Volume 14 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Music has been closely connected with spirituality since ancient times. In many cultures, music is not only a form of artistic expression but also a powerful medium for connecting with the divine and achieving inner peace. In the Indian tradition, music is often viewed as a path to spiritual realization. The philosophical idea of Nada Brahma suggests that the entire universe is made of sound and vibration, and through music one can experience this universal energy .Indian music has deep roots in sacred texts such as the Samaveda, where hymns were chanted in melodic patterns for spiritual and ritual purposes. Over time, music developed into various classical and devotional forms that aim to elevate the mind and soul. Concepts like Raga are designed not only to create melodies but also to evoke specific emotions and spiritual moods. The influence of the Bhakti Movement further strengthened the relationship between music and devotion, as saints and poets used songs to express love and surrender to God. Through practices such as bhajans, kirtans, and devotional compositions, music became a form of spiritual practice and meditation. Thus, spirituality in music reflects the belief that sound and melody can transcend ordinary experience, helping individuals achieve emotional purification, inner harmony, and a deeper connection with the divine.

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 Keywords

Bhajan , Kirtan, Samaved, Devotional, Music, Bhakti, Spiritual ,Divine

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Cormac McCarthy's novel The Road presents a bleak vision of a devastated planet where the natural environment has almost completely collapsed. Through the journey of a father and his young son across a burned and silent landscape, the novel depicts the consequences of ecological destruction and the fragile persistence of human morality in a ruined world. This paper offers an ecocritical reading of The Road, examining how McCarthy portrays environmental collapse, the loss of biodiversity, and the moral dilemmas faced by human beings in a post-apocalyptic ecosystem. By analyzing the symbolic landscape, the transformation of human behaviour, and the ethical questions embedded in the narrative, the study argues that The Road functions as a powerful ecological warning about the consequences of human negligence toward nature. The paper also situates the novel within broader discussions of ecocriticism and the Anthropocene, demonstrating how McCarthy's work contributes to contemporary environmental discourse.

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Climate fiction, Ecocriticism, Post-apocalyptic fiction, Environmental crisis, Landscape

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This paper has discussed depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and sexual functioning in people receiving chemotherapy but with special attention to the role of educational level and treatment stage. Thirty-five people did the Beck depression inventory (BDI), Beck anxiety inventory (BAI) and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Descriptive statistics indicated that participants who had higher levels of education reported lower levels of depressive symptoms but no difference was found in the levels of anxiety at different levels of education. The independent samples t-tests revealed that the levels of anxiety were significantly greater among participants in Stage 2 than in Stage 1, but there were no significant differences in depressive symptoms and sexual functioning between the stages. The Pearson correlation analyses established that depression and anxiety have a significant positive relationship (r =.675, p <.001), whereas sexual functioning related significantly to neither of the two psychological variables. Also, the length of chemotherapy had no significant correlation with depression, anxiety, and sexual functioning. These results indicate that psychological distress, especially the interrelation between depression and anxiety is a key problem of the patients undergoing chemotherapy, and other factors may affect sexual functioning and treatment time. The paper shows that regular psychosocial evaluation and combined interventions in cancer care are necessary to enhance the emotional state. Further research based on larger and longitudinal studies are advised in order to gain a clearer picture of the dynamics of psychological adjustment during the treatment of cancer.

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 Keywords

depression, anxiety, sexual functioning, chemotherapy, oncology, psychosocial adjustment.

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This research paper explores the pervasive manifestation of male hegemony within Indian fiction in English, examining how literary narratives mirror the systematic subjugation of women across physical, emotional, and socio-economic strata. Drawing upon the Gramscian framework, hegemony is defined as a preponderant influence exercised through society's superstructure, establishing a paradigm where the male figure serves as the "commander" and the female is relegated to the status of a "feeble sufferer". Through a critical analysis of seminal works by authors such as Amitav Ghosh, Arundhati Roy, Shashi Deshpande, and R.K. Narayan, this study illustrates how male dominance persists regardless of a woman's education or financial independence. The paper identifies recurring motifs of patriarchal violence, ranging from the drugged violation of bodily autonomy in Sea of Poppies to the institutionalized objectification by law enforcement in The God of Small Things. Furthermore, it investigates the fragility of the "male ego," particularly when confronted with female professional success, leading to domestic discord and sexual sadism as seen in The Dark Holds No Terror. By analyzing the spatial and social restrictions imposed on female characters--vividly depicted in the works of Deepa Anappara and Rita Garg--the research highlights a cultural "fixed formula" that demands women remain subordinate to maintain social harmony. Ultimately, the study concludes by advocating for a transformative shift in contemporary literature: the move away from the "epitome of sacrifice" toward the portrayal of the "New Woman"--a revolutionary, intellectually formidable figure who reclaims her existence from the "mild yoke" of traditional hegemony.

