Volume 14 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

AskSQL is an AI-powered Text-to-SQL system that enables users to interact with relational databases using natural language queries. The system eliminates the need for SQL knowledge by converting user input into executable SQL statements using a locally hosted Large Language Model through Ollama. It follows an agentic pipeline consisting of schema retrieval, SQL generation, validation, execution, and explanation. Security is ensured by allowing only SELECT queries and blocking harmful operations. The system operates fully offline, ensuring privacy, reduced cost, and faster response time. Experimental results demonstrate accurate query generation and efficient performance.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Text-to-SQL, LLM, Ollama, PostgreSQL, FastAPI, NLP

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Zahir-ud-Din Muhammad Babur (1483-1530), a Central Asian prince of Timurid descent, is best known as the founder of the Mughal Empire in India. Before seizing Hindust?n (as he called the Indian subcontinent), Babur spent his youth fighting to hold or regain his ancestral lands in Fergh?n? and Samarkand. Eventually driven out by the rise of the Uzbek Shaibanids, he conquered Kabul in 1504 and reigned there for two decades. In 1526, Babur defeated the Delhi Sultan Ibrahim Lodi at Panipat and established himself as ruler of northern India. Throughout these tumultuous campaigns, Babur kept a detailed diary in his native Chagatai Turki language. This memoir, later known as the Baburnama (or Tuzk-e-Babri), offers an intimate first-person narrative of his life and conquests, including vivid observations on India. Translated into English by Beveridge in the early 20th century, the Baburnama remains an invaluable primary source for understanding the man behind the conquests and his perceptions of the newly conquered land. Babur's account of Hindust?n is especially intriguing as a foreign outsider's lens on India during the early 16th century. Unlike indigenous chronicles, the Baburnama provides a candid, if heavily biased, commentary by a Central Asian Muslim king looking upon Indian society, geography, and polity with fresh eyes. This study examines Babur's perception of India as documented in the Baburnama, with a particular focus on how he justified the conquest and portrayed the land and its inhabitants. We will analyze Babur's own words to understand his motivations for invading Hindustan, his descriptive "idea of Hindustan" (both its beauties and defects), and the religious-racial ideology under-girding his narrative. We will also assess how Babur depicts his Indian adversaries (Lodi Afghans, Rajput kings, etc.) and consider what is omitted or glossed over in his telling. We shall arrive at an informed assessment of Babur's personality and ideological orientation as revealed in the Baburnama, and reflect on what his view of "Hindustan" tells us about the nature of conquest, memory-making, and power in early modern Asia.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Babur; Baburnama; Tuzk-e-Babri; Mughal Empire; Beveridge; Medieval History

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Mandala art is a type of art which is mostly made in circular form using patterns. It has been used from a long time in Indian and Buddhist culture. Earlier it had more spiritual meaning but now it is also used in design and fashion. In this paper I am writing about what mandala art is, where it comes from and how it is used today. It also includes how it helps in relaxation and focus.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Mandala art, circular patterns, symmetry, traditional art, meditation, design, patterns

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

BACKGROUND: Women with Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause often face multiple problems such as vaginal dryness, irritation, reduced lubrication, loss of elasticity, pain during intercourse, and urinary symptoms like urgency and frequency. This can lead to discomfort in daily activities, reduced confidence, and poor quality of life. The aim of the study was to find the effect of combined pelvic floor and hip muscle strengthening on vaginal health and quality of life among women with genitourinary syndrome of menopause. METHODOLOGY: It was an experimental study which includes 20 random samples. The subjects were divided into two groups (A and B), with each group consisting of 10 samples. Group A received pelvic floor muscle strengthening along with hip muscle strengthening exercises for 2 sessions per week for 6 weeks. Group B received regular physiotherapy management for 2 sessions per week for 6 weeks. OUTCOME MEASURE: Vaginal health was measured using the Vaginal Health Index (VHI), and quality of life was assessed using the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MENQOL). RESULT: On comparing the mean values of Group-A and Group-B on Vaginal Health Index (VHI) and Menopause Quality of Life (MENQOL), both groups showed a highly significant improvement in the post-test mean values. However, GROUP-A shows higher mean value in VHI (21.45) and MENQOL (56.80), indicating better improvement and is more effective than GROUP-B (13.30, 99.90) at P <= 0.001. Hence, the null hypothesis is rejected. CONCLUSION: The present study concludes that both GROUP-A and GROUP-B showed improvement in Vaginal Health Index (VHI) and Menopause Quality of Life (MENQOL). However, Group-A showed greater improvement compared to Group-B. Thus, combined pelvic floor and hip muscle strengthening is more effective.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Menopause, pelvic floor muscle, hip muscle, quality of life, Vaginal health

