Volume 13 | Issue 5 |

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Samajik Paridrishya Me Mahilaya : Kal Aur Aaj

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Samajik Paridrishya Me Mahilaya : Kal Aur Aaj

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The prevalence of kidney stones (Urolithiasis) is affecting 12% of world population at the age of 20-30 years and it happens more frequently in men than women, but now a day's kidney stones are found in young children's at the age of 5 years also and their main cause is not drinking enough fluids and high intake of ultra-processed foods. To highlight the properties of Kalanchoe pinnata as herbal remedy for kidney stones. Tridax procumbens is a typical medicinal herb that is generally found in India as a weed and pest plant. It is classified as part of the Asteraceae family and is commonly referred to as Coat Button, Kansari (Hindi), or Ghamara (local language). The most valuable medicament utilized for the manufacturing of compounds described in Ayurvedic literature is Tridax procumbens. Kalanchoe pinnata has significant ability to dissolve (calcium oxalate) that is most common element in forming stones in urinary tract and also carry lots of phytochemicals such as flavonoids, quercitrin, glycosides, carotenoids, saponin, kamferol and alkaloids. These flavonoids prevent forming of CaOx crystal and calcium oxalate deposition in renal tubules. Kalanchoe pinnata plant extract also reduces the size of calcium oxalate stone and has treatment and preventive action in urolithiasis. Pedalium murex (L.) is a traditional herb, commonly used for the treatment of kidney stone related problems. Struvite stone can swiftly grow and become 'staghorn calculi' in kidney and its associated areas, which is the most aching urological disorder. The present study investigated the anti-urolithiasis activities of ethyl acetate extract of P. murex L. (EAEP) against struvite crystaOrange juice, researchers found, boosted the levels of citrate in the urine and reduced the crystallization of uric acid and calcium oxalate, but lemonade did not increase the levels of citrate.

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Kidney stone,Tridax procumbens,Pedalium murex,kalanchoe Pinnate,sour orange ,Natural flavonoid,Microemulsion

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Literature employs a variety of tools for exploring the hidden nature of ambiguity, providing different understandings of the same text. One such tool is the "Psychoanalytic Theory", aimed at understanding the writer's mindset and primarily the character's inner self. The study of the Human Psyche done by various psychoanalysts, Freud, Jung, Lacan, der Kolk, McFarlane, and more, is of great importance in understanding the 'Conscious' and 'Subconscious'. Freud focused on the divisions more in terms of dream interpretation while, the three orders of Lacan, collective unconsciousness and archetypes of Jungian Psychology, must have paved the way for de Kolk and McFarlane's Black Hole of Trauma, all leading to the fact that human is not the centre of the world, but his mind. While the novel "When the River Sleeps" (2014) by 'Eastrine Kire' has been abundantly looked upon with the perspectives of Ecocriticism, Magical Realism, Gothic literature and other viewpoints, psychoanalytic criticism of the same is scarce. Kire has not only transported her readers to the remote regions of Nagaland full of enchantments and mysteries but also vividly explored the power of the human mind, from repression to hysteria, which governs his life and future. The protagonist 'Vilie', his dreams, and his journey provide an understanding of one such realm with other supporting characters and concepts like Ate, Zote, Weretiger, Sleeping River, and Heart-Stone. This reflects the excellent imagination and craftsmanship of the author with some typical archetypes but uncommon derivation of the mind.

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Psychoanalysis, Easterine Kire, Weretiger, Unconscious, Dream, Heart-Stone, Sleeping River, Vilie, Trauma

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In the modern digital era, social media platforms have become pivotal in fostering communication and the exchange of ideas. However, this growth has also led to an increase in the propagation of harmful content, such as cyber hate--offensive and derogatory language aimed at individuals or groups based on attributes like race, gender, religion, or nationality. Detecting and mitigating such hate speech is crucial for ensuring a safer and more respectful online environment. In this project, we propose a fine-tuned BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) model to detect cyber hate. BERT, a pre-trained deep learning model based on transformers, allows for contextualized understanding of text, capturing the subtleties of human language, including the nuanced and context-sensitive nature of hate speech. Our system classifies user-generated content from social media, focusing on enhancing detection accuracy and efficiency. By fine-tuning BERT with a labelled cyberbullying dataset, we aim to distinguish hate speech from benign content with high precision. The project also addresses challenges related to the complexity of online language, where hateful speech may be disguised with sarcasm, slang, or coded terms. Through this implementation, we offer a real-time solution for detecting cyber hate, contributing to safer, more inclusive digital platforms

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Cyber Hate, NLP, BERT, Transformer, Hate Speech Detection, Deep Learning, Social Media, Text Classification

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Heat exchangers are the thermal devices responsible for effective heat transfer amidst two fluids with distinct temperatures .Shell and tube heat exchangers (STHX) are most popularly known in thermal power plant, process industries and in different chemical processes .It is very much important for the practising engineers to understand its thermal analysis ,design and construction .The STHX is quite suitable at high pressure and high temperature .The present research explains a methodological approach for thermal and mechanical design of a steam condenser used in a thermal power plant .The thermal design includes the mathematical determination of mean temperature difference ,no of tubes ,overall heat transfer coefficient ,heat transfer area and the mechanical design involves the computation of shell parameters, baffle design and its configuration. The design procedure follows TEMA .A suitable algorithm has been developed for thermal analysis, mechanical design and computing different performance parameters of heat exchanger.

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STHX, TEMA, MATLAB, FLOWCHART, BAFFLES, OHTC

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In a global economy increasingly focused on sustainability, distribution channels must evolve to balance ecological responsibility with operational performance. This study conceptually examines strategies for managing distribution channels in a sustainable manner, emphasizing enhanced efficiency. The paper assesses how these strategies improve delivery speed, cost-effectiveness, and environmental outcomes, while identifying implementation challenges and future opportunities.

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Sustainable Channel Management, Distribution Efficiency, Green Logistics, Circular Supply Chains, IoT, Stakeholder Collaboration, Reverse Logistics

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Hemorrhoidal disease, particularly Grade III and IV internal hemorrhoids, poses significant therapeutic challenges when conservative measures fail. This case report details the surgical management of a patient with Grade IV hemorrhoids refractory to medical therapy. An open hemorrhoidectomy was performed with successful clinical outcomes. The case underscores the efficacy of open hemorrhoidectomy in advanced hemorrhoidal disease and highlights the importance of appropriate patient selection and perioperative management.

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: Hemorrhoids, Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy, Grade IV, conservative therapy failure, surgical management

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Polycystic Ovarian disease is a one of the most prevalent endocrine system conditions conditions affecting women of reproductive age. It usually starts during adolescence, but symptoms may fluctuate over time. The study was conducted by using quantitative research approach with one group pre- test and post-test research design was adopted for this study. The study was co nducted in Lord Mahavira Nursing College Nalagarh, Distt. Solan. Convenience sampling technique was used to select a 60 sample who fulfil the inclusive criteria. The structured knowledge questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian diseases. 5 - Point Likert scale was used to assess the level of attitude regarding polycystic ovarian diseases among young adulthood. The study findings revealed that paired "t" value for knowledge was (8.13) for attitude was (14.23) which was significant at p < 0.05. The findings revealed that after structured teaching programme the majority of participants gained knowledge and had favorable attitude regarding polycystic ovarian disease.

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Keywords: Polycystic ovarian disease, Structured teaching programme, Effectiveness, Young adulthood, Knowledge, Attitude.

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Abstract: The genesis of European Drama dates back to the ancient Greece of 5th century BCE. It is commonly believed that Greece is the land of early Dramatic effervescence followed by Rome during 3rd BCE. Drama was the popular pastime of the people of ancient Greece and Rome and it was deeply associated with their culture. In ancient Greece and Rome plays were enacted primarily during festive occasions to honor their deities, retell their myths, legends and historical events to the public and above all to showcase the artistic talents of the land. Sophocles, Seneca, Platus and Aristophanes were the veteran of classical European Drama. During Medieval period Liturgical dramas, Mystery plays and Morality plays were in vogue. Coming to Renaissance drama, William Shakespeare is the key figure but his dramas are all about royal themes and characters. During first half 19the century drama continued to adopt the traditional style. However, with the advent of Henrik Ibsen, the Norwegian dramatist in the late 19th century, the face of European drama took a different turn. He delved into the varied human problems and their psychological nuances in a realistic manner. Instead of portraying royal themes in a grandiose manner accompanied by classical theatricalities, he tried to challenge the shallow social norms and depicted the human struggle to keep pace with life, sometimes terribly feeling upset, sometimes getting frustrated and alienated. In fact, Ibsen's innovative approach to realism propelled the birth modern European drama. This paper focuses on the new wave that Henric Ibsen's brought to European drama through the two plays the Ghosts and A Doll's House. Key words: Effervescence, Renaissance, Psychological, Alienated, Propelled

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Key words: Effervescence, Renaissance, Psychological, Alienated, Propelled

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The exponential growth of digital imagery necessitates efficient compression techniques to optimize storage and transmission without compromising visual fidelity. This study presents a software functionality verification of image compression utilizing the discrete cosine transform (DCT), a method renowned for its energy compaction and frequency domain representation capabilities. The proposed approach involves segmenting images into fixed-sized blocks, applying the DCT to convert spatial pixel values into frequency coefficients, followed by quantization and entropy encoding to achieve significant data reduction. to evaluate the effectiveness of the compression, metrics such as Peak Signal -to - Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Mean Squared Error (MSE) are employed, providing quantitative measures of image quality post- compression. This implementation underscores the practicality of DCT- based compression in software applications, offering a balance between compression efficiency and image integrity.

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JPEG Compression, Quantization, Image Quality Metrics, Mean Square Error(MSE), Peak Signal To Noise Ratio(PSNR), Compression Ratio, Lossy Image Compression

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