Volume 13 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

The proposed system delivers an all-in-one solution for the accurate detection and treatment of plant diseases. It leverages advanced image processing to examine plant images and precisely identify a wide range of plant ailments. By integrating real-time weather data, the system also accounts for environmental factors that may influence plant health. Upon identifying a disease, the system provides comprehensive details about the condition, including its symptoms, underlying causes, and effective treatment strategies. It also recommends appropriate pesticides, offers usage instructions, and provides links for convenient online purchasing. This holistic approach enables users to manage plant health proactively and reduce the risk of further damage.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Precision agriculture, multi-model system, crop recommendation, plant disease detection.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

: Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems in developing countries like India face challenges in security, scalability, and data integrity. This paper proposes a blockchain-based framework to enhance EHR systems with secure, tamper-proof data storage. The framework ensures privacy-preserving authentication and controlled access to patient records. Doctors can generate and store health data securely in the system. Blockchain's transparency and immutability help build trust in healthcare data management. This approach offers a scalable and reliable solution for modernizing EHR systems

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Electronic Health Records (EHR) , Blockchain Technology, Data Privacy , Decentralized Storage , Access Control , Smart Contracts

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Despite constitutional and legal safeguards, atrocities against Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) continue to be widespread in India. This paper provides a comprehensive examination of the constitutional provisions, statutory frameworks, and case law that address atrocities against these marginalized communities. The analysis highlights the challenges in implementation, the role of key legal provisions, and the need for reforms to ensure effective justice. In doing so, it underscores the persistent gaps between legal safeguards and ground-level realities.

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Legal Framework and Constitutional Safeguards Against Atrocities on Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) in India: A Critical Analysis

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

As the global shift toward cleaner energy accelerates, the adoption of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES)--which integrate solar photovoltaics (PV), wind power, thermal generators, and battery energy storage systems (BESS)--has become increasingly prevalent. One of the foremost challenges in managing these systems lies in optimizing their operation amid variable weather patterns and fluctuating energy demand, particularly across different seasons. This review provides an in-depth exploration of optimal power flow (OPF) strategies for HRES, focusing on advanced optimization techniques such as Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The study also highlights the complementary role of demand response (DR) in improving system adaptability and cost-effectiveness. The operational value of BESS is underscored in applications like energy arbitrage, peak demand management, and renewable energy stabilization during periods of intermittency. Furthermore, the review discusses the application of simulation platforms like MATLAB/Simulink to model and analyze real-time control scenarios. Results from reviewed studies demonstrate that integrating intelligent control algorithms for coordinating renewable and conventional sources significantly enhances system performance, improves reliability, and lowers operational expenses.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Hybrid Renewable Energy System, Battery Energy Storage System, Optimal Power Flow, Mixed-Integer Linear Programming, Particle Swarm Optimization, Seasonal Variation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The effectiveness of grounding systems is vital for electrical safety, especially when facing earth fault incidents. This research explores how urban and rural grounding configurations respond differently to single line-to-ground faults by Ensuring modeling two distinct types: grid-based systems for urban setups and rod-based systems for rural ones. The simulations incorporate variable factors such as soil resistivity, electrode layout, and spacing. Results show that urban installations benefiting from well-structured grounding grids and lower soil resistivity demonstrate better control over fault energy and provide safer voltage levels during faults. In contrast, rural systems often suffer from elevated soil resistivity and minimalistic designs due to budget limitations, resulting in higher ground resistance and increased safety concerns. This study stresses the importance of adaptive grounding strategies, particularly for rural settings, and showcases how simulation tools can guide safer, more efficient grounding practices tailored to environmental and infrastructural needs.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Grounding system, Earthing, Urban vs. rural installation, Electrical safety, MATLAB Simulation, Earth fault Simulation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Innovative multimetallic nanoparticles (NPs), comprising two or more metals arranged in alloy or core-shell configurations, have gained considerable attention for their distinctive functionalities. The synergistic interplay between various metals enhances their multifunctionality and efficacy. With the growing need for versatile and efficient nanoparticle agents, multimetallic NPs are particularly gaining popularity. These integrate various functional materials to achieve tailored size, structure and multiple functionalities. Compared to monometallic counterparts, bimetallic and trimetallic NPs often demonstrate improved chemical, optical, biomedical applications due to the synergistic effects. These applications span various medical fields such as antibacterial treatments, anticancer therapies, biological imaging and drug delivery. This review presents a focused look at bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) and trimetallic nanoparticles (TNPs) synthesised from plant extract and their biomedical applications--antimicrobial, anticancer, wound healing and diabetes management--showing significant feature enhancements over monometallic nanoparticles and other current biomedical nanomaterials.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Green synthesis, plant-based synthesis, bimetallic nanoparticles, trimetallic nanoparticles, bio medical applications

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Muslims of Kerala adopted several visual art forms from folk culture, Hinduism and other religions and sects. They adopt it and make suitable changes. Of the several art forms of Kerala, popular among the Muslims are: Kolkali, Vattakali, Parichamuttu Kali, Qisa Patt, Jinn Padappatt and Oppana. Kolkali is widespread in Kerala. It is related to Kalarippayattu. It is a folk art performance in Kerala. It begins with the holy prayer and praises God (Allah). Most of the time, the number of performers are under sixteen. The dance performers move in a circle, striking small sticks and keeping rhythm with special steps. The circle expands and contracts as the dance progresses. The accompanying music gradually rises in pitch and the dance reaches its climax. Participants wear different costumes unlike the Hindus and there is no traditional lamp in the middle. Many of the body postures, choreography and foot work of the Kolkali characters are taken directly from Kalarippayattu. The origin of the art can be traced back to ancient days when Kalarippayattu. Both primary and secondary data are used for the study. Qualitative analysis as used as the methodology of the study. In the present scenario the folk culture is coming back to the above said community in new style, that's why the present study is significant in its nature.

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 Keywords

Kolkali, Oppana, Kalaripayattu,Thadavu, Qiza

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine and examine the main determinants that impact Surat city investors' choice of broking company for stock market investments. In order to customize their services and tactics to draw in and keep investors, broking firms must have a thorough understanding of these characteristics. The study will look at several topics, including as trading platforms, brokerage fees, research and advisory services, customer service, the firm's reputation and dependability, the range of investment products it offers, technical developments, and regulatory compliance. 100 respondents made up the study's sample size, and the results were obtained using a descriptive research approach. This study will offer important insights into the decision-making processes of Surat investors regarding the selection of broking businesses by investigating their preferences and attitudes. Broking firms in the area will be able to better understand investor needs and improve their competitive posture in the market thanks to the findings. In the end, this research advances our knowledge of investor behavior in relation to stock market involvement in a particular region.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Investors, Broking firm, Stock market investments, Factors influencing, Surat

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Body lotion is a type of skincare product formulated with a light weight, lotion like consistency, provide hydration soothing, moisturizing. The project aims to formulate a transition body lotion using red clover as the active ingredient for various skin concerns, with a particular focus on dry skin, including that experienced by transgender individuals, especially those undergoing hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and the general population. The main objective was to formulate a multifunctional skin care product which offers moisturizing. The lotion was prepared by using red clover and aloe vera and hyaluronic acid and other ingredients in specific quantities. Incorporating formulation was done by aqueous extract of red clover, aloe vera, snail mucin, and glycerin into oil phase of shea butter, emulsifying wax, almond oil. Four formulations were prepared by varying the concentration of the ingredients. The formulations were evaluated for organoleptic properties, pH, irritancy, spreadability, viscosity to ensure product quality and consistency. The formulation F4 was found to be the best among the four preparations as it shows better spreadability and consistency. The result demonstrated the successful development of a topical body lotion with a uniform red clover have ideal pH, good spread ability, smooth texture. The findings suggest that the developed body lotion to be a stable, safe, effective skin care products which can deliver multiple benefits. The developed formulations hold promise as a natural, effective and high-quality addition to skin care routines. Further research and clinical studies are required to explore the efficacy and safety of the formulation in larger population.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Transition lotion, Transgender, Red clover, Aloe vera, Dry skin, Hyaluronic acid

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Skin conditions are prevalent around the globe and attributed to factors such as infections, allergies, heredity, and environment. Early detection is important but normally delayed because of the inefficiency by conventional diagnostic techniques such as biopsies, since they are costly and intrusive in nature. In this paper, a computerized diagnostic system for the diagnosis of skin conditions based on the combination of machine learning and deep learning techniques has been suggested. The model employs skin image to make diagnoses effectively and efficiently, providing real-time diagnosis and precautions. The model has been trained on the HAM10000 dataset and employs Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) along with Python libraries like TensorFlow and Keras. The suggested approach intends to minimize dependence on human diagnosis, thereby enabling detection of skin diseases to be quicker, more accessible, and cost-effective, particularly for remote or underserved populations.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Automated Diagnosis, Medical Image Processing, Convolutional Neural Networks, Image Classification.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition