Volume 11 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

Introduction Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinopathy affecting adolescent girls in their reproductive age. It has an unknown etiology and is recognized as a heterogeneous disorder that results in the overproduction of androgens, primarily from the ovary, and is associated with insulin resistance. The global prevalence of PCOS is estimated to be between (6%) and (26%). It is caused by a sedentary lifestyle and lack of nutritional food. Materials and methods A cross sectional study was conducted among 150 adolescent girls who are studying in Pre-University College of Udupi District, Karnataka. The samples were chosen using simple random sampling technique who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The data was collected using a demographic proforma, knowledge questionnaire on PCOS and attitude scale. Results Majority of the adolescent girls 112 (74.7%) were aged 16years, 38% of the adolescent girls had their menarche at the age of 13 years. 83.3% of the girls had a regular menstrual cycle. 130(86.7%) had moderate level of knowledge. 150(100%) girls have unfavourable attitudes toward PCOS. Conclusion The study concluded that there is a need to intensify efforts in creating awareness about the complications of polycystic ovarian syndrome. A multidisciplinary approach to tackling polycystic ovarian syndrome must be emphasized.

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 Keywords

Knowledge, Attitude, PCOS.

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Hemiplegic CP, Prefabricated Neoprene splint, Grip Strength

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Social anxiety is one of the most common psychological disorders experienced in our present time. Due to its prevalence, many studies have investigated social anxiety as one of the most crucial emotional disorders causing several psychological and behavioral problems. People with social anxiety experience fear and uneasiness in social performance and interactional situations, which have a significant negative impact on the various aspects of their life (Alansari, 2004; Muammariyah, 2009). Among many existing approaches, Mindfulness based Cognitive therapy is found to be a non-pharmacologic approach to the treatment of social anxiety and also to increase self-esteem; and its efficacy has been demonstrated in large number of investigations (Hofmann, 2017). The aim of this study is to find the effect of Mindfulness based cognitive therapy on social anxiety and self-esteem among young adults. Correlation research design for the first phase and quasi experimental design for the second phase was used. Using convenience sampling, about 133 young adults were selected for the phase 1 and 30 participants were selected for phase 2 of the study using purposive sampling design. The Social Interaction Anxiety Scale and Rosenberg self-esteem scale were used for data collection through Google forms. The obtained data was analyzed using Pearson's product moment correlation and results indicated a negative correlation between social anxiety and Self-esteem. Pre-test and post-test scores were analyzed using paired t-test and it was found that Mindfulness based Cognitive therapy had a significant effect on social anxiety and self-esteem. This present study implies that mental health practitioners can use mindfulness based cognitive therapy as an intervention to reduce the level of social anxiety and increase self-esteem among young adults.

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Mindfulness based cognitive therapy, social anxiety, self-esteem and young adults

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Background of the study: Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory condition in the world, and its prevalence is rising. Because asthma cannot be cured, alternative therapies such as Deep Breathing Exercises, Pursed Lip Breathing, Incentive Spirometry, and others are available. Aim: The current study sought to assess the efficacy of various relaxation techniques on physiological parameters in patients with bronchial asthma at LHDM and Dr Prem Hospital. Panipat. Methodology: The quantitative research strategy served as the foundation for the methodology adopted in the current investigation. For this study, a quasi-experimental research approach was used. This research was carried out at LHDM and Dr. Prem Hospital. Oscar Hospital in Panipat and Panipat. The sample was equally split into two groups. Group 1 patients will receive specific relaxation techniques, such as progressive muscular relaxation exercises and pursed-lip breathing exercises (30 samples in each group). Routine nursing care was provided to group 2 subjects for their bronchial asthma. The non-probability purposive sampling strategy served as the foundation for the methodology used in this study. Modified Borg Dyspnoea Scale was the instrument used for data collection. Six participants participated in a pilot study to evaluate the viability of the research methodology. The data collection process demonstrates that the Modified Borg Dyspnoea Scale was used to evaluate the subjects' breathing issues. Then came these The individuals practised pursed lip breathing for three minutes, three times per day for five days. The 10-day post-test was conducted using the same instrument at the conclusion. Just the experimental group received the Breathing Technique instruction, and subjects practised it three times daily for 10 minutes each. Subjects in the intervention group began using the Coach 2 gadget for incentive spirometry. Both groups underwent a supervised session of their assigned breathing exercise twice: once in the morning and once in the late afternoon. On the fifth day, the Modified Borg's Dyspnoea Scale was used for the post test. The control group received standard nursing and medical treatment. Statistics were used for both descriptive and inferential data analysis. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the post-test dyspnoea levels score for the experimental group was 3.54 + 1.548. During the post-test, the average level of dyspnea in the control group was 8.23 + 1.006, and the independent "t" test score was 14.041, with 58 degrees of freedom. At a p value of less than 0.001, it was statistically important. This shows that there was a difference in the level of dyspnoea among subjects in experimental and control group. Conclusion: It was discovered that Deep Breathing Exercises, Pursed Lip Breathing, Incentive Spirometry, etc. were significantly useful in improving the respiratory physiological parameters of bronchial asthma patients.

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 Keywords

Evaluate, Selected relaxation techniques, Physiological Parameters

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Rudrama Devi was a prominent ruler of the Kakatiya dynasty, who ruled from 1263 to 1289 CE. Her reign was characterized by innovative policies and effective governance that helped to promote the welfare of her people and ensure the security and territorial integrity of her kingdom. Rudrama Devi's policy and rule of governance were based on the principles of justice, fairness, and social welfare. She appointed capable officials and officers to various positions in her administration, who were responsible for different aspects of governance, law and order, and military affairs. Under her rule, Rudrama Devi introduced several key reforms, such as the Nayamkara system, a form of military organization that ensured the army was well-organized and prepared to defend the kingdom against any threats. She also established a sophisticated system of fortifications to protect her kingdom from external threats and invested in the development of weapons and military technology to give her army an edge in battle.Rudrama Devi's administration was also characterized by a focus on social welfare. She built several charitable institutions, such as hospitals and schools, and promoted arts and culture in her kingdom. She also introduced several policies that aimed to improve the living conditions of her people, such as the regulation of markets to prevent price fluctuations and the construction of irrigation systems to improve agricultural productivity. Overall, Rudrama Devi's policy and rule of governance were marked by innovation, efficiency, and a commitment to social welfare. Her legacy as a capable ruler and military strategist continues to inspire people today, and her contributions to the military system and governance of the Kakatiya dynasty have left a lasting impact on Indian history.

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Prominent, Kakatiya dynasty, Territorial integrity, Effective governance

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Gas booking is a major requirement in every individual's life. The need of this project is to save time while booking of gas. When we call the gas agent our request may not be recorded or call cannot be connected. These are all waste of the person's time. If we have not noted the completion of gas we need to book it in black for money. By this project the level of the gas will be monitored at all the time and we get message when gas is about to complete or critically low that is below 20%. In this project we would like to introduce an arduino based system in which the load cell used to discover the weight of the gas present inside the cylinder .The gas sensor is used to measure or detect the gas leakage in the system. The sensor has the proper sensitivity and the brief reaction time at fewer prices. If gas completion is identified message to the lawful candidate or family member through the usage of the cloud, it alerts the lawful candidate or family member by sending the notification to refill the cylinder. Furthermore, the sensor is utilised to detect gas leaks at home. If a gas leak is detected automatically, a message will be sent to the user. IOT is one of the most widely utilized networks on the planet. As a result, a load cell has been utilised to periodically check the weight of the gas. Following that, the values are supplied into the microcontroller. If the gas in the cylinder reveals a value where the remaining percentage level is less than the threshold level specified for gas to be reported as being empty, an automated message will be sent to gas enterprise to book the replacement cylinder. Following that, the customer will receive a response message on the booking status. Meanwhile, in the gas sector, application software is being created to inform and record the booking. This work assists the society in particularly indicating gas leakage and also assists both clients and the agency in automatically booking gas utilizing the IOT approach. Gas leakage is a serious issue in the industrial sector, as well as in residential areas. Installing a gas leak detection kit in sensitive places is one of the preventive techniques for avoiding an incident caused by a gas leak. The purpose of this work is to present a system for detecting, alerting, and automatically controlling gas leaks. A gas sensor with a high sensitivity to gases such as propane and butane, as well as LPG, was employed in particular. After the LPG has been identified, an alert is activated. The gas leak detection system comprises of a IOT module that sends an message to the user.

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ARDUINO UNO, NODEMCU, GAS SENSOR, LOAD CELL

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A distributed implementation of Dang's Fixed Point algorithm is proposed for searching one Nash equilibrium of a finite n-person game in normal form. In this paper, the problem consists of two subproblems. One is changing the problem form to a mixed 0-1 linear programming form. This process is derived from applications of the properties of pure strategy and multi linear terms in the payoff function. The other subproblem is to solve the 0-1 linear programming generated in the former subproblem.

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NASH EQUILIBRIUM, Dang's Fixed Point algorithm

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This research paper provides an overview of the mutual fund industry in India, including its various aspects such as history, growth, types, advantages, and challenges. The mutual fund industry has experienced significant growth in recent years. Over a period of time it has been equipped with a diverse range of products and professional management. However, the industry faces many challenges such as lack of awareness, regulatory changes, market volatility, and lack of transparency. The paper concludes that the mutual fund professional or companies need to address these challenges and work towards increasing investor awareness and confidence to sustain the growth of the industry in the long term particularly in India.

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Investor awareness, Mutual Fund, Market volatility, Regulatory changes, Professional management.

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Since independence India is growing by adopting various initiations like five years plans, industrial revolutions, green revolution, new economic policy etc., which lift up India by socially and economically. But still after 75 years of its independence India is categorized as developing country and poverty is still prominent issue which play its despot role in hunger and malnutrition. Public expenditure made by the government on various development activities which results to declining rate of poverty in India but at the same time state wise poverty rate disparity is increasing continuously. Literature reviews found that distinction in public expenditure on development especially lack of invest in infrastructure, education and health among Indian states are the reasons behind this disparity. In this background, the present study is attempted to analyze status and state wise disparity of poverty in India. Further it studies the public expenditure on development expenditure especially on social service and economic activities. This study is purely based on secondary data, which collected by government reports, journal articles and employed average, percentage, coefficient of variation (CV) and GIS (Geographic Information System) to show the state wise disparity and analyzing the data. This study found out that India's poverty rate is declining and at the same time state wise disparity is increasing which is caused by the differentiate in public expenditure on developmental expenditure. It also found that northern states of India are categorized as highly poor states compared to southern states. Therefore, the study recommends that the government should spend money on social overheads and it should release poverty related data to prepare appropriate policy to alleviate poverty.

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Public Expenditure, Poverty, Interstate Disparity

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3D Animation video clips effectiveness is analyzed in this research. The main of the research is to study the impacts [positive and negative impacts] of 3D Animation clips among the media educators. The opinion survey method is adopted in this research. Three private University's media educators were selected randomly and the questionnaire was distributed through WhatsApp and Gmail. The opinion regarding the usage and effectiveness of 3D Animation clips on media education was tabulated and analyzed using statistical tools. This research clearly shows that there is a positive impact on teaching media studies among the undergraduate learners. Many of the media educators gives favorable opinion on teaching through 3D Animation clips. This research also shows that the awareness level about the use of 3D Animation clips on effective teaching is very low among the media educators in private Universities. This research shows that the implementation of 3D Animation way of teaching has been growing for the past five years in private universities. There is a wide scope present in the current media education scenario to adopt the new way of teaching methodology in Tamil Nadu. The review of other researchers' findings shows that there are possibilities to improve the current teaching methodology of media studies.

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3D Animation, Media educators, Teaching methodology, Positive impact, private university educational system

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition