Volume 13 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Mulk Raj Anand is widely regarded as one of the pioneers of Indo-Anglian fiction, alongside Raja Rao and R.K. Narayan. Among these three literary stalwarts, Anand is particularly celebrated for his deep empathy toward the underprivileged and marginalized sections of Indian society. His novels focus on the struggles of the downtrodden, including outcastes and untouchables, making him a social reformer through literature. His works serve as powerful commentaries on the harsh realities of caste oppression, economic disparity, and human suffering in India. Anand's literary journey was shaped by the socio-political changes occurring in India during the 20th century. The early decades of the century saw significant upheavals, including the rise of nationalist movements, social reform campaigns, and Gandhiji's philosophy of non-violence and equality. Anand's writing was deeply influenced by these developments, and his novels reflect the era's pressing concerns. His works, such as Untouchable and Coolie, highlight the injustices suffered by the lower castes and the working class. His ability to blend realism with a deep emotional and psychological insight made his fiction both poignant and revolutionary. The period between 1917 and 1957 was crucial for India, as it witnessed a transformation from colonial rule to independence. This transition also reshaped Indian literature, giving rise to narratives that explored social injustices, identity crises, and cultural transitions. Mulk Raj Anand, with his deep social consciousness and commitment to justice, became one of the foremost voices of this literary movement, immortalizing the struggles of India's oppressed through his compelling fiction.

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 Keywords

Downtrodden, Indo-Anglian. Intuitive, Magnitude, Stagnation, Outcastes, Untouchable, Oppressed,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Leaves, Morinda lucida BENTH, Balb/c mouse, LPS, Donepezil.

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Environmental sustainability education (ESE) is essential for equipping individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary to address the pressing environmental challenges of our time. An attempt has been made to explore the significance of ESE, effective pedagogical approaches, and the integration of ESE into curricula across educational levels. It emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary frameworks and community engagement in fostering a culture of sustainability.

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 Keywords

Environment, education, sustainability.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Fundus diseases are the main cause of vision loss.Doctors use special images called fundus images to classify these diseases. Computers can help with classifying using a technology called deep learning. While deep learning techniques like CNN do not effectively remove noise. To overcome the above limitations, we introduce a hybrid model combining CNN and R-FCN. In this model, we pass the fundus images through a Convolutional Neural Network to capture a variety of low-level (edges and textures) and high-level (shapes and patterns) features that are fundamental for identifying diseases in the fundus. It is applied to feature maps developed in CNN and incorporates a mechanism of position-sensitive score map to enhance the detection of regions of interest in the image, such as lesions or vascular abnormalities in retinal images. Further, it enhances the architecture using layers of convolutions for hierarchical features in images followed by a Region Proposal Network, which creates candidate regions for classification. These regions are then classified using a set of fully connected layers, making the system highly capable of localizing and classifying retinal conditions. This innovative approach can detect disease earlier and suggest for best treatment. This paper enhances the accuracy of up to 98% in Fundus image classification.

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 Keywords

Fundus Images, Retinal Disease Classification, Deep Learning, Region-based Fully Convolutional Networks, Position- Sensitive Score Maps, Diabetic Retinopathy, Glaucoma, Age-related Macular Degeneration, Image Classification, Precision, Recall, F1-Score.

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The "Smart Polyhouse Irrigation System" facilitates the growing environment and integrates several enabling technologies to tackle issues in modern agriculture. With its assistance, crops are produced and irrigation is completed without the need for humans to participate. This system additionally includes an innovative function which enables the automated upper shelter of the Polyhouse building to be adjusted in real time as needed. The setup makes it simpler to moderate conditions around the bass plants by altering the lighting, temperatures, and humidity levels to correspond with their needs. Via the use of sensor technologies, the Internet of Things, and especially intelligent business process modeling, this system conserves water as well as assets while increasing crop production with minimal manual intervention. This technological advancement in agriculture promotes environmentally friendly agriculture.

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 Keywords

High-Tech Polyhouse Irrigation Systems, Automatic Shelter Modification, Counter IoT Devices Smart Agriculture, Cloud-Based Crop Management Systems, Eco Friendly Agriculture Technology

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This study examines Generation Z's preferences for online food ordering platforms, focusing on Swiggy and Zomato in Vadodara. Key factors analyzed include pricing, discounts, promotional offers, delivery speed, hygiene, safety measures, and value for money. Data was collected from 324 respondents and analyzed using Chi-Square and ANOVA tests. Results indicate that pricing and promo codes significantly influence platform preference, while factors like hygiene, delivery speed, and gender show no strong association. Income levels impact perceptions of timeliness and promotional offers but not hygiene concerns. The study suggests that Swiggy and Zomato should enhance pricing strategies, personalized promotions, and delivery efficiency to better meet Generation Z's expectations.

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Generation Z, online food ordering, Swiggy, Zomato, consumer preferences, pricing, discounts, promotional offers, delivery speed, hygiene, value for money

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Diabetes mellitus characterised by hyperglycaemia is a metabolic disorder which results due to inadequate secretion of insulin (Type-I) or increased resistance to insulin by cells (Type-II). If not control the diabetes mellitus can lead to fatal complications including cardiovascular diseases, renal disease, retinal damage, foot problems and increased susceptibility to infection. Many of the oral hypoglycaemic agents are available for the effective control of blood glucose levels. This article describes the novel Dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor- Evogliptin. Evogliptin is safe and effective in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, the pharmacokinetic, mechanism of action, adverse effect, contraindication and drug-drug interactions are well explained in this review article.

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Diabetes mellitus, Evogliptin, Mechanism of action

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Job satisfaction and motivation are pivotal factors influencing the performance and retention of employees in any profession. For medical representatives, whose work involves promoting pharmaceutical products to healthcare professionals, these factors are particularly significant in a competitive and demanding industry. This paper examines the relationship between job satisfaction and motivation among medical representatives, focusing on how these elements impact their work performance, career longevity, and overall well-being. The study identifies key factors contributing to job satisfaction, including compensation, recognition, work-life balance, and opportunities for career growth. Additionally, it explores the various intrinsic and extrinsic motivators, such as financial incentives, personal fulfillment, and autonomy, that drive medical representatives to perform effectively. The findings suggest that medical representatives who experience high levels of job satisfaction and motivation are more likely to achieve sales targets, build strong professional relationships, and remain committed to their roles. By understanding the dynamics of job satisfaction and motivation, pharmaceutical companies can develop strategies to enhance employee engagement, reduce turnover, and foster a supportive and productive work environment. The results highlight the importance of addressing both the tangible and psychological aspects of motivation to ensure sustained high performance and career success in the field of medical representation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Job Satisfaction, Motivation, Medical Representatives, Performance Retention, Pharmaceutical Products, Healthcare Professionals, Compensation Recognition, Work-life Balance

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This study explores the concept of brand loyalty concerning TVS products, with a particular focus on consumers in Tirupur City. The research aims to understand the factors influencing brand loyalty, such as product quality, pricing, after-sales service, brand reputation, and customer satisfaction. The study also examines how emotional attachment, trust, and consistent brand experience contribute to customer retention. Primary data was collected through structured questionnaires distributed to TVS product users in Tirupur, while secondary data was gathered from journals, articles, and company reports. The findings highlight the key drivers of brand loyalty, the level of customer satisfaction, and the impact of marketing strategies on consumer behavior. This research provides valuable insights for TVS Motors to enhance their brand positioning and strengthen customer relationships, ultimately fostering long-term loyalty.

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Brand Loyalty, TVS Products, Customer Satisfaction, Brand Reputation, Consumer Behavior.

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The present study focuses on the Formulation and evaluation of a mesalazine mucoadhesive and ph-dependent colon-targeted drug delivery system for the effective management of inflammatory bowel diseases. The objective was to ensure minimal drug release in the stomach and small intestine while providing a controlled, targeted release in the colon. Various batch formulations were prepared using different ratios of mucoadhesive polymers such as pectin etc and ph-dependent polymers such as carbopol 940 to achieve this Colon Targeted Drug Delivery system. The selection criteria emphasized achieving minimal drug release in the first 4-5 hours to bypass the stomach and small intestine and provide protection from upper GIT, followed by a significant release after 5-6 hours for precise colon targeting. Dissolution studies were conducted on nine batches to determine the release profile. Among the tested formulations, Batch 6,7,8 and 9 demonstrated minimal release during the initial 5 hours and a gradual, sustained release thereafter. Batch B3, B6 and B9 showing a higher mucoadhesion profile. Batch 9 the optimal candidate for ph-dependent colon-targeted delivery and as well as muchoadhesion, ensuring effective site-specific drug release. However, Batch 9 stood out with a superior balance of controlled release with high muchoadhesion, confirming its suitability for colon targeting. In contrast, Batches 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 showed premature drug release within the first 3-4 hours and batch B6, B7 and B8 it's a showing less mucoadhesive profile compare to batch 9 failing to meet the criteria for ph-dependent delivery and mucoadhesive properies. The study concludes that Batch 9 is the best formulation for a mesalazine mucoadhesive and ph- dependent colon-targeted drug delivery system, offering enhanced therapeutic efficacy and reduced systemic side effects in the treatment of colonic disorders. This optimized system leverages controlled release technology to address the limitations of conventional therapies.Further investigations, including in vivo studies, are recommended to validate the in vitro findings and confirm the clinical potential of this formulation. The promising results from this study the way for advanced, targeted drug delivery systems for chronic gastrointestinal diseases.

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 Keywords

Mesalazine, pH-dependent drug delivery, Colon-targeted tablets, Carbopol 940, Pectin, Compression coating, Inflammatory bowel disease, Delayed release, Mucoadhesion te

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition