Volume 11 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Pharmacovigilance (PV) plays a key role in the healthcare system by assessing, monitoring and detecting drug interactions and adverse drug reactions in humans. Medicines are intended to cure, prevent or treat disease. However, there are also risks, especially adverse drug reactions (ADRs) that can cause serious harm to patients. Therefore, for safe drugs, adverse reactions should be monitored throughout the life cycle of each drug, during drug development (e.g. pre-market, including early stages of drug design, clinical trial phase and post-marketing surveillance). Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities concerned with the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug/vaccine related issues. In addition, PV has traditionally been involved in recording spontaneous reports and submitting them to national surveillance systems. An emerging trend in PV is to link pre-market data to human safety information observed in the post-market phase. The PV Systems team captures valuable additional information, building on the scientific data contained in the original report, making it even more informative. This calls for extreme demands for effective regulation of the drug approval process and conscious vigilance against adverse effects before and after approval, especially in India. Adverse events reported through the PV system can benefit the community due to their linguistic and intellectual proximity to the public and public health practitioners, and the reporter can be easily contacted electronically. Thus, PV can help patients stay healthy and manage optimally or ideally, avoiding disease. This review summarizes the objectives and approaches used in PV and provide a critical review of existing PV in India, challenges to overcome and future prospects in the Indian context.

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Keywords: pharmacovigilance, adverse drug reactions, clinical trials, pharmacogenomics, Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission.

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The COVID-19 epidemic has led to different changes in how people live and work, including a trend toward digital payments. According to the study, the epidemic has expedited the adoption of digital payments in the country, particularly among people who were previously hesitant to use non-cash payment methods. The report also highlights numerous variables that have contributed to this trend, such as the closure of physical businesses, the requirement for contactless payments, and the expansion of e-commerce. In India, digital payments are becoming increasingly popular, and the epidemic has further expedited this tendency. We'll look at how digital payment habits have changed and what factors have led to this transformation. Furthermore, this presentation will discuss the issues associated with digital payment acceptance as well as the future of digital payments in India.

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Covid-19, Payments, Digital Payments, Transactions, Pandemic, Digital, E-Wallets, E-Payments.

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The Ramayan is an ancient Hindu epic that has been retold in various forms over the centuries. This article explores five different versions of the Ramayan, including the original Valmiki Ramayan, the simplified Tulsidas Ramayan, the Kamban Ramayan with its unique emphasis on the role of women, the spiritual interpretation of the Adhyatma Ramayan, and the Hindi language Ramcharitmanas that emphasizes devotion to Lord Rama. Each version has its unique features, such as language, characterization, and focus on certain events. The Valmiki Ramayan provides a highly detailed and complex narrative, while the Tulsidas Ramayan is more accessible to the general public. The Kamban Ramayan provides a unique perspective on the story of Lord Rama, and the Adhyatma Ramayan emphasizes the teachings and lessons that can be drawn from the story. Finally, the Ramcharitmanas is another retelling of the epic in Hindi language that emphasizes devotion to Lord Rama. Various reference books can be used for further research on the different versions of Ramayan.

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Valmiki Ramayan, Tulsidas Ramayan, Kamban Ramayan , Adhyatma Ramayan, Ramcharitmanas

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Insanity, Legal & Medical, Criminal Law , Cognitive Test etc

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Cement, Pumice Stones, Aluminium powder.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ???- ????????? ???????, ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ? '? ????? ?????:' ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??????, ?????? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? '????????? 4 ?? 14 ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????-???????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???'" ???????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?

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??????????, ???????, ??? ??????? ?? ???, ???????? ???? ?? ???????, ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????, ????????? ???????, ??????? ?????, ???????? ?

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COVID-19, a serious new virus, has spread across the world, including Qatar, requiring multiple frontline fighters to be deployed to combat this pandemic, specifically nurses. However, there were no exemptions whether these nurses have to fight their own battles during a pandemic because of their existing chronic diseases. Attaining researchers' aim to capture the lived experiences of nurses with chronic disease during pandemic, three significant concerns were observed namely Work Optimation, Self Preservation, and Social Obligations. Work Optimization describes how nurses perform their work, and can be categorized into Personal Productivity, Radical Adaptability, and Workload Flexibility. Self Preservation, which highlights how nurses with chronic diseases take care of themselves, talked about Endurance Ability, Well-Balanced Priority, and Physical Safety. Social Obligation describes how nurses consider the health of their families as well as the surrounding communities as Mutual Responsibility, Team Reliability, and Work Effectivity. The phenomenological study shows the difficulties that nurses with chronic diseases experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. It demonstrates how having chronic diseases can affect the quality of their work as nurses. Understanding how to manage chronic diseases may help nurses withstand burdens while working.

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Chronic Diseases, Experience of Nurses with Chronic Diseases, and Pandemic

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The people of Kashmir has been largely depended on agriculture for their livelihood. The agricultural economy was dominated by the rice crop cultivation and was supported by the geographical setting as well. As the rice crop cultivation mostly depended on the irrigation, its organization has become one of the main concerns of the people and the rulers. Both of them had devised a number of measures to harness the irrigation potential and increase the production. The sultans played a significant role in the organization of the irrigational works and brought prosperity to the region under their rule. Therefore, in this paper an attempt has been made to study the role of the sultans in the irrigational works.

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People, Sultans, Rice, Irrigation, Geography

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Face detection and recognition are two important areas of research in computer vision that have received significant attention over the past few decades. With the increasing availability of image and video data, automated identification of individuals based on their facial features has become an essential task in many applications, including security, surveillance, human-computer interaction, and entertainment. This survey paper provides an overview of the state-of-the-art in face detection and recognition, focusing on the techniques and approaches used for automated identification of individuals based on their facial features. The paper first discusses the fundamentals of face detection, including the challenges involved in detecting faces in real-world images and videos, such as varying illumination conditions, occlusion, and pose variations. Further, the paper also presents an in-depth analysis of various methods employed in face detection, including traditional techniques such as Viola-Jones, as well as more recent deep learning-based approaches such as Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs). Finally, the paper concludes by providing insights into future directions for research in face detection and recognition.

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Viola-Jones, Yolo, GAN, RetinaNet, MC-KCF algorithm, Resnet, N-FPN module

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Shodhana chikitsa mentioned in Ayurveda grantha helps in expelling out the vitiated dosha from the body. Most of the procedures are stressful for the body and it will take time to regain the initial strength. For that all the Acharyas have mentioned a specific time period for following specific pathya krama which is known as parihara kala. For all the procedures including snehana and swedana, there are chances of fluid loss,electrolyte imbalance, mild inflammation and other muscle fatigueness. These procedures also compromise agni bala and sareera bala. So to regain all these, the body will need a certain time period. Hence there is a need of parihara kala after each procedure.

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Ayurveda ,Parihara kala, Shodhana, pathya

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