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) has emerged as a critical discipline shaping how people engage with digital technologies in an increasingly interconnected world. This paper examines the multifaceted role of HCI in modern software systems, exploring how effective interface design, usability principles, and user-centered methodologies directly influence system adoption, productivity, and user satisfaction. Through systematic analysis of established HCI frameworks, contemporary design paradigms, and empirical case studies across diverse application domains, this research identifies core principles that distinguish successful interactive systems from those that fail to meet user needs. The study investigates fundamental HCI concepts including cognitive load theory, affordance design, feedback mechanisms, accessibility standards, and responsive interface adaptation. Findings demonstrate that organizations prioritizing HCI principles during software development achieve measurably higher user engagement, reduced training costs, lower error rates, and improved task completion times compared to systems developed without systematic user-centered design. The paper concludes with practical recommendations for integrating HCI practices into software development lifecycles and identifies emerging trends including voice interfaces, gesture recognition, augmented reality, and adaptive AI-driven personalization as the next frontier of human-computer interaction.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Human-Computer Interaction, User Interface Design, Usability, User Experience, Accessibility, Cognitive Load, User-Centered Design, Interaction Design, Interface Evaluation, HCI Principles.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Food bank plays a crucial role in addressing hunger and supporting needy population. This research presents the design and implementation of ShareBite, a web-based application. It acts as a bridge between surplus food sources and with those who can distribute it or need it. It has a dual feature system that provides access to both donors and receivers. This app-based application includes several key technical features that make food donation simple and fast. One of the most important parts is the location tracker. This tool calculates the exact distance and travel time between the person giving the food and the one receiving the food. There is a social impact dashboard within the app. This section visually demonstrates the positive impact that the platform provides. It demonstrates the number of meals donated and people who have been helped.. By using these real-time tools, Share Bite removes the common delays in food rescue. This project proves that using simple digital tools can help communities work together much better to fight hunger.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Donor-Receiver Platform, Location tracker, calculates the exact distance

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Justicia wynaadensis, frequently referred to as "Maddu Thoppu" or the "Medicinal Leaf" within the Western Ghats region, serves as a vital ethnomedicinal shrub. It is traditionally ingested for its health benefits, especially during the monsoon period in Coorg, Karnataka. This review offers a thorough examination of its botanical traits, folklore applications, phytochemical makeup, and contemporary pharmacological uses. From a botanical perspective, the species is recognized for its characteristic purple extract and specific morphological markers within the Acanthaceae family. Chemical analyses indicate a diverse array of bioactive constituents, such as phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and key minerals, which underpin its medicinal value. Recent studies emphasize its significant antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and cholesterol-lowering effects, providing empirical support for its traditional role in regulating blood pressure and lipid levels. This paper consolidates existing data to highlight the species' promise as a foundation for new phytopharmaceuticals and natural food dyes, while also pinpointing essential areas for future clinical trials and commercial development.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Justicia wynaadensis; Phytochemical constituents; Acanthaceae; purple coloured extract.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract Anandamath by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay is one of the most significant literary texts associated with the rise of Indian nationalism during the colonial period. This paper examines the concept of cultural nationalism in the novel and analyzes how Bankim constructs the idea of the nation through religion, mythology, sacrifice, and collective identity. Set against the backdrop of the Sanyasi Rebellion, Anandamath transforms historical events into a symbolic narrative of national awakening. The study explores the representation of Bharat Mata as a divine mother figure and the role of the hymn "Vande Mataram" in creating emotional and spiritual attachment to the nation. It further discusses the portrayal of ascetic warriors whose dedication and self-sacrifice reflect the ideal nationalist spirit. The paper also investigates the relationship between Hindu cultural symbolism and anti-colonial consciousness in the novel. While Anandamath inspired patriotic feelings and contributed significantly to nationalist discourse in India, the paper critically evaluates its limitations, particularly its reliance on Hindu imagery and its exclusionary implications for non-Hindu communities. Through textual analysis and critical interpretation, the study argues that Bankim's cultural nationalism played a foundational role in shaping Indian nationalist imagination while simultaneously generating debates about religion, identity, and inclusiveness in modern India.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cultural Nationalism; Indian Nationalism; Bharat Mata; Vande Mataram; Colonialism

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The research examines the potential impact of adopting biophilic design concepts in creating spatial experiences in the setting of educational learning spaces, with a specific focus on design institutes. Contemporary learning spaces have been noted to lack natural aspects in their designs, resulting in uncomfortable environments, increased stress among learners, and low productivity. Through the use of a systematic methodology involving an extensive literature review, analysis of case studies, assessment of user experience, and evaluation of NIF Global Nagpur premises, it was established that certain environmental elements such as lighting, ventilation, and vegetation are instrumental in improving user experiences and comfort. The study then provides interpretations of the results to develop suggestions for spatial improvements in context. Findings from the study suggest that even small interventions that consider the aspects of biophilic design principles may have a positive effect on user experiences by increasing comfort and fostering creativity.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Biophilic Design, Studio-Based Learning, Spatial Quality, Green Integration, Ventilation, User Experience.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Terracotta is among the ancient building materials known to mankind since time immemorial, having been used in pottery, floors, roofs, walls, and decorative elements. Although terracotta is an old but relevant architectural material, it is mostly sidelined in contemporary interior designs due to its preference for industrialized materials such as vitrified tiles, laminates, engineered wood, and artificial wall finishes. This study revisits terracotta as a relevant, sustainable, and adaptive material for current interior uses. This study considers terracotta from historical, material, perceptual, case-study, and application viewpoints, paying attention to its thermal properties, tactile feel, sustainability aspects, artisan value, and spatial experiences. Terracotta is also evaluated as a material that could be explored further as a module of tiles, acoustic panels, partitions, feature walls, lighting solutions, and furniture pieces. From findings, terracotta demonstrates high climatic adaptability and visual warmth qualities, in addition to numerous sustainability strengths. Nevertheless, maintenance Challenges, lack of knowledge, and outdated perceptions are some of the factors that restrict the extensive use of terracotta.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Terracotta, Sustainable Interiors, Clay Material, Contemporary Design, Natural Finishes, Interior Applications.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition