Volume 9 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Well known commercial tomato seeds (PKM 1) obtained from a local seed agency. All seeds were grouped into 7 groups (10%,20%,30%,40%,50%,100% and control) equivalent to different Azolla biofertilizer extract. Seed germination test was done on petriplates (top of paper method). Seeds of each group were left immersed in the equivalent concentration of before 24 hours. Azolla biofertilizers were foliar applied using (10ml) syringe, weekly once. Vegetative growth of tomatoes was expressed as number of leaves, number of branches, leaf area and plant height were estimated. Azolla biofertilizer extracts, 30% concentration showed the maximum increase in germination, shoot length, root length compared to control. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 7 treatment and 3 replication was adapted.

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Tomato seeds (PKM 1), Azolla biofertilizer extract, Petriplates, CRD

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Chemical deposition method, namely, modified chemical bath deposition (M-CBD) has been used to deposit copper thiocyanate (CuSCN) thin films. The CuSCN thin films were deposited onto glass and FTO coated glass substrates from an aqueous medium at room temperature. To obtain good quality of thin films, preparative conditions such as concentra- tion, pH of precursor solution and adsorption, reaction and rinsing time durations were optimized at room temperature. The structural, morphological, optical, electrical and photoelectronchemical (PEC) properties of the films were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of CuSCN thin films reveals that the films have a rhombohedral structure. The band gap was found to be 3.9 eV. The PEC studies showed that the material is a wide band gap.

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Thin films, Chemical synthesis, XRD, SEM, Optical, Electrical and PEC properties.

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The purpose of this article is to present a method which consists in the development of unit cell numerical models for smart composite materials with piezoelectric fibers made of PZT embedded in a non-piezoelectric matrix (epoxy resin). This method evaluates a globally homogeneous medium equivalent to the original composite, using a representative volume element (RVE). The suitable boundary conditions allow the simulation of all modes of the overall deformation arising from any arbitrary combination of mechanical and electrical loading. In the first instance, the unit cell is applied to predict the effective material coefficients of the transversely isotropic piezoelectric composite with circular cross section fibers. The numerical results are compared to other methods reported in the literature and also to results previously published, in order to evaluate the method proposal. In the second step, the method is applied to calculate the equivalent properties for smart composite materials with square cross section fibers. Results of comparison between different combinations of circular and square fiber geometries, observing the influence of the boundary conditions and arrangements are presented.

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smart composite materials, piezoelectric fiber composite, active fiber composite, finite element analyses, effective properties

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Index Terms: Performance, rural saving and credit cooperative, factors affecting performance of RuSACCOs.

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Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of addition of respiratory exercises ,chest expansion exercises and thoracic flexibility exercises to conventional physiotherapy on pulmonary functions and neck disability index in chronic neck pain patients. Method: 30 patients with chronic neck pain were randomly divided into experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) group. Experimental group received respiratory exercises, chest expansion exercises and thoracic flexibility exercises along with the conventional physiotherapy for 5 days a week for 2 weeks, whereas the control group received only conventional physiotherapy. At the beginning and at the end of the treatment pain intensity ,chest expansion ,craniovertebral angle, neck disability index and respiratory functions were assessed . Results: There were significant improvement in the PEF (peak expiratory flow),FEV1(forced expiratory volume in 1 second),VAS( visual analog scale),NDI(neck disability index ) in the experimental group . Conclusion: The addition of breathing exercises, chest expansion exercises, thoracic flexibility exercises to conventional physiotherapy are effective intervention for improving pulmonary functions and reduces the pain and disability level in patients with chronic neck pain.

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Chronic neck pain ,Breathing exercises, Chest expansion exercises, Thoracic flexibility exercises, Pulmonary Functions.

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Adolescence is a period of transition with dramatic changes in biological, psychological and emotional state. This transition brings responsibility, expectations and changes in relationship. Adolescents need to be psychologically competent for entering into adult life with new challenges. At this critical developmental phase of life adolescents become psychologically vulnerable as coming at the edge of a greater life ahead, environmental, psychological, biological and societal needs drive them into challenging situations. Psychological competence at this period is much needed to cope with these needs and challenges and increase resilience to face the life. Mental wellbeing is very important at this period to lead a productive and successful life at later stage as good mental health determines overall wellbeing not only for the individuals but also for the development of a nation. Psychological competence or the development of life skills is essential component to cope with the challenges and needs of this period. Life skills are important for promotion of mental wellbeing and prevention of risk factors. These skills can be acquired through life experiences but mostly through strategic life skills education.

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Adolescence, mental health, life skills, life skills education, psychological wellbeing,

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The construction industry is one of the major sectors responsible for energy efficiency, solid waste production, global greenhouse gas emissions, environmental damage and resource depletion. However, there have been a few studies that point to green technical knowledge in the empowerment of workers in construction projects especially in Malaysia. The purpose of this study was to obtain information on raw materials between engineers, contractors and other organizations involved in the construction industry. To this end, extensive literature reviews, questionnaires and interviews were conducted. A number of projects involved in green technology and improvements in the development of existing conservation and construction technologies have been investigated; and how it was decided how the green technology industry could contribute to the national economy. A questionnaire was distributed among the participants in the project and a discussion was held with local authorities in Selangor on their knowledge of green technology and to improve the development of green technology projects in Selangor and across the country. Through a survey of interviewed professionals with green construction expertise, the results initially showed that green technology is widely understood by key role players in the construction industry, but nevertheless implementation is not done and information about them is not well developed. Research vacancies are discussed with indicators of future research proposed. This research can serve as an important platform for both industry workers and researchers to appreciate the progress of green technology research.

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CONSTRUCTION WORKFORCE AND EMPOWERMENT OF KNOWLEDGE IN CONSTRUCTION

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Migraine, the second most frequent cause of headache, affects about 15% of women and 6% of men. For most people in their prime age, i.e. from the second decade to the fifth, their professional and social life is affected, and their fitness is hindered. The burden of migraine is recognised by the W.H.O., which lists it among the main causal factors that remain mostly unexplained, but what is understood is that the trigeminal nerve plays a key role in the transmission of nociceptive information from the "pain-sensitive" intracranial/extracranial blood vessels to the central nervous system (CNS), which is referred to as the "trigeminal system." Therefore, early treatment intervention is expected in patients suffering from migraine. The illness ardhavabhedaka is one of the shirorogas, as our Acharyas have said, in which there would be extreme pain in one half of the shiras i.e. manya, bhru, shankha, karna, akshi and lalaata. Pain is going to be like those created by sharp objects like shastra and arani. Attacks of ardavabhedak may take place once in ten days, once in fifteen days or once in a month. As for Acharyas, it is said that ardhavabhedaka, if left uncontrolled, leads to deafness and blindness. Ayurveda stresses different therapeutic methods, as in ardhavabhedaka, which involves both shaman and shodhan. Acharya Charaka has said that asthapana and anuvasana basti are successful in managing ardhavabhedaka.

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Ardhavabhedaka, Migraine, Panchakarma, Shiroroga

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Mulk Raj explores all the hypocrisy and double-minded ideology of the upper-class people. The way the upper class treated lower or untouchable people is distinctly and unambiguously. The novel Untouchability centred toward the deprived section of Indian society who were treated as "Achhut" untouchable which are not to be touched by "Swarna Varga" upper-class people. The novel demonstrates society's accurate picture through his character Bakha a sweeper, Lakha head of sweepers in the area, Solini a Dalit girl, Charat Singh a generous man and many others. These characters exemplify the rotten and ruining orthodox tradition of Indian society. However, the novel demonstrates the inhumane, evil conduct prevailed in society over the Dalit Vagra but also shoe the generosity and humanity by his characters and the positive vibes and vision the ray of hope in despair through the message of the Mahatma Gandhi. The novel also highlights the innovation and technology which functionalized to uplift society through inhumane conduct like manual scavenging.

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untouchable,Inhumane,manual scavenging,Orthodox.

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Toxicity is the inherent property of a chemical molecule to produce injury on reaching a susceptible site on or in an organism. Today not only the animals and plants but Human beings are also continually being exposed to various chemical pollutants of the environment. Pesticides cause acute toxicity to a broad spectrum of aquatic organisms and thus it is imperative to understand its ecotoxicological implications. The Silver carp were exposed to three different concentrations of (1, 5 and 10 ppm) of the pesticide, Methyl parathion (which is an organophosphate insecticide) for four days. An attempt was made to interpret the impact of this Pesticide on the biochemical constituents of the various tissues of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Silver carp). A significant decline was observed in the total protein, carbohydrate and lipid contents of the different tissues of the fish, H. molitrix under the influence of methyl parathion toxicity.

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Pesticides, Methyl parathion, Biochemical parameters, Tissues, Silver carp, H. molitrix.

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