Volume 13 | Issue 6 |

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Index Terms - precision, UV- spectroscopy, wavelength, lumefantrine, validation

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Entrepreneurship is fundamental to any nation's economic growth, employment generation, and innovation. In democratic societies like India, governance structures significantly influence the entrepreneurial ecosystem by shaping policies, providing regulatory frameworks, and ensuring institutional support. The Indian government has launched various policy interventions such as Startup India, Digital India, Make in India, and Atmanirbhar Bharat to support entrepreneurship. However, challenges such as bureaucratic delays, access to capital, and policy implementation gaps persist. This paper explores how democratic governance influences entrepreneurial growth in India, focusing on policy interventions, their effectiveness, and areas that require reform. The findings indicate that while democratic governance provides a structured and transparent business environment, it also poses regulatory challenges that affect business scalability. Through a content analysis research approach, this study assesses the impact of government initiatives, regulatory frameworks, and financial accessibility on India's entrepreneurial landscape. The paper emphasizes the need for sustained policy consistency, enhanced financial support mechanisms, and improved public-private partnerships to ensure long-term entrepreneurial success. By addressing these areas, democratic governance can further strengthen India's position as a global entrepreneurial hub.

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Keywords: Democratic Governance, Entrepreneurship, Policy Interventions, Economic Growth

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Chromatography is an essential separation method for high-purity samples of food, earth, water, and medications. One well-known technique in the production of biopharmaceuticals that is essential to attaining superior separation and purification is preparative chromatography [1]. It is a potent analytical method for separating, identifying, and measuring a mixture's constituent parts. The method separates the components of a sample according to their affinities for the stationary and mobile phases by interacting the sample with both. It has been widely used in many different industries, including as environmental monitoring, biotechnology, and medicines. The development of preparative chromatography has historically involved time consuming and material-intensive laboratory research [2, 3]. Manual operations, however, are laborious, time-consuming, and prone to human mistake [4]. To satisfy the present expectations of efficient and personalized pharmaceutical manufacturing within shorter development periods, more approaches are required [5]. AI is a young field that focuses on using computer systems to solve problems by running algorithms that mimic human brain cognitive processes. AI uses technologies, especially computer systems, to mimic human cognitive processes. With the ability to connect inputs and outputs, modify behavior in response to external stimuli, and then make decisions, the majority of modern AI algorithms increase the possibility of providing accurate answers. The main advantages of artificial intelligence (AI) are producing better and more accurate predictions and extracting meaningful and unbiased information from datasets that are either incredibly large or extremely complex, beyond human analytical potential [12].

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Chromatography, Artificial intelligence, pharmaceutical, separation, analytical.

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Butterflies belongs to order Lepidoptera of class Insecta. They prefers host or nectar plants for growth and development with indicates their diversity of flora of an area. They are major ecological indicators, play an vital role in the food chain and food web. Study on diversity of butterflies conducted from May 2023 to September 2024. Documented a total of 115 butterfly species belonging to 74 genera across five families: Hesperiidae (16 species, 13.91%), Lycaenidae (25 species, 21.73%), Nymphalidae (37 species, 32.2%), Papilionidae (17 species, 14.8%), and Pieridae (20 species, 17.4%). Statistical data revealed, Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H') of 1.558, indicating moderate diversity across families, with a low Evenness Index (J = 0.2222) stating uneven species distribution. Dominance Index (32.2) highlighted Nymphalidae's significant contribution to the overall species diversity. This study underscores the areas significance as a biodiversity hotspot and provides baseline data to monitor anthropological and climatic impacts. The results also contribute to regional biodiversity records, aiding policymakers and conservationists in prioritizing areas for protection.

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Butterfly, Diversity, Shivamogga, Western ghats, Lepidoptera

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In many conventional consumer and industrial tools such as blenders, grinders, drills, and even transportation devices like bicycles, significant energy wastage occurs due to inefficient energy transfer and storage systems. This research proposes a novel design improvement for industrial drills by integrating a flywheel-based energy transfer system. A flywheel acts as an energy reservoir, smoothing power delivery and improving efficiency by storing rotational energy from a motor and releasing it as needed. The system comprises a motor connected to a flywheel via gear or belt mechanism chosen based on traction and application requirements. The stored energy is then transmitted through a gearbox or transmission system to achieve the desired torque-speed output ratio, crucial for drilling operations. This method not only enhances energy efficiency but also reduces mechanical stress and power fluctuations, potentially increasing the lifespan and reliability of industrial drills. This paper presents a theoretical model and design framework to implement flywheel-assisted energy transfer in systems.

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Kinetic Energy, Bicycle, Drills Dog Clutch, Fly Wheel

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Ensuring road safety, particularly for individuals using taxis or private vehicles, is vital for fostering secure urban living. Women, in particular, face heightened risks while traveling, including harassment, inappropriate physical contact, abduction, and assault. Many users would willingly opt for a slightly longer journey if it meant enhanced personal security. However, popular navigation tools such as Google Maps, Apple Maps, and Bing Maps largely fail to incorporate safety-related parameters--such as incidents of theft, harassment, snatching, hijacking, or robbery--into their route planning algorithms. With increasing rates of urban crime, the need for targeted solutions that prioritize women's safety during commutes has become increasingly urgent. To address this challenge, our project introduces a groundbreaking Traveler Safety Solution, designed to improve the safety and experience of women commuters through the use of advanced technology. This system combines several cutting-edge tools: Google Maps API for navigation and traffic data, Yolov8 for real-time object detection, Tesseract OCR for recognizing text, and integration with RTO databases for vehicle and driver verification. Key functionalities include intelligent route selection based not just on speed but on safety data, direct communication options with drivers, automated SMS alerts containing journey specifics, and continuous real-time GPS tracking. The system uses map-matching algorithms to identify deviations from the chosen path and instantly issues emergency alerts if unexpected changes occur, notifying both the traveler and their designated emergency contacts. Post-trip, users are encouraged to rate and review drivers, helping improve service quality over time. This innovative solution not only addresses the safety issues faced by women on the move but also empowers them with critical tools for communication and situational awareness--ultimately enabling safer and more confident travel in urban spaces without plagiarism convert into unique words.

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Women's travel safety, Next-generation safety systems, Safe commuting solutions, Smart transportation safety, Crime-aware navigation.

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The rising global prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD) has led to the exploration of plant-based alternatives to synthetic nootropics. Embelia ribes, traditionally known for its therapeutic benefits in Ayurvedic medicine, has recently been investigated for its memory-enhancing potential. This review summarizes the pharmacological basis and preclinical findings related to E. Ribes's cognitive effects, focusing on scopolamine-induced amnesia models in Swiss albino mice. The extract demonstrated significant improvements in behavioral assays such as the Morris Water Maze and Elevated Plus Maze, alongside biochemical evidence of acetylcholinesterase inhibition, reduced oxidative stress, and improved neuronal integrity. The bioactive compounds such as embelin, flavonoids, and polyphenols play a pivotal role in these neuroprotective effects. This review highlights the therapeutic promise of E. Ribes as a nootropic agent and advocates for further pharmacokinetic and clinical validation

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Embelia ribes, nootropic, scopolamine, Alzheimer's disease, oxidative stress, acetylcholinesterase, memory enhancement, herbal neurotherapeutics

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Blockchain technology is driving a major transformation in the healthcare industry by providing a secure and decentralized framework for managing sensitive medical records. Unlike conventional systems that rely on centralized databases--often vulnerable to cyber-attacks and unauthorized alterations--blockchain operates on a distributed ledger where recorded data is immutable. This immutability significantly enhances data integrity and reduces the risk of security breaches. A key strength of blockchain in healthcare is its ability to ensure privacy. Through encryption and decentralized control, access to medical information is restricted to authorized users only. Additionally, blockchain enables efficient and secure data sharing among hospitals, clinics, and specialists, overcoming challenges posed by fragmented or inconsistent health records. This improves the speed and accuracy of patient care. Smart contracts further enhance the system by automating access permissions and updates based on predefined rules. These self-executing protocols minimize manual intervention, reduce administrative overhead, and lower the chance of human error. Most importantly, blockchain empowers patients by giving them full control over their personal health data. Patients can choose who accesses their records, fostering transparency and trust between healthcare providers and individuals. This patient-centric approach encourages active participation in healthcare decisions and supports a more collaborative care environment.

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Blockchain Technology, Medical Records Management, Decentralized Systems, Data Privacy, Smart Contracts, Patient-Centric Healthcare, Secure Data Sharing, Interoperability, Tamper-Proof Records, Healthcare Automation, Distributed Ledger, Access Control, Digital Health Transformation

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This text explores the innovative potential and challenges of creating personalized video advertisements using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). GANs, an AI technology, generate data resembling real-world examples through the competitive learning of two neural networks: a generator and a discriminator. This allows marketers to produce high-quality, contextual video content tailored to individual consumer preferences and behaviors. Such an approach streamlines the creative process and provides insights into consumer behavior, supporting strategic decision-making. Personalized video advertising plays a crucial role in increasing consumer engagement and building brand loyalty. Generative AI, like GANs, contributes to automating and advancing the creation of this content. By collecting and analyzing data to understand user preferences, and then integrating these into video content, the relevance and effectiveness of advertisements are maximized. However, the creation of personalized ads using GANs involves ethical issues (e.g., privacy) and technical challenges (e.g., misinformation from AI hallucinations). Therefore, this text highlights the potential of GANs alongside the need for careful approaches and ethical governance to overcome these obstacles, illuminating the broader impact of this technology on the digital marketing field

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Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Personalized Video Advertising, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Digital Marketing

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The phenomenon of domestic violence is widely prevalent what has remained largely deceptive in public. Violence against women is very serious problem in worldwide. Violence may be in the form of domestic violence, sexual harassment, acid throwing, pre-natal sex determination etc. World's two third countries have outlawed domestic violence but in India mostly women are likely to experience physical and sexual violence by their husbands or their relatives. Main causes of domestic violence-male dominating society, lack of awareness of laws, less efforts to implement the existing laws, bureaucracy and fear. The Indian parliament enacted a bill to protect the women from domestic violence and it came into force in the year of 2005. i.e. "Protection of women from domestic violence Act, 2005." The post of protection officer was created to provide mechanism for the implementation of the Act. Any person who has reason to believe that domestic violence has taken place or is likely to take place can inform the protection officer. The primary function of the protection officer is to protect the victim from domestic violence and also serve as a liaison between the woman, police and the service provider. This paper highlights the role of protection officer in curbing domestic violence.

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Domestic Violence, Cruelty, Physical, economic abuse

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition