Volume 14 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

The suspension system of an automobile plays a critical role in providing a smooth and comfortable ride while ensuring safety and stability. Traditional suspension systems commonly rely on mechanical springs for absorbing shocks and vibrations from the road. However, there is growing interest in springless suspension systems that utilize alternative technologies, such as bevel gears, for suspension and damping. This paper presents an exploration of the use of bevel gears in springless suspension systems for automobiles. The advantages and challenges of using bevel gears in place of traditional springs are discussed. Bevel gears offer a compact and lightweight solution, precise control over suspension characteristics, and potential reduction in complexity and maintenance requirements. However, challenges such as design complexities, durability and reliability issues, and increased cost need to be addressed. The principles of bevel gears and their application in suspension systems are reviewed, and the current state of research and development in this area is highlighted. The proposed approach and methodology for further investigation are discussed, emphasizing the significance of this concept in advancing the field of automotive suspension systems.

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 Keywords

Springless suspension, Wear, Bevel gears, Self-aligning, Comfortable ride, Damping

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Inventory management, automotive supply chain, JBM Auto Ltd, stock control, ANOVA, Chi-Square, Pearson correlation, ERP systems, warehouse operations, operational efficiency, Indian automobile industry.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In this paper, FuzzyDedup-Chain, a new unified framework, is presented to combine adaptive block-level deduplication, Fuzzy Identity-Based Encryption with Proxy Re-Encryption (Fuzzy IBE-PRE), and blockchain-based auditing to achieve better efficiency, security, and transparency of cloud data management. Conventional cloud systems find it hard to optimize storage, provide flexible access control and auditability akin to the impregnable qualities of the Tasers. In order to overcome these shortcomings, the given architecture proposes an Adaptive-Flat-Block-Deduplication (AFBD) mechanism that dynamically chooses the best block size to minimize redundancy without causing a high cryptographic overhead. It has a Selective-Re-Encryption (SR-PRE) mechanism to delegate access rights by re-encrypting only metadata reference not an entire data block, which greatly lowers the re-encryption latency. More so, a PoNR protocol-backed by a blockchain guarantees clear and verifiable reporting of deduplication efficiency without revealing plaintext content. The audit layer uses aggregate digital signatures; this allows scalability of storage events and verification that is tamper proof. The combination of these elements forms secure, efficient, and auditable cloud architecture that can handle the current threats, minimizes the cost of storage, and fine-grained access control. The suggested model can be regarded as a full-fledged solution to the next-generation cloud-based environments that require operational efficiency and solid security assurances.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cloud Security; Deduplication; Fuzzy Identity-Based Encryption; Proxy Re-Encryption; Blockchain Auditing; Data Sharing; Access Control; Aggregate Signatures; Proof-of-Non-Redundancy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is one of the most important fruit crops cultivated in Murshidabad district of West Bengal. However, its production is severely affected by a wide range of insect pests that damage different plant parts such as leaves, inflorescence, shoots, and fruits. The present study focuses on the diversity and nature of mango insect pests in Murshidabad district. Field surveys and literature-based analysis reveal that major pests include mango hopper, mealy bug, fruit fly, shoot gall psylla, stem borer, leaf webber, and stone weevil. These pests cause significant yield loss and deterioration in fruit quality. The study highlights pest diversity, damage symptoms, and ecological patterns, providing a basis for effective pest management strategies.

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 Keywords

Mango, Insect pests, Diversity, Murshidabad, West Bengal, Damage symptoms, Pest ecology

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 Abstract

The growing prevalence of stress, anxiety, and emotional dysregulation in contemporary society highlights the need for innovative approaches to mental well-being. Mindfulness has emerged as an effective psychological tool; however, its underlying mechanisms can be further understood through an interdisciplinary lens. This study explores a physics-based framework of mindfulness by integrating concepts such as rhythms, waves, vibrations, and resonance with neurophysiological and psychological processes. Drawing on secondary data from national mental health reports and empirical research, the study examines how rhythmic breathing, sound-based practices, and vibrational stimuli influence brain activity, heart rate variability, and emotional regulation. Findings indicate that synchronization of internal physiological rhythms through structured mindfulness practices contributes to reduced stress, improved attentional control, and enhanced psychological stability. The study proposes that a physics-informed model offers a scientifically grounded explanation of mind-body interactions and presents scalable, non-invasive strategies for promoting mental well-being in modern contexts.

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 Keywords

Mindfulness, Rhythms, Brainwaves, Vibrations, Mental Well-Being, Neurophysiology.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Skin diseases affect a large portion of the population worldwide, and it is very difficult to monitor and diagnose each and every skin condition accurately through manual clinical inspection alone. Traditional diagnosis methods depend heavily on dermatologist expertise, visual observation, and experience, making the process time-consuming, subjective, and prone to human error. This project addresses a new automated technique for detecting and identifying skin diseases using image processing and machine learning methods. Medical diagnosis quality assessment is an important task in healthcare systems, where early and accurate detection plays a vital role in effective treatment and patient care. In conventional healthcare environments, medical diagnosis procedures are partially automated through digital systems; however, the observation and classification of skin diseases are still largely performed manually. Human-based diagnosis depends on visual appraisal, experience, and interpretation skills, which may vary from one expert to another. Skin surfaces commonly suffer from various conditions such as acne, eczema, psoriasis, fungal infections, pigmentation disorders, and melanoma, which require precise identification and classification for proper treatment. The proposed system provides an automated and intelligent approach for skin disease detection using digital image processing techniques. The system acquires skin images, performs pre-processing to enhance image quality, segments the affected regions, and extracts relevant features such as color, texture, and shape. These features are then analyzed using machine learning classifiers to identify different skin diseases accurately. This approach enables consistent, precise, and frequent evaluation of skin conditions without continuous human intervention. The proposed system offers a reliable, cost-effective, and scalable solution for early diagnosis and medical decision support. It reduces dependency on manual inspection, improves diagnostic accuracy, and supports healthcare professionals in clinical decision-making. This automated framework is suitable for hospitals, clinics, rural healthcare centers, and telemedicine applications, providing an efficient platform for modern digital healthcare systems.

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 Keywords

Skin Disease Detection, Image Processing, Machine Learning, Fuzzy Logic Grading (FLG), Fuzzy Rules, Camera Based Image Processing Techniques, IR-Based Image Processing Techniques, Length And Width Feature Detection.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Meetings play a critical role in collaborative environments, yet capturing accurate records of discussions, decisions, and follow-up tasks remains a challenging and time-consuming process. Many existing automated meeting analysis systems depend on high-performance hardware or continuous cloud processing, limiting their usability in resourceconstrained settings. This paper presents a lightweight AI-driven framework for real-time meeting transcription and post-meeting analysis that operates efficiently without requiring high-end processors. The system continuously captures audio, generates live captions using an optimized speech recognition model, and incrementally stores meeting transcripts. Upon meeting completion, the framework automatically produces concise summaries and extracts structured action items and decisions through chunk-based natural language processing. By offloading computationally intensive language understanding tasks to external AI services while maintaining minimal local processing overhead, the proposed solution ensures scalability, efficiency, and practical deployment on low-resource devices. Experimental evaluation demonstrates reduced computational complexity while maintaining high transcription accuracy and structured insight extraction. The framework enables intelligent meeting assistance with minimal hardware dependency, making it suitable for academic and small-scale enterprise environments.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Real-Time Transcription, Lightweight AI, Meeting Analysis, Speech Recognition, Resource Optimization, Action Item Extraction.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Cricket is one of the most popular sports worldwide, and accurate decision-making is crucial for fair gameplay. Boundary detection plays a vital role in determining match outcomes; however, traditional methods rely heavily on human judgment, which can lead to errors and delays. This paper proposes a Smart Boundary Detection System using sensor-based technology to automate and enhance the accuracy of boundary decisions. The system utilizes sensors such as Infrared (IR) or Ultrasonic sensors placed along the boundary line, connected to a microcontroller like ESP32 or Arduino. When the ball crosses the boundary, the sensor detects the motion and sends a signal to the controller, which processes the data and generates an output in real-time. This approach reduces human intervention, increases accuracy, and provides faster decision-making. The proposed system is cost-effective, efficient, and can be implemented in both professional and local matches

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 Keywords

Boundary Detection, Cricket Technology, Sensors, IoT, Automation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In an increasingly globalized world, interactions among individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds are a routine part of life. Cultural Intelligence (CQ) refers to an individual's capability to understand, adapt to, and function effectively in culturally diverse settings. Happiness and psychological well-being are key indicators of a fulfilling life; however, individuals in intercultural contexts--such as international students, migrants, expatriates, and global professionals--often face challenges like cultural adjustment difficulties, communication barriers, and social isolation, which may negatively affect well-being. This study examines the relationship between Cultural Intelligence and happiness, focusing on its contribution to subjective well-being in multicultural environments. It investigates whether higher CQ is associated with greater happiness and life satisfaction, and identifies which dimensions--metacognitive, cognitive, motivational, and behavioural--are most influential. It also explores the moderating and mediating roles of empathy, social support, and demographic variables. A quantitative, survey-based design will be used with 150-200 participants engaged in culturally diverse interactions. Standardized instruments will measure Cultural Intelligence, happiness, and psychological well-being, with data analysed using correlation, regression, and moderation/mediation techniques. The study hypothesizes that higher Cultural Intelligence--particularly motivational and behavioural dimensions--is positively associated with greater happiness and may buffer the effects of cultural stress. The findings highlight CQ as a key psychological resource and offer implications for interventions in educational, organizational, and mental health settings.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cultural Intelligence (CQ), Happiness, Psychological Well-Being, Subjective Well-Being, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Multicultural Environments, Cross-Cultural Communication, Emotional Resilience

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In the Modern banking scenario Mobile banking services plays a vital role in, financial sector. The technological advancement has enabled the new method of banking services to the customer.Mobile banking is a term used for performing balance check, account transactions, payments etc.It can also be understood as availing banking and financial services with the help of mobile telecommunication devices. Mobile banking is often transacted by SMS hence it is called as SMS banking. This branchless banking has extended the distribution of more financial services. It has lot of advantages for bankers and customers and it helps to maintain good relations with their customers, it facilitates quick feedback and helps in customer retentions and customer loyalty. Customers feel ease while using mobile banking transaction as they have unlimited access to bank services, with the advancement of technology it helps to raise domestic savings, increase money transfer at low cost and less financial transaction costs, customers moved according to the technology because of their busy schedule of their work.During non availability of banking service in holidays they are moving towards the internet services and other outlets to transfer funds for their purpose..Mobile and online banking frees customers from the need to call into branches or it takes phone for most common transactions and enhances their lives in a small way.The internet and mobile phone two technological advancement that have profoundly affected human behaviour in the last decade have started to converge.Communication of banks with the customers helps the banker to sell the financial product. Customer can check account balances and various information about their account,they can view last 30 days transaction history,view the payment of interest by banks of different types of account, processing of cheque details, purchase made by credit cards etc.are the key features of mobile banking. .Therefore they want to save time and cost for operating banking activities. At the same time customer satisfaction are influenced by reliability, safety and other perceived benefits on adoption of this services..This study also wants to highlight the role of service providers on individual awareness and usefulness of mobile banking.The main aim of the study is to find the customer attitude towards the use of mobile banking services,because the customers of the banking industry changed their attitude from traditional banking operations to modern banking concepts such as mobile banking, internet banking etc.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Mobile banking, Technology, Financial products.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition