Volume 14 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

FrameForge is a website that helps photographers and cinematographers manage their work and share it with others. It is a project that uses React for the parts you see Node.js for the behind the scenes work and SQLite to store all the information. FrameForge has some useful features like a way to upload your photos and videos in a organized way a calendar to keep track of events links to share your photos, with others and a way to download all your photos at once. The system also uses a cloud storage system called Amazon S3 which helps handle all the photos and videos and makes sure everything runs smoothly. FrameForge wants to be the one place where photographers and cinematographers can manage their work and talk to their clients.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Photography, Client Management, Portfolio System, Flask, React, Web Application, Cloud Storage

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Audio surveillance systems that already exist largely focus on recognizing abnormal/odd sounding noises such as gunshots, explosions & other similar unwanted noise patterns. However, most real-world threats start with people's aggressive tones of voice when they speak directly to someone, or when they communicate planning statements (example: "'give me the money") to coerce another person to give what they want, or when they are screaming out of fear. Current systems do not identify or track these spoken indicators & as a result can't detect when someone may potentially be in danger until after violence occurs. This proposed system, named VoiceGuard, will provide real-time detection of threatening speech by analysing tone, aggression, emotional indicators and other contextual hints within raw audio data. The VoiceGuard system utilizes YAMNet as its primary means of generating feature embeddings for analysis and leverages a deep neural network classifier algorithm to differentiate speech that is classified as threatening from speech that is not threatening. The dataset used to develop & test this algorithm consisted of more than 3600 audio samples from a variety of sources, including custom recordings performed specifically for testing use of threatening phrases & datasets of emotional speech samples (i.e., RAVDESS, CREMA-D) & samples from various types of physically safe environments. The system achieved approximately (90%) Accuracy & (95%) Recall when detecting whether a given clip of audio contained threatening speech, which exceeds the performance of existing systems that are built using traditional MFCC/SVM based systems and that typically only identify non-verbal anomalies. Therefore, VoiceGuard provides contextual analysis of threatened speech and will be useful in settings such as: banks, public spaces and emergency monitoring systems.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Audio Surveillance, Threat Speech Detection, Deep Neural Network, YAMNet, Real-Time Audio Classification. Aggression Detection, Security Monitoring

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Pocket money is an important factor in students' lifestyles, as it significantly influences their social interactions and status among peers within educational institutions. A review of research papers focusing on the expenditure patterns of pocket money among children aged 6-16 years was conducted. The studies carried out in India, Ghana, the United States, and France during the period 1999-2021 were analyzed. The results revealed that family environment, peer influence, gender, and self-control have a positive and significant effect on the management of pocket money among students. Furthermore, the proportion of children receiving pocket money increases steadily with age.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Expenditure, Pocket, Money and Children

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Placement preparation has become increasingly complex due to rising global competition, rapidly evolving job market requirements, and fragmented learning ecosystems. Modern students are expected to simultaneously develop expertise in data structures, algorithms, aptitude reasoning, system design, communication skills, and behavioral interview competencies. Traditional learning platforms are often isolated, static, and lack personalization, resulting in inefficient preparation cycles. This paper presents PrepGenius, an AI-integrated full-stack intelligent placement preparation platform designed to unify multiple learning and assessment modules into a single adaptive ecosystem. The system leverages the MERN stack (MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, Node.js) integrated with Artificial Intelligence (AI), Natural Language Processing (NLP), and recommendation systems to provide a personalized learning experience. PrepGenius includes AI-driven modules such as automated mock interviews, intelligent resume evaluation (ATS scoring), adaptive quiz generation, career roadmap generation, and performance analytics dashboards. The system dynamically adapts difficulty levels and content recommendations based on user engagement patterns and performance history. Experimental analysis demonstrates that the system significantly improves learner engagement and preparation efficiency while maintaining fast and responsive interactions, making it suitable for real-time educational applications in modern placement preparation systems.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, MERN Stack, Natural Language Processing, Placement Preparation System, Adaptive Learning, Intelligent Tutoring System, Resume Parsing, ATS Scoring, Mock Interview Simulation, Recommendation Engine, Educational Data Mining, Career Guidance Systems.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The introduction of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in India in 2017 marked a major structural reform aimed at creating a unified indirect tax system. India's GST structure is a unified, multi-tiered indirect tax system designed to simplify and harmonize taxation across the country. This article examines the impact of GST on the Ease of Doing Business (EoDB) in Rajasthan, focusing on key dimensions such as tax simplification, compliance burden, digitalization, and business competitiveness. While GST has contributed to formalization, transparency, and efficiency, challenges remain, particularly for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The study concludes that GST has had a mixed but progressively positive impact on EoDB in Rajasthan.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

GST, one nation one tax, category, compliance, EoDB

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The development of advanced materials for high-temperature and high-load applications has become increasingly critical in nuclear reactor inspection systems. Robotic vehicles operating inside reactor vessels require superior traction, thermal stability, and wear resistance under extreme environmental conditions. This study investigates the fabrication and characterization of elastomer-based polymer nanocomposites designed for enhancing frictional performance in robotic wheel linings. Fluorocarbon rubber (FKM) was selected as the base elastomer due to its excellent thermal and chemical resistance and was reinforced with Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) and Nano Graphene Platelets (NGPs). The nanocomposites were fabricated using a two-roll mill blending process followed by compression molding and vulcanization. Characterization was conducted using X-ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy. Tribological properties were evaluated using a pin-on-disc apparatus. The results demonstrate a significant enhancement in friction and wear resistance, with graphene-reinforced composites exhibiting superior performance. The study confirms that nanoparticle reinforcement is an effective approach for improving elastomer performance in extreme environments.

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Fluorocarbon elastomer; Polymer nanocomposites; Carbon nanotubes; Graphene nanoplatelets; Tribological performance

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: India has become one of the world's fastest-growing renewable energy markets, fueled by ambitious national targets, supportive policy measures, and abundant solar, wind, and bioenergy resources. India's dedication to a low emission future is demonstrated through key initiatives such as the National Solar Mission. However, range of techno-economic, market, and institutional Challenges continue to impede the development and large scale adoption of renewable technologies. Despite their current limited contribution to electricity generation, renewable hold strong potential to adapt to emerging economic, environmental, and sustainability challenges. This paper analyzes the evolution, present status, and future outlook of renewable energy in India. It analyses trends in installed capacity, regional adoption patterns, policy frameworks and sectoral challenges during 2014 to 2024. Through data-driven insights and visualizations, the study highlights India's ongoing transformation toward a more sustainable and resilient energy mix.

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Keywords: Renewable Energy, Sustainable Development, Policy Framework.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Scabies, known as Jarab in the Unani (Greco-Arabic) system of medicine, is a persistent and highly contagious skin infestation that remains a significant global health burden, particularly in resource-limited and overcrowded environments. This integrative review synthesizes classical Unani medical doctrines with modern dermatological findings to provide a comprehensive understanding of the disease's etiopathogenesis. Historically, Unani scholars such as Rabban al-Tabri, Al-Razi, and Ibn Sina provided remarkably detailed descriptions of Jarab, identifying it as a manifestation of humoral imbalance, specifically the corruption of blood (Fasade Dam) and the accumulation of morbid humors (Khilt-e-Raddi). Notably, 10th-century Unani physicians like Ahmad bin Mohd Tabri were among the first to document the parasitic nature of the disease, describing a "lice-like" insect as the causative agent centuries before its official recognition in Western medicine. This paper critically analyzes the Unani classification of Jarab based on humoral dominance and morphological presentation, categorizing it into humid (Ratab), dry (Yabis), and other variants and explores the physiological parallels between the traditional concept of "heat in blood" (Hiddat-e-Dam) and the contemporary immunological understanding of Type-IV delayed hypersensitivity. Furthermore, the review evaluates the therapeutic efficacy of traditional blood purifiers (Musaffiyat-e-Dam) and topical herbo-mineral formulations containing sulfur and neem. By integrating historical development, conceptual depth, and modern therapeutic challenges such as emerging drug resistance, this review advocates for a holistic, integrative approach to managing this neglected tropical disease.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Scabies, Jarab, Unani Medicine, Humoral Theory, Sarcoptes scabiei, Fasade Dam

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The exponential accumulation of digital documentation across professional domains has rendered manual information retrieval both impractical and error to prone. Cloud-based question-answering (QA) solutions, while capable, raise significant concerns regarding data confidentiality, unpredictable hallucinated outputs, and reliance on continuous internet access. This paper introduces InsightDoc, a locally executed, privacy-centric document QA framework that couples Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) retrieval with a locally hosted, lightweight large language model (LLM) to generate answers strictly from user-supplied PDF documents. The proposed architecture operates entirely offline by deploying the Qwen 1.8B language model through the Ollama runtime environment. The system extracts and normalizes textual content from PDFs, partitions it into sentence-bounded chunks, constructs a TF-IDF sparse index, retrieves the most contextually relevant passages via cosine similarity, and delivers the assembled evidence to the LLM for grounded answer generation. Evaluation on a 50-question benchmark yields a retrieval Precision@5 of 0.76, an F1 Score of 0.73, and a mean retrieval latency well below 0.2 seconds, with zero observed hallucinations. InsightDoc provides a practical and resource-efficient baseline for offline document QA, ensuring verifiable data sovereignty.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), TF-IDF Vectorization, Local Large Language Model, Document Question Answering, Cosine Similarity, Information Retrieval, Ollama, Privacy-Preserving AI.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Sushruta is venerated as the primordial surgeon who pioneered reconstructive and aesthetic procedures, earning the epithet "Father of Plastic Surgery." His magnum opus, the Sushruta Samhita, remains the most comprehensive surgical compendium in Ayurveda, meticulously delineating practical operative techniques. Conceived as a didactic manual, it was intended to guide physicians in delivering holistic patient care. Equally eminent, Acharya Charaka endorsed Shalya Tantra--the surgical discipline--for conditions necessitating urgent intervention, such as Bhagandara (fistula), Arsha (hemorrhoids), and Mudhgarbha (obstructed labor). The surgical armamentarium described in Ayurvedic treatises was ingeniously fashioned from organic materials including timber, lithic implements, broad foliage, and arboreal branches. A distinctive convention was the christening of instruments after fauna and avian species, a nomenclatural practice that persists in modern surgical taxonomy. Rigorous Yogya (preparatory training) was mandated for apprentices prior to undertaking actual operations. The Sushruta Samhita furnishes exhaustive expositions on surgical classifications, instrumentation, suturing methodologies, ligatures (Bandhana), protocols of informed consent, and the establishment of operative theatres (Shalyagar). Remarkably, these principles continue to resonate as foundational standards in contemporary surgical practice.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Mudhagarbha, Shalyagar, Bandhana

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition