Volume 14 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

The pursuit of happiness and psychological well-being has become a central theme in modern psychology, particularly within the framework of positive psychology. Constructs such as flow, emotional intelligence, and life satisfaction are increasingly recognized as vital determinants of subjective well-being. Flow, introduced by Csikszentmihalyi (1990), refers to a state of deep immersion in an activity, characterized by intrinsic motivation, concentration, and a loss of self-consciousness. Emotional intelligence, popularized by Goleman (1995), encompasses the ability to perceive, regulate, and utilize emotions effectively, thereby influencing interpersonal relationships, academic performance, and coping strategies. Life satisfaction, as defined by Diener et al. (1985), is a cognitive evaluation of one's overall quality of life and is influenced by both internal and external factors. Although these constructs have been studied extensively in Western contexts, their combined influence on young adults in collectivist societies such as India remains underexplored. This study investigates the relationships among flow, emotional intelligence, and life satisfaction in Indian college students. Results revealed significant positive correlations between flow and emotional intelligence, and between emotional intelligence and life satisfaction. Regression analysis confirmed that emotional intelligence and flow jointly predict life satisfaction, though flow alone did not significantly correlate with life satisfaction. These findings highlight the importance of emotional regulation and optimal experience in enhancing subjective well-being, while also emphasizing cultural nuances in collectivist societies. The study contributes to cross-cultural psychology by demonstrating that emotional intelligence is a stronger predictor of life satisfaction than flow alone, suggesting that interventions aimed at improving emotional intelligence may be particularly effective in Indian educational contexts.

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 Keywords

Flow, Emotional Intelligence, Life Satisfaction, Positive Psychology, Well-being, Indian College students, Psychological Engagement, Ex-post facto Research Design, Cros-Cultural Psychology

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 Abstract

Cataract is one of the top reasons people lose their eyesight worldwide, yet it can be easily treated if found early. The real problem is that most people -- especially in villages and small towns -- do not have easy access to eye doctors. To help solve this, we built Cataract Hub, a desktop application that uses artificial intelligence to check whether an uploaded eye photograph shows signs of cataract. The system uses five deep learning models -- AlexNet, VGG16, ResNet18, DeepCNN, and DeepANN -- that all examine the same image and vote on the result. The final answer is decided by the majority vote, which makes the system much more reliable than relying on one model alone. Before analysis, the image goes through a seven-layer validation check to make sure it is a proper eye photo. Along with the Cataract or Normal verdict, the system also measures four clinical eye features, provides a three-level explanation for patients, doctors, and data scientists, and generates a full medical report using the LLaMA 3.3-70B large language model through the Groq API. Users can also chat with the built-in Medical AI assistant in English, Telugu, or Hindi. The entire system runs as a native desktop application built with Electron JS, making it practical and easy to install in clinics, hospitals, and health camps.

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 Keywords

Cataract Detection, Deep Learning, Ensemble Learning, Convolutional Neural Network, Eye Screening, Electron JS, LLaMA, Groq API, Gradio, PyTorch, Medical AI, Rural Healthcare.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In pharmacology, the route of administration is the pathway by which a medication is introduced into the body to achieve a therapeutic effect, patient compliance, and safety of medications. The choice of a specific route depends on the physical and chemical properties of the drug, the desired site of action (local or systemic), the condition of the patient (e.g., unconscious or vomiting), and the rapidity of the response required. This review classifies these routes into systemic and local categories, detailing their specific advantages, disadvantages, and recent advancements in delivery systems. Drug can be administered through multiple routes such as oral, parenteral, topical, inhalation, and transdermal pathways, each having distinct advantages and limitations. Selection of an appropriate route depends on various factors including the physicochemical properties of the drug, desired onset and duration of action, patient condition, and clinical settings.

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 Keywords

Drug Administration Routes; Drug Delivery Systems; Pharmacokinetics; Bioavailability; First-Pass Effect; Administration, Oral; Administration, Sublingual; Administration, Buccal; Administration, Rectal; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Administration, Inhalation; Administration, Transdermal; Nanoparticles; Liposomes; Patient Compliance.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The objective of this study is to get to an idea and estimation about the implementation of sus-tainability certification standards projects on the financial presentation of tea factories located in Galle region Sri Lanka. The key focus of implementation of the Sustainable Standards schemes are the improvement of the economic, social and business performance of the industry that they are implemented. The study was done through an evaluation of financial status of tea factories operated under Sri Lanka Tea Board in Galle region, Sri Lanka where the sustainability certifica-tion has been seen at different scopes. The effects of these implementation of standards were measured through the assessment the following specific financial performance indicators: Re-turn on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Return on Sales (ROS), Return on Investment (ROI), Profits and sales performances. The research consists of both qualitative and quantitative methods which are focused on ensuring that an adequate number of figures were collected to conduct the analysis. The study methodology embraced for this research is a descriptive analy-sis among 50 sustainable certified tea factories in Galle region. Statistics collection was both primary (Questionnaire, Interviews, key figures) and some secondary data (company data on financial performance indicators) collection methods. Data was statistically analyzed using SPSS statistical tools version 23 for the quantitative data (Pearson Chi-Square test, Correlation and regression) and analyzed qualitative data using Microsoft excel.

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 Keywords

Voluntary Sustainable standards, financial performance, ROA, ROE, ROS

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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There are so many challenges and issues in Social and Humanities Science . It includes poverty, inequality( economically and gender), regional disparities, unemployment, corruption, religion and caste disputes, militant, climate change, mental health, drugs, smoking, drinking, pollution etc. Recently a big social challenge is arising. That is cyber crime. The major reason behind this is digital payments. Digital payments have made life easy. No need to keep cash . But this time it has become more challenges. In this paper SWOT analysis is discussed. A digital payment, sometimes called an electronic payment, is the transfer of value from one payment account to another using a digital device or channel. This definition may include payments made with bank transfers, mobile money, QR codes, and payment instruments such as credit, debit, and prepaid cards. Internet Banking, also known as Net Banking, allows customers of banks and financial institutions to make financial transactions through various digital payment modes like NEFT, RTGS, and IMPS. For an online payment to happen, both the customer and the merchant must have bank accounts, access to online banking, and a device to make the payment. Additionally, they need to be registered with a payment intermediary, such as a bank or a service provider. For example if you purchase something from your local grocery store and choose to pay via any other payment method (Mobile payment apps, banking cards ,Unstructured Supplementary Service Data(USSD), Aadhaar Enabled Payment System (AEPS), Unified Payments Interface (UPI), Internet Banking ,Mobile Banking etc.) that also is a digital payment.

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 Keywords

Digital Payments, Internet Banking, India, cyber crime, customers, banks, financial institutions

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study explores the cultural significance of folk art among the Reang (Bru) community of Tripura, with particular focus on textile weaving, bamboo craft, ornaments, music, and dance. Drawing on fieldwork conducted in Kanchancherra village in Dhalai District, along with earlier observations and informal interviews, the research highlights how these art forms are deeply embedded in everyday life and identity rather than functioning as separate, purely aesthetic traditions. Weaving remains a central expression of Reang womanhood, and the rignai and risa are still worn with pride. While older women maintain traditional black-and-white designs, younger women increasingly adopt brighter colours and new patterns, reflecting both continuity and subtle change. Bamboo crafts such as baskets and mats continue to serve domestic, agricultural, and ritual purposes, though their everyday use is declining due to the availability of cheaper industrial alternatives. Ornaments retain cultural value, especially during festivals, but the shift from silver to aluminium and other metals signals changing economic conditions and evolving gender roles. Music and dance, particularly Hojagiri, remain vibrant and widely performed, supported by schools and cultural programmes. However, knowledge transmission is increasingly fragile as younger generations balance education, migration, and shifting aspirations. The study suggests that community-led initiatives, school-based cultural activities, and market-linked craft support could strengthen continuity while allowing creativity and adaptation. The findings emphasise that preserving Reang folk art is not only about safeguarding craft techniques but also about sustaining cultural identity, social memory, and community pride.

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 Keywords

Bru community; rignai; risa; bamboo craft; cultural identity; Tripura.

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With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence and generative technologies, the rise of deepfake audio and video has become a major concern for digital security, branding authenticity, and misinformation prevention. This project presents an automated system capable of detecting deep fake audio and video using advanced AI and Deep Learning techniques. The system analyzes facial expressions, lip synchronization, voice patterns, and spectral audio features to identify inconsistencies typical found in manipulated media. Deep Learning models such as CNNs and Transformer-based architectures are utilized for recognizing subtle manipulation artifacts.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Deepfake Detection, Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning, CNN, LSTM, Misinformation Prevention, Digital Security.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Paytm has a large user base in India and plays an important role in the digital payments ecosystem. The platform has more than 333 million registered users and over 100 million monthly active users, showing its widespread adoption across the country. In the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) ecosystem, Paytm holds around 7-9% of the market share, making it one of the major digital payment applications in India, although platforms like PhonePe and Google Pay have a larger share. Paytm is widely used for mobile recharges, bill payments, online shopping, and merchant payments. Its growing user base and merchant network highlight the increasing acceptance of digital payments in India.

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Key Words: Paytm, digital payment platform, transfer cash

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Retail businesses throughout the world, especially regional textile retailing, have been significantly influenced by the digital transformation. This study focuses on how Kanyakumari District's (KK District) textile retail marketing can be improved through digital transformation. The study analyzes the usage of digital tools like social media, e-commerce, and digital payments using primary data gathered from consumers and textile retailers. The outcomes show that digital transformation boosts sales performance, broadens the market, and enhances consumer engagement. However, issues including a lack of technical expertise and infrastructure constraints continue to exist. Recommendations to increase textile retailers' usage of digital technology are included in the study's conclusion.

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Key words: Retail Marketing, Digital innovations, Traditional techniques.

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 Abstract

Attendance monitoring is an essential requirement in educational institutions to maintain discipline and performance records. Traditional manual systems are error-prone, while biometric systems often involve higher costs and longer processing times. This paper proposes an IoT cloud-integrated automated attendance system for enhanced security and accuracy. Each student carries an RFID tag that is scanned by the RFID reader to mark attendance. To prevent proxy usage of RFID cards, the system incorporates a camera module that captures the image of the individual during scanning, enabling cross- verification. The attendance data is stored in a real-time cloud database, allowing instant access for report generation and analysis. The system also sends notifications to the parents of individual students regarding their attendance status and features a web interface to track attendance changes on a date-by-date basis. This solution reduces manual effort, improves reliability, enables real-time monitoring, and provides efficient, secure, and transparent attendance management suitable for schools, colleges, and other organizations.

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 Keywords

IoT, Cloud-Integrated Attendance System, RFID, Real-Time Database, Notification Service, Web Interface.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition