefits of Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea), a plant native to Southeast Asia and other tropical regions and a member of the Fabaceae family. Ayurvedic medicine has long utilized the plant Clitoria ternatea to heal a range of ailments and enhance cognitive function. Its vivid blue, anthocyanin-rich blooms enhance the antioxidant properties of the plant and its potential as a natural food coloring. Numerous phytochemicals present in the plant, including flavonoids, polyacylated compounds, and anthocyanins, are known to have anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-obesity, and anti-diabetic effects. The plant is also rich in essential vitamins and minerals, has anti-aging and health-promoting qualities, and has a high nutritional content. Clitoria ternatea is a viable candidate for contemporary medical applications due to its diverse array of bioactive compounds. Its numerous pharmacological characteristics are highlighted in this review.

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Anthocyanins, Phytochemicals, Butterfly Pea, Clitoria ternatea, Ayurvedic Medicine, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidants, Flavonoids: Anti-diabetic, Anti-cancer

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The proportion of freshwater on earth's surface is only 2.5% of which only 1% is accessible for use. In this context, lakes are one of the most important resources of water and have been used as a source of water supply for human consumption and in general accounts for about 0.3% of the total surface water resources. As such, the conditions of lakes have been in constant deterioration due to increased anthropogenic activities surrounding them. In the present study an attempt has been made to access the water quality using physico-chemical parameters with heavy metals of the Rewalsar Lake in north west Himalayan region. For this study three sampling sites were identified and samples from different sites were collected in winter season, summer season and rainy season and important water quality parameters with heavy metals were analyzed. Water quality parameters and heavy metals were Water Temperature, Color, pH, Conductivity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chloride, Total Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Calcium hardness, Magnesium Hardness, Viscosity, surface tension, Dissolved Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), The results revealed that the different conditions of Rewalsar Lake in different sampling stations showed fluctuations in some physico-chemical parameters and also in heavy metals. These result depicted that water of lake was polluted in the form of nutrient enrichment which is due to agricultural activities and its runoff in and around catchment area of the lake. There are other many ways that things can end up in the lake as the free style way of disposal of industrial and domestic effluents etc. Results of studies on heavy metals in pollution are well documented revealing the toxic effects of these metals on aquatic organisms.

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: Physico-chemical, water quality, Water resources, APHA, Lake Water.

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Everyday millions of people and hundreds of thousands of institutions communicate with each other over the Internet. In the once two decades, the number of people using the Internet has increased veritably presto. resemblant to these developments, the number of attacks made on the Internet is adding day by day. Although hand- grounded styles are used to help these attacks, they're unproductive against zero-day attacks. On the other hand, the Anomaly- grounded approach is an indispensable result to the network attacks and has the capability to descry zero- day attacks as well. In this study, it's aimed at detecting network anomaly using machine literacy styles. In this environment, the sample data has been used as a dataset because of its over- to currentness, and wide attack diversity. On this dataset, point selection was made by using the Random Forest Regressor algorithm. Seven different machine learning algorithms have been used in the operation step and achieved high performance.

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Email Detection, Spam Detection, NLP, Machine Learning, Model Training, Message Testing

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This paper discusses the range of advanced techniques aimed at enhancing object detection in challenging conditions such as fog, haze, adverse weather, and dense traffic environments. Key contributions include perspective-based obstacle detection, which utilizes scale maps to encode the apparent size of objects, incorporating perspective information in both training and detection phases for improved performance. For adverse weather detection, an energy-based framework for detecting outliers in LiDAR data is introduced, robustly identifying adverse weather effects while performing simultaneous outlier detection and semantic segmentation. In winter conditions, SIWNet, a deep learning model with uncertainty estimation, is proposed to predict road surface friction from images, enhancing safety. Traffic surveillance improvements include the application of bounding ellipses to CenterNet and SpotNet models, outperforming traditional bounding box methods in vehicle detection from aerial imagery. Additionally, R-YOLOv5 is presented for rotational object detection in drone images, incorporating angle prediction and various feature enhancement techniques for high-accuracy, real-time vehicle detection. Obstacle detection in foggy weather is enhanced by combining GCANet defogging with YOLOv5, improving detection by fusing edge and convolution features. A smart traffic monitoring system is also proposed, utilizing CNNs for vehicle detection and classification from aerial imagery, employing customized pyramid pooling and advanced tracking techniques. Lastly, improved detection in hazy weather is achieved by enhancing YOLOv3 with ResNet, DenseNet, and attention modules, along with the introduction of focal loss for better accuracy. These methods collectively advance the accuracy, efficiency, and robustness of vehicle detection systems, demonstrating significant progress in autonomous driving and smart traffic monitoring.

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Vehicle detection, Fog, Haze, Adverse weather, Traffic environments, Perspective-based obstacle detection, LiDAR, Outlier detection, Semantic segmentation, Winter road surface condition, SIWNet Bounding ellipses, CenterNet, SpotNet, Rotational object detection, R-YOLOv5, GCANet, defogging, YOLOv5, Smart traffic monitoring, CNN, Pyramid pooling, Kalman filter, Kernelized filter, Feature enhancement, Focal loss

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Developmental Care, Positioning, Guideline, Pre-term infants

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The legend of Laila-Majnu, a story of never-ending love, passion, feeling and emotion tells us the true meaning of love. The different versions of stories associated with Laila-Majnu have passed through generations in the form of cinema, oral histories, etc. The present paper aims to highlight the role and importance of Mazaar and Mela in the conservation of the folklore of Laila-Majnu in a village named Binjaur, located in the district of Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan. The paper also focuses on the approximate number of people who come to Mazaar and took part in the Mela. The objectives of the paper include an examination of the various practices performed at the Mazaar, the belief system about the place, the local stories associated with Laila-Majnu, the impact of Mela on village economy, the geographical location of the Mazaar, etc. The methodology of the research includes the use of both primary and secondary sources. The primary sources mainly include the site visit and oral interviews. The secondary sources are based on the available literature and includes articles and research papers. The key findings of the research show the historical importance of the sacred place in the form of Mazaar and cultural importance in the form of Mela and how these can be used as tools for conservation of the historical traditions. It reflects the communal harmony between people of the different religions who are visiting the place. The paper also helps in providing information about the geographical and economic relevance of the place.

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Folk, Mazaar, Mela, Love, Belief, Culture, Story, Conservation, Worship, Sacred, etc.

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The current study aimed to isolate, screen, and characterize potential probiotic bacteria from the riverbanks of the Krishna River in Andhra Pradesh, focusing on both biochemical and molecular identification. The isolated bacterial strains were assessed for their suitability as probiotics in aquaculture. Biochemical tests, such as the Catalase and Voges-Proskauer (VP) tests, were conducted to evaluate the properties of the bacteria. Molecular identification was performed through sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. A critical characteristic for probiotics is their ability to survive in the gastrointestinal tract and colonize under acidic conditions. To assess this, the bacteria were incubated at various pH levels for different durations. Following the biochemical and molecular analyses, the bacterium was identified as Bacillus subtilis, which demonstrated strong resistance to low pH, indicating its potential as a reliable probiotic for aquaculture applications.

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Probiotics, aquaculture, 16S rRNA, Bacillus subtilis, Biochemical tests

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