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Hegemony, Indian Fiction in English, Male Ego, Patriarchal Violence, The New Woman, Subjugation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Emotional maturity is the ability of an individual to manage their emotions effectively and respond to circumstances appropriately in social settings. This research study focuses on the emotional maturity of an individual and the relationship it has with their ordinal position or birth order in the family. It also explores the relationship between gender and emotional maturity and assesses whether the two common genders, i.e., male and female individuals, exhibit differences in emotional maturity. Further, the study also attempts to correlate the demographic areas with emotional maturity. An attempt has been made to identify these factors among individuals belonging to the age group of 17 to 22 years. In other words, students belong to the undergraduate level in colleges. The tool used to measure emotional maturity was the Emotional Maturity Scale (EMS - SB) by Dr. Yashvir Singh and Dr. Mahesh Bhargava. The statistical tests used were one-way ANOVA and t- test. The results show a correlation between gender and mental maturity, while the same lacks in ordinal position and demographic area with mental maturity

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Emotional Maturity, Ordinal position, First born, Middle born, Last born

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Here is a detailed introduction to address the issue of drug usage and addiction and its correlation with juvenile delinquency. The article also included some recent and important judgements by Hon'ble Supreme Court and High Courts of India which are acting as founding stones for the upcoming laws and policies in favour of youngsters. "Analysis of Data Indicating Role of addiction in criminality". The article discusses in detail regarding the authentic data collected first hand by research scholar and analysis based on those data. The analysis made in this chapter classifies that there is a direct and visible relation between addiction and criminal behaviour or criminality. "Comparative Study of Indian De- addiction Policies with other Countries". The article analyses over all drugs and addiction related laws of a country and also discusses policies in effect to curb substance abuse. "Critical Analysis of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substance Act". The article provides that despite showing interest in the fight against drug and addiction, India took a long time in ratifying and implementing the obligations lay down by these three conventions.

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Juvenile delinquency, Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substance Act, Conventions, NCRB Report, De-addiction, War on drugs, Non-governmental organisations (NGOs), Integrated Rehabilitation Centre for Addicts, De-addiction centres, Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.

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Abstract:Swad bite is a web-based food ordering platform designed to simplify and digitize the process of purchasing meals the project focuses on providing a smooth and efficient experience for users who prefer quick and hassle-free services in their daily busy schedules instead of visiting restaurants or making phone calls customers can conveniently browse food options and place orders online within minutes the system allows users to view a variety of dishes along with their details pricing and descriptions customers can select their preferred items add them to a virtual cart and confirm their orders through an easy-to-navigate interface the website is developed using a responsive layout ensuring that it functions effectively on desktops tablets and smartphones without affecting performance or usability the main objective of swad bite is to transform the traditional food ordering approach into a modern digital solution by automating the ordering process the system minimizes manual mistakes reduces waiting time and enhances customer satisfaction additionally it assists restaurants in managing orders more efficiently leading to improved service quality and operational workflow overall swad bite demonstrates how web technologies can be utilized to create a reliable user-friendly and efficient online food ordering system that benefits both customers and restaurant businesses

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Mess Management System, Online Food Ordering System

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract. The success of a school largely depends on its teachers, who are responsible for molding their students' moral, aesthetic, and intellectual personalities. Teachers must be resourceful and able to produce individuals who can apply their knowledge or experience in unfamiliar situations and think critically, creatively, objectively, discriminatively, and analytically. To explore students' creativity, the researchers attempted to examine secondary school students' creativity using a survey research method. A sample of 255 secondary school students was selected from four government and five private schools in Tamil Nadu, India. Data to assess the sample's creativity were collected by distributing the Passi Tests of Creativity along with the Test Manual. The study's key findings show that most school students had an average level of creativity.

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 Keywords

blocks test of creativity, consequences test, secondary school education, seeing problems test, square puzzle test, test of inquisitiveness, unusual uses test

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Tiphanie Yanique is a Caribbean American writer from Virgin Island. Through her novel Land of Love and Drowning, she depicted the trauma of female characters who are the heart and soul of real Caribbean history. The women are given enough space in this modern society, but still she is torn apart in the real make belief world. She is nurtured to endure in her own way. The circumstances built her soul rigid and tough. The female characters Anette, Eoene and Eve Youme raised questions in our minds whether women truly are freed from the patriarchal bonds which seemed to be the spinal structure of the society. Eoene had to witness the plight of her own baby who was thrown out off the balcony by her male counter part. Anette came to know the fact that Jacob was her half brother who became the father of her daughter Eve Youme. Eve Youme had to lead a life of a girl who happened to be the result of the insestual relationship. Women are bound by the double shadow of gender binaries. No one could save her from the ties of stereotypical image imposed upon her by the society. She is just like a ventriloquist's dummy as suggested by the post colonial theorist Gayatry Chakravokthy Spivak and she is either spoken of, or spoken at. Moreover by gender and class she is double binded. The coming generations should save the women from the shackles of binary opposition and epistemic violence. Through the essay "Can the Subaltern Speak?" Spivak raised the question whether women have any space provided for her in the male dominated world. Her voice became unheard, she became voiceless. Her identity became marginalised somewhere in the corner. She had to come out of her shell. All these years she lived a life of a cocoon. Now its time for her to be in the world which is there out for her. Surely she could straightened her wings and able to come out in flying colours just like Eve Youme. She is the only woman who initiated the protest against the privatization of the natives'beach. This situation proved the need for the Spivak's concept of strategic essentialism. The whole society supported and followed her. She could become an icon in the world which always tried to marginalise her in one way or the other.

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 Keywords

Patriarchy, Voiceless, Stereotypical image, Subaltern, Ventriloquist's dummy, Gender binaries

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition