Volume 14 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

This work offers a method for the early identification of dementia by using ML and NLP to analyze speech and text data.Dementia is a neurological disorder that develops over time and affects memory, reasoning, communication, and other cognitive abilities. Among the earliest signs is a noticeable change in language use, such as difficulty finding words, forming sentences, and maintaining fluent speech.

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 Keywords

Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, Dementia Detection, Speech Analysis, Text Classification, Feature Extraction

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In recent years, AI methods have begun to be applied in many different areas, with healthcare being one of the most prominent. Diagnosis, treatment, patient care, new drug production, and preventive care can be listed as some of the applications. n artificial intelligence, deep learning (DL) is a process that replicates the working mechanism of the human brain in data processing. It has been used in many healthcare applications for the diagnosis and treatment of many chronic diseases. These algorithms have the power to avoid outbreaks of illness, recognize and diagnose illnesses, minimize running expenses for hospital management and patients of AI in healthcare. Our approach focuses on creating clinically trustworthy systems by integrating robust DL architectures (CNNs, RNNs, Autoencoders) with Explainable AI (XAI) techniques such as Grad CAM and SHAP to provide interpretable, actionable insights for clinicians. We further explore strategies like Federated Learning and data augmentation to overcome data limitations while preserving patient privacy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Deep neural network, Convolutional neural network, Recurrent neural network, Autoencoders, Grad-CAM, SHAP, Federated Learning

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper presents a semi-automated robotic system for image-guided vertebral biopsy using Arduino-based control and sensor fusion. By integrating mmWave and IMU sensors with ultrasound data, the system enhances needle placement precision, reduces human error, and minimizes radiation exposure during spinal interventions.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

"ROBOTIC IMAGE GUIDED VERTEBRAL BIOPSY"

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Intelligent systems like recommendation engines, conversational agents, and automated decision- support tools are increasingly incorporating Large Language Models (LLMs). These models raise new security issues despite their sophisticated language generation capabilities. Prompt injection, in which adversarial inputs are intended to affect or override the model's intended behavior, is one significant threat. This work investigates different types of prompt injection attacks, such as jailbreak techniques meant to get around safety controls, direct instruction overrides, and indirect attacks via external data sources. Such attacks can alter responses, lower system reliability, and possibly reveal sensitive information, according to experimental evaluation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Large Language Models (LLMs), Prompt Injection Attacks, Adversarial Prompting, AI Security, Jailbreak Techniques, Input Sanitization, Context Isolation, Response Monitoring, Data Leakage, Secure AI Systems.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a rapidly increasing chronic disease that leads to severe complications such as diabetic retinopathy, which can cause irreversible vision loss if not detected early. Traditional diagnostic methods rely on invasive blood tests and specialized ophthalmic examinations, making them costly, time-consuming, and inaccessible in rural and resource-limited areas.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Retinopathy, Non-Invasive Detection, Computer Vision, Deep Learning, Open CV, Keras, Flask

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper presents the design, modeling, and simulation of an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)-controlled bidirectional DC-DC buck-boost converter integrated with a three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) for brushless DC (BLDC) motor drive applications with simultaneous battery management. The proposed system incorporates a bidirectional power flow architecture that enables both motoring and regenerative modes of operation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

ANFIS Control, Bidirectional DC-DC Converter, BLDC Motor Drive, Buck-Boost Converter, Battery Management System, Voltage Source Inverter, MATLAB/Simulink, State of Charge, PWM Switching, Intelligent Control.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Industrial automation has become indispensable in modern manufacturing and material handling operations. This paper presents the design, development, and performance evaluation of a PLC, SCADA, and HMI-based automation system for a Limestone Luffing Stacker used in cement plant operations. The system integrates a Schneider Electric EcoStruxure Control Expert-programmed Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), an AVEVA Plant SCADA supervisory system, and a Vijeo Designer HMI for operator interaction. Four primary subsystems--Boom Conveyor, Luffing Mechanism, Travel Drive, and Travel Lubrication--were automated using Ladder Logic (LD) and Function Block Diagram (FBD) programming. The proposed system achieves reliable real-time monitoring, alarm management, and data logging while ensuring safe, efficient, and operator-friendly control. Validation through logic simulation and I/O testing demonstrated accurate signal mapping and reduced commissioning faults by an estimated 30-35%. The results confirm that integrated PLC-SCADA-HMI architectures significantly enhance operational safety, visibility, and productivity in bulk material handling applications.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), Human-Machine Interface (HMI), Industrial Automation, Limestone Luffing Stacker, Ladder Logic (LD), EcoStruxure Control Expert, AVEVA Plant SCADA, Cement Plant Automation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Energy poverty remains a critical challenge in remote mountain communities where grid electricity is unavailable or unreliable and harsh winters create high demands for water and space heating. This paper presents the design, development, and evaluation of an integrated mountain solar water and space heating system aimed at mitigating energy poverty in high-altitude rural regions. The proposed system utilizes flat-plate and evacuated-tube solar thermal collectors to harness solar irradiance for domestic hot water production and space heating. A thermal storage tank with optimized insulation retains heat for use during low-irradiance periods. System performance is monitored using temperature sensors and flow meters, and control logic adjusts pump operation based on collector and storage temperature differentials. Experimental results demonstrate reliable heat delivery, significant reduction in dependence on biomass and fossil fuels, and improved indoor thermal comfort. The proposed system is cost-effective, environmentally sustainable, and replicable across diverse mountain regions. The system contributes meaningfully to sustainable development goals by providing clean, affordable energy access to underserved highland communities.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Solar Energy, Energy Poverty, Mountain Regions, Solar Water Heating, Space Heating, Thermal Collectors, Renewable Energy, Rural Communities, Sustainable Development

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The design of electric vehicle (EV) chargers has become one of the most demanding and challenging areas in the modern power electronics industry. Lithium-ion batteries are widely preferred for EV applications due to their high energy density and superior performance characteristics. This paper presents the design and analysis of an onboard charger based on a resonant inductor-inductor- capacitor (LLC) converter, along with validation through MATLAB/Simulink simulation results.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Electric vehicle, On board charger, DC- DC Converter, LLC half bridge Converter, Soft Switching, Battery charger.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The accelerating global transition toward renewable energy integration and sustainable transportation has positioned Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) and Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) technologies as pivotal enablers of smart grid evolution. This review paper provides a critical synthesis of recent advances in bidirectional power converter topologies, control methodologies, and grid interface strategies developed between 2021 and 2026. The examination encompasses converter architectures ranging from three-phase full-bridge rectifiers and PWM inverter configurations to DC-DC converter designs tailored for both Light-Duty Vehicles (LDVs) and Heavy-Duty Vehicles (HDVs). Particular emphasis is placed on Phase-Locked Loop (PLL)-based control schemes, CC-CV battery management protocols, Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) compliance with IEEE 519 standards, and the performance advantages observed through parallel battery (multi-EV) operation. Key findings indicate that well-designed bidirectional charger topologies can achieve THD values well below the 5% threshold mandated by IEEE standards--as low as 0.93% under parallel battery operation--while maintaining stable DC-link regulation and responsive mode transition. The paper further addresses emerging challenges including battery degradation from frequent cycling, anti-islanding protection requirements, and the integration of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) for remote monitoring. Future directions encompassing standalone inverter architectures, monetization frameworks for V2G services, and renewable energy co-optimization are also identified.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords - Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V), bidirectional power converters, Phase-Locked Loop (PLL), Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), electric vehicles (EVs), smart grid, DC-DC converters, PWM inverters, battery management

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition