Volume 12 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

Industrial effluent is one of the major environmental problems facing by world. It contains several types of chemicals including heavy metals, dyes, plastic and other chemical compounds. Among them dye pollutants create severe health problem to animals and human beings as well as in plants. There are several strategies used to overcome dye pollutants that include physical, chemical and biological methods. Phytoremediation is one of the biological methods which is cost effecting, environment friendly and produce no secondary pollutants. These properties make it a good choice for remediation of dye pollutants; however this method is not applicable at industrial level.

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Industry, dye, pollutant, phytoremediation

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Ascites is a common clinical finding with a wide range of causes. Ascites refers to collection of excess fluid in the peritoneal cavity. It is clinically important to classify ascitic fluid into transudates and exudates because it is indicative of the underlying pathological process involved. The present study aims at evaluating the pathological findings in Transudative and Exudative ascites. This study is based on the evaluation of 250 ascitic fluid specimens which were received in department of pathology from various clinical departments of dhiraj hospital, which is a part of Smt. B. K. Shah Medical Institute And Research Center, vadodara. Detailed examination - physical, cytological, biochemical and microbiological (wherever indicated) was done. Results were compiled after careful examination. The most common clinical cause of ascitic fluid effusion as ascertained after examining 250 ascitic fluid specimens was liver cirrhosis (43.6%) followed by tuberculosis (24.4%). Most of the cases of tubercular (22.4%), malignant (4.8%) and acute infective ascites (10.4%) had pH < 7 while most of cases of cirrhotic ascites (27.6%) had pH >7. By smear examination, 42% were cirrhotic, 34.8% inflammatory, 8.4% cardiac and renal, 4.8% malignant and 10% were inconclusive. Most of the inflammatory cases were due to tuberculosis (70.1%). Most of malignant cases had primary in ovary (41.6%). The total protein content of ascitic fluid was significantly lower in cirrhotic cases as compared to tubercular, acute infective cases and malignant cases. Cirrhosis of liver is the most common cause of ascites while malignancy being the least common.

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Ascites fluid, Transudative, Exudative, Malignancy.

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By utilising machine learning methods, notably k-Nearest Neighbours (KNN) and XGBoost, this paper gives a complete analysis on the utilisation of these algorithms for the purpose of anticipating trends in the stock market. The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not these algorithms are effective and accurate in predicting stock values based on historical data. In this particular investigation, the dataset that was utilised is comprised of stock market data that was gathered from Yahoo Finance. This dataset includes characteristics such as closing prices, trading volume, and high-low percentage changes. In terms of predicting trends in the stock market, the experimental findings indicate the performance of the KNN and XGBoost models, with the KNN model achieving an accuracy of 96% and the XGBoost model achieving an accuracy of 98%. Both algorithms appear to have promising skills in capturing patterns and trends in stock market data, which highlights their potential for practical applications in investment decision-making and financial analysis. The findings imply that both algorithms exhibit intriguing possibilities in this regard.

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Stock market prediction, Machine learning, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), XGBoost, Financial forecasting.

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The objective of this study is to appraise the administration of PAYE system of tax in Nigeria. The paper is a conceptual paper that focused on the procedures, templates and the assessment of income tax in Nigeria. The challenges affecting the assessment of PAYE system in Nigeria are not different from the general issues plaguing the administration of tax which include among other things: poor data base containing taxable persons and chargeable income; lack of competent manpower and the determination of residence. Other challenge is the time required to apply for refund of excess deduction. The approaches in the assessment and collection of tax liability are: simple approach, exact withholding and comprehensive withholding system. The current rate of determining tax liabilities of employees ranges between 7% and 24%. It is recommended that the Federal Inland Revenue Service should employ only chartered accountants, lawyers, graduates of Accountancy, statistics and related discipline in the administration of tax in Nigeria. Above all, the Head of Federal Inland Revenue Service and State Board of Internal Revenue should be persons with cognate experience and knowledge in taxation and Accountancy profession.

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relief, income, relevant, tax, returns, assessment, persons

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In Ayurveda Vatavyadhis is a group of diseases manifested by dhatu kshaya or margavarana and those are classified according to hetu, sthana and lakshana. In the classification of dhatukshayajanya vatavyadhis, many degenerative conditions are considered. Cervical spondylosis can be considered one among them and can be compared with 'Manyastambha". Manyastambha is one of the Vata Vyadhis mentioned in Vata Nanatmaja Vyadhi. According to Sushruta Nidana Sthana the Vata covered by Kapha is caused by day sleep, sitting and standing (in fixed position), and constantly gazing upward these are some of the important Nidanas of Manyastambha. Ruksha and Stambha (pain and stiffness) are the sign and symptoms mentioned in our text. Abhyanga, other Ayurvedic treatments, particularly Panchakarma, can aid in successful management. Agnikarma is a time-tested ancient treatment modality, practiced in India for more than three thousand years. The procedure primarily involves a topical application of controlled heated rod of specific qualities to treat various kind of diseases and or disorders. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES- To explain the role of Agnikarma through Swarna Shalaka enumerated in ancient Ayurvedic texts which will be beneficial in management of Manyastambha. MATERIALS AND METHODS- As the study is a review study, the available literature Samhitas and other books are searched for the disease and analyzed to get a comprehensive concept in the management of Manyastambh. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION- Agnikarma through Swarna Shalaka shows effective results in curing the cervical spondylosis

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Atisara, Ayurveda, Saranam, Nagaradi, Yog Ratnakara, Balrogadhikara, aaharaj, viharaja Nidana, agnimandya, deepana, pachana, grahi.

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With the increasing prevalence of intelligent transportation systems and the demand for safer roads, the detection and classification of road traffic signs have become critical in computer vision and deep learning research. This study presents an efficient deep learning system for reliable detection and precise classification of road traffic signs in real-world scenarios. Leveraging convolutional neural networks (CNNs), the system automatically extracts hierarchical features from raw image data, optimizing both computational efficiency and performance. We introduce techniques to improve the model's robustness against various lighting conditions, occlusions, and sign shapes. By utilizing lightweight neural network architectures and applying optimization strategies such as model pruning and quantization, the algorithm achieves high accuracy with low computational overhead, making it suitable for resource-constrained environments. Evaluations on benchmark datasets and real-world traffic scenarios demonstrate superior accuracy and adaptability to different sensor modalities, including camera-based and lidar-based systems. This research contributes to advancing efficient and accurate road traffic sign detection and classification, providing a promising solution for enhancing road safety and supporting intelligent transportation systems.

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Yolo, Algorithm Efficiency, Deep Learning, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and Intelligent Transport System (ITS).

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: In Kant moral philosophy, there is a misconception on his explanation of 'End.' What is the mean of 'objective End' that is 'ends in themselves.' Here I will try to differentiate between 'subjective end' and 'objective end.' Here is also possibility in subjective action to make universal rule that has capacity to be objective end that is 'ends in themselves.' By using Kant examples in the context of categorical and hypothetical imperative, we shall try to look deeply and find a clear-cut answer about 'ends in themselves.'

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'Ought,' 'End,' 'Categorical Imperative,' 'Objective End,' 'Subjective End,' 'Duty,' 'Ends in Themselves,' 'Universalizability.'

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Foreign exchange policy plays a crucial role in maintaining a country's economic stability, especially in the current era of globalization. Exchange rate fluctuations can affect various aspects of the economy, such as export and import prices and the trade balance. In the perspective of conventional economics, foreign exchange policies tend to focus on market efficiency and profit optimization through exchange rate stabilization by market intervention and interest rate management. Meanwhile, Islamic economics, based on sharia principles, emphasizes social justice and the prohibition of usury, as well as considering the impact of policies on the welfare of society as a whole. This study uses a comparative method to analyze foreign exchange policy from Islamic and conventional macroeconomic perspectives. The analysis includes a comparison of the theories, principles, and implementation of foreign exchange policies in the two economic systems. The study also examines case studies of countries that have adopted Islamic and conventional economic policies to see the practical impact of the policies. The results show fundamental differences in the approach and objectives of foreign exchange policy between Islamic and conventional economies. Conventional economics emphasizes short-term stability and quick response to market changes, while Islamic economics focuses on long-term sustainable and equitable solutions. This study fills the gap in the literature by providing a comprehensive analysis of foreign exchange policy from both perspectives. In addition, it offers implementation solutions that are acceptable to both economic perspectives, considering current global economic conditions. The solution is expected to guide policymakers in formulating a more inclusive and equitable foreign exchange policy, as well as open up opportunities for further research that explores the practical application of the theories discussed.

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 Keywords

Currency, Macroeconomics, Sharia, Stability, Maqasid.

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Abstract: The transition from conventional polymer to biodegradable polymer is getting importance day by day. This paper discusses the synthesis and characterization of a non toxic, biocompatible novel polymer. The insertion of a hydrolysable moiety in the polymeric chain greatly enhanced the biodegradation of the polymer in environment experimentally verified by soil burial test. The polymer so synthesized has been characterized by IR Spectrophotometric analysis , XRD analysis , hydrolytic stability test, soil burial test. Mechanical properties and thermal properties have also been explored.

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Keywords: Biodegradable polymer, synthesis, characterization, application, use.

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The theme of Asoka his interesting relationship with Buddhism, along with him being recognised as one of the ablest rulers in ancient India, has long intrigued the historians. Several scholars have attempted plethora of research to attain an authentic understanding of this connection. Accordingly, there has been an ongoing debate around the effect of Buddhism on the administrative policies (broadly termed as dhamma) of A?oka owing to his transitional conversion of personal faith. The abundance of evidence in terms of epigraphical evidence (rock and pillar inscriptions of A?oka) and literary texts (including but not limited to Sanskrit, Chinese and Buddhist sources) have played the dual role of giving extensive insight into A?oka's time period while also leading to exaggerated history writing in term of his reign and personality. The latter is largely owing to the fact of A?oka being revered in Buddhism and elevated to an almost divine status. However, in recent decades, new research has recognised a distinction between the personal Buddhist faith of A?oka and his comparatively neutral (as well as tolerant) policy of Dhamma. Therefore, the paper attempts to historicise the sources and analyse the exaggerated (later) literary accounts in corroboration with the inscriptions to better understand the actual effect of Buddhism on A?oka's administrative practices. This brief and comparative analysis will prove useful in attaining a significant insight into the scholarship surrounding the theme of extracting an authentic picture of the relationship between A?oka and Buddhism.

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 Keywords

Asoka and Buddhism, Dhamma, A?okan Inscriptions

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