Volume 14 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

The purpose of this study was to see the effect of Suryanamaskar practice with different paces on Vital capacity of college going students. The objective of the study finds the effect of training duration and paces of Suryanamaskar. Within and between designs was used. Three experimental intact groups were created Pace 1 group, Pace 2 groups and Pace 3 groups; each group had 40 subjects with age range between 17-24 years. Pace 1 group practiced one round (12 steps) of Suryanamaskar in 90 seconds, Pace 2 groups in 180 seconds and Pace 3 groups in 360 seconds. The Vital capacity of the subjects was measured by Dry Spiro-meter test under the expert supervision. Total 12 weeks training was given in which three observations were taken before the training (pre-test), after 6 weeks (mid-test) and after 12 weeks (post-test). ANOVA was used and level of significance was set at 0.05. Result demonstrates that practice of Suryanamaskar for 6 weeks and 12 weeks were sufficient to bring out significant improvement on Vital capacity (VC).

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Suryanamaskar, Pace, Vital capacity, Spiro meteretc.

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This review explores the potential of waste heat recovery (WHR) in tunnel kiln furnaces through the implementation of shell and tube heat exchangers. Tunnel kiln furnaces are extensively utilized in various industries, including ceramics, cement, and metallurgy, for the continuous firing of products at high temperatures. However, a significant portion of the energy input is lost as waste heat through the flue gases discharged from these furnaces. This review investigates the feasibility and effectiveness of employing shell and tube heat exchangers to recover this waste heat and utilize it for various applications, such as preheating combustion air, water heating, or electricity generation. The review examines various aspects including the operating principles of shell and tube heat exchangers, design considerations, heat transfer mechanisms, materials selection, and case studies highlighting successful implementations of WHR systems in tunnel kiln furnaces. Additionally, challenges and limitations associated with WHR systems are discussed, along with potential solutions and future research directions to enhance the efficiency and viability of waste heat recovery in tunnel kiln furnaces. Overall, this review provides valuable insights for researchers, engineers, and industry stakeholders interested in implementing WHR systems to improve energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact in tunnel kiln furnace operations.

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Waste heat recovery, Waste Heat Recycling, Waste Heat Stream, STHE, Process Furnace, and Technology Advances.

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In this paper, a resource-efficient modeling framework for co-design of hardware and software is proposed to transmit ECG signal in real time and classify them in an automatic manner based on the embedded machine learning model. The raw ECG signal goes through pre-processing in MATLAB, is converted into a 16-bit signed hexadecimal 2's complement format and is written to a COE (memory initialization) file. This file loads the Block RAM (BRAM) blocks into the Xilinx Basys3 FPGA board using the Xilinx Vivado Block Memory Generator IP. The following custom made Verilog UART Transmitter module reads ECG samples sequentially from BRAM and transmits the sample values serially at 9600 baud rate. At the receiver end, the data received via UART is passed to a RPi which resPlaces the signed 16-bit ECG samples using two's complement, which can be normal or abnormal, and passes the results to a trained Random Forest classifier. The designed architecture shows high reliability in transferring the data, moderate utilization of FPGA resources, minimum computational load on the embedded platform and it is scalable for implementing an intelligent real-time cardiac health monitoring pipeline.

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ECG classification, FPGA, UART, Random Forest, hardware-software co-design, Raspberry Pi, BRAM, Verilog HDL, biomedical signal processing.

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Human survival and flourishing depend on a web of social attachments whose influence extends into physiology, emotion, and long-term adaptive capacity. Converging evidence from psychology, epidemiology, and developmental science identifies social relationships as a determinant of health comparable in magnitude to established biomedical risk factors such as smoking and obesity. Three literatures are drawn together in this analysis -- belongingness and attachment theory, stress-buffering and psychoneuroimmunological pathways, and the developmental science of resilience -- to construct an integrated account of how relational quality shapes emotional regulation and, in turn, the capacity to withstand adversity. Evidence from large-scale mortality meta-analyses, longitudinal cohort research, and resilience science converges on a single conclusion: social relationships function not as a background condition of well-being but as an active mechanism through which resilience is built, sustained, and transmitted across the life course. Implications for clinical practice, education, and public health follow directly from this evidence.

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Social Relationships; Emotional Health; Psychological Resilience; Stress Buffering; Belongingness; Interdisciplinary Psychology

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Aims To compare the effectiveness and patient reported outcomes of Basal insulin (Glargine) and Premix insulin (Mixtard 30/70) in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, focusing on glycemic control, hypoglycemia fear, and weight management among urban and rural Indian populations. Methods A comparative observational cohort study was conducted among 61 diabetic patients at a tertiary care hospital in Jaipur, India. Participants were divided into Glargine (n=34) and Mixtard 30/70 (n=27) groups. Data collected included demographic details, HbA1c, fasting blood sugar (FBS), random blood sugar (RBS), diabetes duration, complications, and a modified Hypoglycemia Fear Scale (HFS). Statistical analyses included paired t-tests, multivariate ANOVA, and reliability testing using Cronbach's alpha. Results Glargine users were older on average (54.35 vs. 44.26 years), and 62.3% of participants were from rural areas. Both regimens significantly improved glycemic control, with HbA1c decreasing from 9.8% to 8.7% and RBS reducing by approximately 19 mg/dL. Glargine demonstrated slightly better long-term glycemic stability. The HFS showed high reliability (Cronbach's ?=0.895). Glargine was associated with greater fear of hypoglycemia, whereas Mixtard 30/70 was more favorable for weight control. Conclusions Both insulin regimens effectively improved glycemic outcomes, supporting individualized treatment selection based on metabolic and psychosocial factors.

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Diabetes, Insulin, Glargine, Mixtard, Regimens

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Three-phase induction motors carry the bulk of the mechanical load in modern industry, and their unplanned failure translates directly into lost production, damaged driven equipment and, in the worst cases, safety hazards for plant personnel. Conventional electromechanical protection devices such as thermal overload relays and fuses respond only after a fault has fully developed, offer no record of the events preceding the trip, and cannot be interrogated remotely. The convergence of low-cost smart sensors, embedded wireless microcontrollers and cloud computing under the umbrella of the Internet of Things (IoT) has therefore reshaped the way induction motors are protected and monitored. This paper presents a comprehensive review of IoT-based induction motor protection systems reported in the literature, with particular emphasis on work published between 2020 and 2026. More than thirty representative studies are examined and compared with respect to their sensing arrangements, processing platforms, communication technologies and protective actions. The principal categories of motor faults are summarised, and the sensor technologies, wireless communication standards and cloud platforms that underpin contemporary protection architectures are evaluated against one another in a series of structured comparison tables. A taxonomy of IoT-based protection approaches and a generic layered system architecture are proposed to organise the surveyed material. The review reveals a clear migration from simple threshold-based telemetry systems toward edge-intelligent architectures employing machine learning, and identifies persistent research gaps concerning standardisation, cybersecurity, sensor reliability, benchmark datasets and true predictive protection. Future research directions, including TinyML-based edge diagnosis, digital twins, federated learning and self-healing protection schemes, are discussed to guide researchers and practitioners working toward the next generation of intelligent motor protection.

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Induction motor protection, Internet of Things, condition monitoring, smart sensors, cloud computing, ESP32, machine learning, predictive maintenance, wireless sensor networks, fault diagnosis

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Movement is one of the most fundamental aspects of human life and an essential element of performing arts. It serves as a powerful medium of communication between the performer and the audience, conveying ideas, emotions, thoughts, experiences, and stories through gestures, body language, facial expressions, and physical actions. More than a series of physical motions, movement functions as a visual language that creates understanding and emotional connection beyond spoken words. Performing arts encompass a wide range of forms, including dance, theatre, music, and mime. This article primarily focuses on dance, with special emphasis on folk dances and the significance of movement within them. In addition to enhancing the aesthetic quality of a performance, movement contributes to physical fitness, creativity, coordination, discipline, and self-expression. It also reflects cultural identity and preserves traditions that are passed down through generations. Thus, movement is not merely a physical activity; it is the living language of performance that connects the artist with the audience and gives meaning and vitality to the art itself.

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Movement, Performing Arts, Folk Dance, Tamil Nadu, Cultural Identity, Communication

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Gulma is a complex clinical entity described in Ayurveda, characterized primarily by palpable1or non-palpable abdominal masses associated with pain, distension, and functional disturbances. Classical texts conceptualize Gulma not as a distinct structural disease but as a dynamic pathological process arising from vitiation and obstruction of Doshas-predominantly ata- within the kostha and its associated Srotas2. This review critically analyses the classical Vdescriptions of Gulma across major Ayurvedic treatises, including its etiology (hetu), pathogenesis (Samprapti), clinical features (lakshana), types (bheda), and therapeutic principles (Chikitsa). Emphasis is laid on the interpretative challenges in correlating Gulmawith contemporary biomedical diagnoses such as gastrointestinal motility disorders, inflammatory masses, functional abdominal pain syndromes, and certain gynaecological or neoplastic conditions. The article highlights the conceptual depth of Gulma as a functionalpathological continuum rather than a purely anatomical mass, underscoring the importance of individualized dosha-based assessment. Through critical appraisal of classical commentaries and modern research perspectives, this review aims to provide a refined understanding of Gulma, as the topic is vast, in this article interpretation of Gulma is limited to GI related neoplastic and malignant abdominal conditions, facilitating rational clinical diagnosis special emphasis on staging (avastha), therapeutic decision-making based on prognosis, and future research integration between Ayurveda and modern medicine.

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Gulma, Abdominal lumps, Tumours, Elevated mass, Inflammatory conditions.

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Who Really Feeds the World? by Vandana Shiva serves as a radical manifesto challenging the dominant narrative that industrial agribusiness and biotechnology are the only solutions to global hunger. Drawing on thirty years of research and activism, Shiva argues that the globalized, chemical-intensive food system is actually responsible for seventy five per cent of ecological destruction and the majority of food-related illnesses. This paper examines Shiva's central thesis that small-scale farmers, particularly women, are the true providers of global nutrition, producing eighty per cent of the world's food using only twenty five per cent of the land. Through an analysis of her concepts of seed sovereignty, the Law of Return, and agroecology, this paper explores her critique of biopiracy and the new enclosures of fake food and digital agriculture. Finally, the paper addresses academic evaluations of Shiva's work, noting both its power as a mobilization tool and critiques regarding her categorical rejection of modern biotechnology.

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Agroecology, Seed sovereignty, Agribusiness, Food democracy, Biopiracy

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Adolescent, childhood obesity, BMI

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