Volume 13 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

The integration of new technologies, such as automated systems for milk collection, telecommunications and computer technologies (ICT), blockchain technology for traceability, AI for herd management, and renewable energy sources, enhances the efficiency, sustainability, and transparency of dairy cooperatives in developing countries such as India, thus improving the lives of people in rural areas (FAO, 2019; NDDB, 2020). This paper seeks to tackle how digitalization and new technologies, like AI and blockchain, are transforming processes throughout the value chain, including but not limited to, the collection and processing of milk to the actual supply chain and customer relationship systems in dairy cooperatives. In addition, the paper examines the policy frameworks that subsidize the National Digital Livestock Mission. The role of the NDDB, other stakeholders, and government programs, including e-GOPALA, on policy and institutional support (Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, 2021) toward digital conversion is discussed. Startups and the private sector foster innovation through entrepreneurship which increases technological access everywhere. Moreover, gaps in adoption across regions are examined, using examples from more developed provinces such as Gujarat and Karnataka. In-depth analysis of the literature reveals challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, stubbornness to adopt new approaches, unavailability of skillful workers, region-based customization, and long-term sustainability planning. Case studies from India (Amul, Milma, COMFED, KMF) and global examples (Kenya Dairy Board, Netherlands, New Zealand) illustrate notable lessons and benchmarks. The review synthesizes literature from various sources to argue that adopting environment-friendly technologies will help advance dairy cooperatives. Focusing on closing the digital gap, improving the certified training framework, and enabling farmers school makes innovation work for development. It increases income for rural areas and helps in overall rural development. This document is aimed at the policymakers of the dairy sector, cooperative managers, scholars, and practitioners engaged in development work in the sector and have an interest in exploring technologies for equitable development in the cooperative dairy industry.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Dairy cooperatives, Technology adoption, ICT, AI, Milk supply chain, Rural development, Sustainable agriculture, Women empowerment, Digital tools

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This research presents a novel integration of Mid-Infrared (MIR) spectroscopy and machine learning models to predict essential soil nutrients. Traditional soil testing methods are slow, expensive, and rely heavily on physical sampling. This study leverages MIR spectral data and regression models including Random Forest and XGBoost to accurately estimate nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) content in soil. Spectral data is preprocessed, features extracted, and the models evaluated using standard regression metrics. The results confirm the feasibility of this technique for real-time, cost-effective, and accurate nutrient prediction.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Soil Nutrients, MIR Spectroscopy, Machine Learning, Regression Models, Smart Agriculture, Feature Extraction

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Osteoporosis is a chronic disease that is characterized by a loss of bone density, which mainly affects the microstructure of the bones due to a decrease in bone mass, thereby making them more fragile and susceptible to fractures. The intricate balance of bone remodeling, influenced by hormonal changes, aging, genetics, nutritional deficiencies, and lifestyle factors, plays a pivotal role in the development of osteoporosis. While the condition often progresses silently, leading to fragility fractures, understanding its symptoms, such as back pain, height loss, and fractures, is crucial for early detection. Osteoporosis increases the risk of fracture in our elderly population and increases morbidity. Here, we present a case of osteoporosis with a fracture diagnosed in clinical settings. A 67 years old female patient was admitted in Multispeciality hospital due to dull aching pain in her lower back for the past 6 months and she had hypertension for past 12 years and on investigation, she was diagnosed with Osteoporosis by DEXA scan. After starting the therapy her vitals become normal level and she retained consciousness. On the fifth day she was discharged with the instructions regarding the medications to be followed up.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Osteoporosis, Alendronate, Patient Counselling

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Timetable creation in educational institutions involves coordinating subjects, teachers, and classrooms. Traditional methods are slow, error-prone, and hard to update. This paper presents an AI-powered automatic timetable generator that automates and optimizes the process. Using artificial intelligence, the system creates conflict-free schedules by considering teacher availability, subject priorities, room capacity, and institutional policies. It quickly adapts to changes like teacher absences or room unavailability, reducing disruption and administrative workload. The system has a simple interface that allows administrators to input preferences, view timetables, and make adjustments. Its flexible design makes it suitable for various educational institutions. In conclusion, the AI-powered timetable generator offers an efficient solution to scheduling challenges, saving time, reducing errors, and improving organization.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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timetable,automatic,AI-powered

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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DevStream is an emerging web-based ecosystem that reimagines how software professionals share knowledge, collaborate, and monetise expertise through live video. Unlike general-purpose broadcasters such as Twitch or YouTube, DevStream is engineered from the ground up for technical content: live coding, architectural walkthroughs, and peer-to-peer debugging. The platform combines low-latency RTMP ingestion (via OBS or comparable encoders) with adaptive HLS playback delivered from a Vercel-hosted, Next.js front end. A MySQL-backed data layer coordinates user profiles, access control, and real time metrics, while a dedicated WebSocket gateway sustains sub-second chat and Q&A exchanges. Beyond baseline streaming, DevStream introduces three differentiating capabilities. First, a superchat mechanism enables viewers to highlight critical questions or sponsor sessions, providing creators with an immediate revenue stream. Second, integrated collaborative coding panes allow presenters to co-edit snippets or run interactive demos without leaving the broadcast window, encouraging hands-on learning. Third, a lightweight reporting and analytics console aggregates engagement statistics--view duration, chat sentiment, and donation trends--giving streamers actionable insight into audience behaviour. To surface relevant sessions in an ever-growing catalogue, DevStream deploys a transformer-based recommendation engine that weighs code-language tags, historical attendance, and interaction patterns to curate personalised playlists. Security considerations include token-based authentication, TLS-encrypted media delivery, and rate-limiting to mitigate abuse. Early load tests demonstrate the architecture can sustain 1 000 concurrent viewers per stream with start-up delays below two seconds. This paper details the system design, implementation trade-offs, and obstacles--ranging from synchronising video and chat at scale to ensuring transactional integrity for donations. We conclude by outlining how DevStream could lower the barrier to continuous developer education, foster niche expert communities, and open new monetisation avenues for technically focused content creators.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Developer-Centric Streaming, Live Coding, Next.js, RTMP + HLS Streaming, WebSocket Communication, MySQL + MongoDB, Clerk Authentication, Real-Time Chat, Collaborative Code Editing, AI Recommendation Engine, Cloud-Native Architecture, OBS Studio Integration, Edge CDN Delivery, Educational Live Streaming

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Pulp and paper mill effluent waste contained significant amount of cadmium, mercury and lead much more than prescribed limit by Pollution Control Board is deadly toxic. The effluent of this industry is discharged into River Nagavali without any biological treatment. The effluent mixed river water is used for irrigation into crop fields contained significant amount of cadmium. The cadmium metal is absorbed by both target and non-target live systems inhabiting in the crop fields. The cyanobacterium (BGA) selected is an inhabitant of the crop fields, which fixes atmospheric nitrogen and acts as a biofertilizer suffers the most. The present study aims at understanding the impact of cadmium on the growth and pigment content of the blue-green alga under laboratory controlled conditions. The alga absorbed significant amount of cadmium from the crop fields. The growth of the alga significantly reduced at lethal concentrations. However at maximum allowable concentration, no impact was noticed. The pigments like total chlorophyll, total pheophytin content and carotenoid content significantly depleted at higher concentrations of cadmium chloride except at sub-lethal concentration where either no impact or little stimulation was noticed. The study indicated dual impact of cadmium chloride indicating no harm at sub-lethal concentration and inhibition at higher concentration.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Pulp & Paper mill, effluent, cadmium, cyanobacterium, BGA, growth, pigment

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Rice husk and rice husk ash are recognized as abundant and sustainable silica sources due to their significant silica composition and accessibility. The present review synthesizes recent developments in extraction methodologies including acid leaching, alkali treatment, and pyrolysis, and considers the impact of processing conditions on the purity and structures of the silica obtained. Applications pertaining to cement composites, adsorption of heavy metals, and nanomaterials are considered as well. This review aims to provide a concise overview of current methods, challenges, and future possibilities for rice husk-based silica.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Rice husk ash, silica extraction, acid leaching, sustainable materials.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Music is as old as human history. Music appeared in human history at the beginning of the development of civilization. Forest and cave people started searching for melodious sounds even before the creation of specific languages. Through the practice of thousands of ages, melodious sounds and simple language found their place in primitive music. But with the development of civilization, a ruling class emerged among people. In the urge for supremacy of that ruling class, the people were united, separated and spread to different towns. The nature worship of people grew up in different religious believes. As a result of that religious belief, various folk tales were born. Since ancient times, the influence of various folk tales can be seen in the entire alluvial land of Bengal. The history of this folk tradition of Bengal is thousands of years old. In ancient Bengal, the western part of Bengal is known as the land of Rarh. Various genres of music have been prevalent in this Rarh region since ancient times. e Even in the midst of cultural division due to different religious influence, one style survives in its own glory without taking sides with any religious division. That style, completely free from influence, is called Hapu Gaan. Hapu Gaan is the writing of the colored hearts of the exploited and oppressed people of the society. However, despite being a part of folk culture, Hapu Gaan silently represents the neglected genre of modern songs. Not only that, this song contains the use of body instruments what makes this form of misoc unique in it self. This paper will discuss about different aspects of Hapu songs elaborately.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Hapu Gaan, folk music, nomadic culture, music, restoration

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In the rapidly evolving digital era, businesses and individuals increasingly rely on AI-powered tools to process and analyze diverse data types. This paper presents Nexora AI, an all-in-one intelligent platform designed to unify the processing of text, code, image, audio, and video using advanced artificial intelligence. The platform aims to simplify workflows, automate repetitive tasks, enable real-time insights, and support intelligent decision-making across domains. With a modular architecture, seamless integration, and scalable infrastructure, Nexora AI delivers robust AI functionalities--ranging from natural language processing to computer vision and speech recognition--within a unified user experience. This research explores the design, implementation, capabilities, and real-world applications of the platform, emphasizing its role in accelerating digital transformation and enhancing operational efficiency.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence(AI), All-in-One Platform, Multimodal AI, Content Generation, Image Generation, Video Generation, Speech Processing, SaaS, Intelligent Workflow

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The intensification of environmental issues, social accountability, and a growing demand for transparency and ethical management have spurred the growth and development of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) investing in global financial markets. Recently, investors have shifted their focus from purely financial gains to encompassing non-financial elements such as environmental sustainability, corporate governance, and social equity, which they now perceive as vital to their socially responsible investment choices. As a result, ESG investing has evolved into a significant avenue for corresponding financial strategies with long-term sustainability objectives. In this landscape, mutual funds linked to ESG criteria have become increasingly popular worldwide, serving as an investment option that combines both financial returns and socially responsible investment opportunities. This study addresses this issue by focusing on short-term (quarterly) performance and growth analysis of selected ESG-linked mutual funds in India. The core objective is to evaluate whether ESG parameters contribute to improved risk-adjusted returns and fund growth. Using NAV, AUM, and Sharpe Ratio as key metrics.. The study is based on a purposive sample of eight ESG-linked mutual funds and applies statistical tools such as descriptive analysis, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression to derive meaningful insights. The results reinforce the conclusion that short-term growth in NAV and AUM does not directly determine fund performance in ESG-linked mutual funds. Overall, the findings suggest that ESG branding alone does not ensure better risk-adjusted returns and that fund-specific characteristics, investment strategies, and market responsiveness are likely more crucial in driving fund performance

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

ESG- Themed Mutual Funds, Green Investing, Socially Responsible Investing, AUM, NAV

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition