Volume 13 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

The role of banks in enabling access to finance for small businesses is central to the broader objective of financial inclusion in India. The paper identifies how factors such as lack of collateral, weak financial literacy, and limited awareness of formal schemes hinder the loan process. Based on a sample of 50 businesses, the findings call for reforms in loan processing, education, and personalized banking. This research paper explores how banks support small business loans in India. Small businesses are vital for economic growth, but they face significant hurdles while seeking financial assistance from banks. A survey of 50 small business owners revealed that collateral demands, limited financial knowledge, and low awareness of government schemes are major barriers. However, strong bank relationships and financial literacy improve loan approval chances. The paper recommends simplifying procedures, promoting government schemes, and offering financial education to empower small businesses. Small businesses contribute to both urban and rural employment in India, making them critical to inclusive economic development. However, the accessibility and suitability of credit systems for these enterprises remain questionable. Understanding the bank's limitations and how to bridge the financial inclusion gap is necessary to empower MSMEs.

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 Keywords

Small Business Loans, Banking Sector, MSMEs, Collateral, MUDRA Scheme, CGTMSE, Financial Literacy, Credit Rationing, Loan Approval.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Purpose - This article aims to project the impact of Artificial Intelligence on Forensic Accounting in the field of education and the magnitude of AI in incorporating Forensic Accounting practices. Design/Methodology/Approach - This article uses Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to provide a comprehensive analysis of literature pertaining to Forensic Accounting. Findings - Educational institutions find it difficult to incorporate Forensic Accounting Course due to expertise gaps and interdisciplinary challenges, while AI enhances fraud detection by analyzing large datasets. Consequently, AI and forensic accounting skills are vital for auditors, and reviews confirm their efficacy in fraud prevention and detection Originality/Value - In accordance with the published literatures it is obvious that numerous studies have been conducted in analyzing the effect of Artificial Intelligence on Forensic Accounting.

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 Keywords

Keywords - Forensic Accounting, Artificial Intelligence, Fraud detection, Fraud prevention.

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We present Solace, a novel web-based platform for mental well-being support that integrates artificial intelligence (AI) for automated screening and personalized assistance. Solace employs a random forest classifier to detect the presence and severity of stress, anxiety, and depression, a rule-based recommender to suggest targeted self-assessment questions, and an NLTK-driven rule-based chatbot using keyword recognition and predefined responses. We report multi-label (presence/absence of each condition) and multi-class (severity levels) performance metrics (accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score) for our model, which demonstrates robust detection capabilities, achieving ?68-72% accuracy for multi-class severity classification (Table I). We discuss privacy safeguards, explainable design (using feature importance analysis), and ethical considerations in AI-driven mental health applications. Our results, along with user feedback, underscore Solace's novelty in combining predictive screening, personalized recommendations, and conversational support. The practical impact lies in scalable, accessible mental health assistance that complements clinical care.

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 Keywords

Mental well-being, artificial intelligence, machine learning, stress, anxiety, depression, chatbot, recommender systems.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The role of feminism in contemporary literature serves as a critical lens through which gender, power, and identity are questioned, redefined, and explored. Feminism, in its various forms, challenges patriarchal structures, offering a platform for marginalized voices and questioning the traditional roles assigned to women in both literature and society. This paper attempts to investigate the dynamic intersection between feminist theory and contemporary literature, examining how modern authors utilize feminist frameworks to depict complex female characters, critique social injustices, and deals with of gender inequality, sexual autonomy, and agency. The line through examination works the of contemporary writers such as Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's Americana, Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale, and Roxane Gay's Bad Feminist, this study will delve into how feminist themes, such as the deconstruction of traditional gender roles, intersectionality, and the empowerment of women, permeate contemporary narratives. Through close readings of these texts, the paper will assess how feminist discourse shapes the representation of women's lived experiences, challenges hegemonic ideals, and provides a space for previously silenced voices, particularly those of women of color, LGBTQ+ individuals, and other marginalized groups. Furthermore, the paper will examine the impact of feminist literature on the broader cultural and social landscape, considering how these works contribute to conversations about gender equality, women's rights, and social justice. It will also explore the ways in which contemporary literature offers a form of resistance to dominant ideologies and provides a platform for both personal and collective empowerment. In addition to exploring the successes of feminist representation in literature, the study will critically engage with the limitations and contradictions that arise within feminist discourse. For instance, while feminist literature often challenges patriarchal norms, it may also inadvertently reinforce certain stereotypes or fail to address the intersectional realities faced by women from diverse backgrounds. By acknowledging these complexities, the paper will argue that feminist literature, it does also come with certain drawbacks or negative consequences, continues to be a transformative force in moulding both the literary canon and the societal discourse around gender, identity, and equality. This paper ultimately seeks to illuminate the profound and ongoing impact of feminism on contemporary literature, highlighting its reevaluating not only in redefining literary traditions but also in inspiring social change and shaping the way we think about gender and power in the modern world.

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 Keywords

Primary Keywords: Feminism Contemporary Literature Gender Inequality Patriarchy Female Agency Feminist Theory Social Justice Intersectionality Empowerment Identity ? Secondary Keywords (supporting concepts and authors): Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Americanah Margaret Atwood The Handmaid's Tale Roxane Gay Bad Feminist Representation of Women LGBTQ+ Literature Marginalized Voices Deconstruction o

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This study investigates how gamification affects learning results and student motivation in online and hybrid learning settings. The research emphasizes how gamified instructional design--with features like points, badges, leaderboards, and instant feedback--can improve learners' autonomy, competence, and engagement. It does this by drawing on empirical studies and theoretical frameworks, especially Self-Determination Theory (SDT). Two groups were compared using a quasi-experimental methodology: one group received traditional training, while the other group participated in gamified learning activities. Interactive digital learning was facilitated through the use of tools like Kahoot!, Quizlet, and Duolingo. To evaluate how learner performance had changed, pre- and post-tests were administered. The gamified group's motivation, engagement, and conceptual understanding all significantly improved, according to the results.The study highlights the significance of careful and long-term implementation by taking into account the possible negative effects of badly designed gamification, such as elevated pressure and shallow engagement. The results indicate that gamification is a successful pedagogical approach for improving digital learning when game features are purposefully incorporated with curriculum objectives. To guarantee long-term efficacy in a variety of educational contexts, this review ends by promoting more flexible, learner-centered gamified techniques that complement upcoming educational technologies like AI and VR.

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 Keywords

Gamification, Learner-centred gamified techniques, Kahoot, ClassDojo, MinecraftEdu

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In light of the quick increase in mental health concerns, alongside academic stressors, social problems, and in the last couple of years global disasters, there is now a need for digital interventions over more traditional forms of therapy. This survey will look at the contribution of machine learning in the domain of mental health interventions through user customized support, predictive/feedback, and engaging evidence-based modalities. This survey will examine current practices, empirical patterns of mental health information, and emergent practices around sentiment analysis and anomaly detection. This survey will also demonstrate avenues for a holistic roadmap for researchers and developers to create better and more efficient scalable mental health provisions, with application of contemporary empirical research, combined with information facts, with consideration for ethical concerns about data matters and clinical effectiveness.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Mental Health, Machine Learning, Personalized support, Digital Health, Customized Support.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Like several other regions in the world, out-migration has become a worrying trend for rural and hilly areas of the Himalayan state of Uttarakhand in India; this has resulted in village out-migration, agricultural decline, and increased pressure on urban centers. The research indicates different infrastructural challenges coupled with the environment to be the main factors influencing the resident's decision to migrate. From a policy perspective, enhancing educational and healthcare services, along with other local economy spending aimed at reducing out-migration, will help in curbing the problem. Additionally, this research also indicates out-migration to be influenced mainly by employment, educational, and healthcare opportunities, requiring an integrated regional perspective toward managing migration.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Uttarakhand, Out-Migration, Hilly Regions

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain represents a significant global health burden, frequently leading to chronic conditions such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Although nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like Diclofenac Sodium are commonly prescribed for the management of MSK pain, conventional oral dosage forms are associated with limitations including delayed onset of action, low bioavailability due to first-pass metabolism, and poor patient compliance particularly among geriatric, pediatric, and dysphagic populations. This study aims to develop and evaluate fast dissolving tablets (FDTs) of Diclofenac Sodium, leveraging their potential to offer rapid disintegration in the oral cavity and enhanced systemic absorption via pre-gastric pathways. Tablets were formulated via direct compression using various super disintegrants, including Crospovidone, Croscarmellose Sodium, and Sodium Starch Glycolate. The formulations were subjected to comprehensive physicochemical characterization, including pre-compression (angle of repose, bulk density) and post-compression evaluations (hardness, friability, disintegration time, drug content, and in vitro dissolution studies). The optimized formulation demonstrated superior disintegration (<=30 seconds), improved dissolution rate, and acceptable mechanical integrity. These findings confirm the feasibility of FDTs as an alternative drug delivery system for Diclofenac Sodium, providing enhanced bioavailability, rapid therapeutic onset, and improved patient adherence. In conclusion, the developed FDTs represent a promising strategy for the effective management of musculoskeletal disorders, offering clinical advantages over conventional dosage forms through improved pharmacokinetic and patient-centric profiles.

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 Keywords

FDT, NSAIDs, Musculoskeletal, Anti- inflammatory

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study investigates consumer satisfaction with digital payments in online and offline impulse purchases in Himachal Pradesh. Consumer satisfaction, a critical determinant of loyalty and behavioural outcomes, is influenced by multiple factors, including service efficiency, product quality, and grievance redressal. The analysis was conducted using a self-structured questionnaire rated on a 5-point Likert scale. A Paired T-test was applied to assess the difference in satisfaction levels between online and offline purchases. Results indicate a statistically significant higher satisfaction in online impulse purchases (mean = 4.03) compared to offline (mean = 3.73), with a mean difference of 0.307 (p < 0.05). Additionally, satisfaction was categorised into low, moderate, and high levels based on the mean and standard deviation of scores. The majority of respondents exhibited moderate satisfaction for both online (71.56%) and offline (72.00%) purchases, while fewer respondents reported high satisfaction levels. The findings confirm that digital payments contribute more positively to satisfaction in online settings, leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis. These insights underscore the need for improving offline digital payment experiences to enhance overall consumer contentment.

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 Keywords

Impulsive buying behaviour, Digital Payments, satisfaction level, impulse purchases

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

MDR&XDR-TB, Structured teaching program, Health workers

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition