Volume 12 | Issue 8 |

 Abstract

The Kurmi community, native to the Chotanagpur plateau across Jharkhand, Bihar, Odisha, and West Bengal, boasts a rich heritage of nature worship and traditional customs. Initially recognized as tribals under British rule, the Kurmis lost this status in 1950 due to post-independence reclassification aimed at standardizing demographic categories. This change significantly impacted their access to tribal-specific benefits, leading to socio-economic disadvantages and reduced political representation. In response, the Kurmi Janajati movement seeks to restore their tribal recognition. This study delves into the community's origins, the historical shift in their status, and the movement's ongoing impact on West Bengal. By analyzing these elements, the research sheds light on the broader implications of identity and governance for indigenous communities in modern India.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Kurmi Community, Tribal Status, Chotanagpur Plateau, Reclassification, Kurmi Janajati Movement, Indigenous Rights

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

ABSTRACT- The desert region of Bikaner is known for arid climate and harsh environmental condition. Despite sparse water resources and challenging environmental conditions, this region supports enough macrobenthic fauna of freshwater including mollusc population. Molluscs are crucial component of aquatic ecosystem as they add productivity and decay organic matter of aquatic ecosystem. This study aims to give an overview of the diversity of molluscs species of different water bodies of Bikaner. Molluscs of class gastropoda of different families were observed during study.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords- Aquatic ecosystem, mollusca, diversity, gastropoda.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Test anxiety is a common form of anxiety that is faced by students of all stages. Though low level of test anxiety is considered as an important achievement emotion [61], experiencing high levels of test anxiety can result in emotional and physical distress which affects the concentration, cognitive ability, self-esteem, self-efficacy, attention, memory power of the student, and cause physiological manifestations such as higher galvanic skin response, heart rate, dizziness, nausea, and panicking [8]. It is also highly prevalent, affecting 40-60% of the students negatively [50]. Hence it is vital to identify students with high test anxiety and provide them with appropriate intervention to help them perform at their maximum potential. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationships and the effectiveness of two important factors, self-efficacy, and perceived social support (support from friends, family, and significant others), in mitigating the ill-effects of test anxiety. Perceived Social support is defined as the information from the environment that leads an individual to perceive and believe he or she is loved and cared for, esteemed, and is a member of a network of mutual obligation [16]. Self-efficacy refers to an individual's belief in his or her own capacity to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific performance attainments [5]. The tools used for the study were the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support- MSPSS [82], General Self-efficacy Scale- GSE [83], and the Westside Test Anxiety Scale- WTAS [85]. The data was collected through purposive and snow-ball sampling techniques from a sample of about 221 female undergraduate students with age ranging between 17 and 23 years in Chennai, via online and in-person modes. Standard linear regression, Multiple regression, and Pearson's product moment correlation were used to analyze the data. The results revealed that- there exists a significant relationship between Self-efficacy and Test anxiety (r (211) = -.349, p < 0.01)), there is a significant relationship between Perceived social support and Test anxiety (r (211) = -.210, p < 0.01)), there exists a significant relationship between Perceived social support from both family and friends and Test anxiety (r (211) = -.251, p < 0.01; r (211) = -.149, p < 0.05)) but not between significant other and Test anxiety (r (211) = -.115, p > 0.01)), both Self-efficacy and Perceived social support significantly predict Test anxiety (R2 = .122, t (211) = -5.384, p < 0.01; R2 = .044, t (211) = -3.110, p < 0.01)), and that Perceived social support from Family independently predicts Test anxiety significantly (t (211) = -3.199, p = .002 (p < 0.01)). The implication of this study is that the results can be used to develop educational, psychological, and psychosocial intervention programs for college students who are affected by high levels of test anxiety.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Test anxiety, Self-efficacy, Perceived social support, Undergraduate female students

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Global Opportunities Through English Communication (GOTEC) project, launched by the Thiruvananthapuram District Panchayat in partnership with the District Centre for English (DCE), serves as a transformative educational initiative designed to enhance English language proficiency among students in rural schools. This research article thoroughly analyzes the GOTEC project, delving into its inception, objectives, implementation, and outcomes. The study illustrates how GOTEC has effectively empowered students, fostered academic growth, and opened up global opportunities for participants by examining the training modules, on-site support visits, and zonal competitions. Additionally, the article discusses the project's evolution from its pilot phase in 2022-23 to its expansion in the 2023-24 academic year, emphasizing its potential for broader application in similar educational settings

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Training for GOTEC Mentors,

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This article attempts to analyze Nambisan's novel Mango-coloured Fish on the lines of Ecofeminism. The theory of Ecofeminism believes that the domination of nature and women are intimately connected. The Ecofeminist philosophy aims to take away the hierarchal power structures of domination to establish a democratic society. Ecofeminists point out that the male dominated society is built upon dualistic forces where nature, feeling, body are considered feminine and reason, logic, rationale, mind, and cleverness are considered masculine. Ecofeminism intends to deconstruct the cultural attitude spun roughly the essentialist role assigned by patriarchy to nature and women. The novel Mango-Coloured Fish deals with the journey of an educated urban woman named Sharada, called Shari, who tries to find out her own self amidst a number of patriarchal pressures working on her. The novel portrays the inner conflict of many women who are caught in the quandary of independence/individuality against marriage.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Ecofeminism, frustration, anxiety, predicament, patriarchal society, domination, Identity, Essentialism, marriage system, masculine, accomplishments, gender bias, etc

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Aim of the study was to assess the anthropometric profile and physical activity of individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the selected hospitals Hoshiarpur, Punjab

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

"A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OF INDIVIDUALS WITH NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN SELECTED HOSPITALS, HOSHIARPUR, PUNJAB."

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The state is undergoing several developments in different sectors for its growth as well as to meet the needs of people living in the state. The surge of population has led the state to fast- track its development. The continuous exploitation of river Ganga to support the development has made people to switch to groundwater for the drinking as well as the irrigation purposes in Bihar, raising the issue of groundwater contamination. Hence, the article explains the definition of groundwater and attempts to understand the condition of groundwater in Bihar through the several researches and the government reports which have been concluded to assess portability of groundwater in the state.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Groundwater Contamination, Bihar

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In today's world, technology has become an integral part of everyday life. We rely on it in nearly every aspect of our lives, from communication to entertainment and everything in between. This is especially true when it comes to law enforcement, as police departments are increasingly relying on technology to help them better serve the community. The concept of technology is basically the use of science in day to day life and Indian Police organizations today are thoroughly equipped with the technology, although a lot more is to be accomplished. The police in India is still carrying the legacy of the colonial rule in its structure, duties, work culture and expectations. The functions of the police and their duties were limited in scope in early times, which by the winds of time have increased with population and means of communication. The times has changed and so is the police organization. The era when technology in the police organization was just a stick has now changed to wireless, radars and various other devices catering to the need of the twenty first century. Police using technology can be attributed under two broad categories, which are Police as users and Police against abuse. Police in today's world use the available technology to track the criminals and punish them, but in the course of doing so, they also face serious problems and threat to their life as well as most of times Indian Police do not possess the required arms and ammunition to fight the perpetrators of crime. Indian Police is still very backward with regard to the use of technology. Technology is the need of the hour and the force has to be well equipped with technology to fight the intermittent dangers of the society. The paper shall focus upon the evolution of police organizations in India and the technological difference between the ancient and modern police and the means to overcome the hurdles to make a crime free society and at the same time the need of technology in the twenty first century in the police organizations

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Police, Policing, Technology and ICTs (Information and Communication Technology)

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Behind every language and literature, there is a history of creation and development. Santhali language & literature are also not beyond it. This article explores missionaries' significant contributions to the Santhali language and literature development. Santhali, spoken by the indigenous Santhal community, was largely an oral language until the arrival of Christian missionaries in the 19th century. These missionaries, driven by a desire to spread Christianity, recognized the importance of language in cultural preservation and evangelization. They developed a written script for Santhali, translated religious texts, and encouraged local writers to produce literary works. This article examines the missionary-led initiatives that helped standardize Santhali orthography, grammar, and vocabulary, and also highlights the pioneering efforts of Santhali writers who produced poetry, stories, and plays. The study reveals that missionary involvement played a crucial role in elevating Santhali from a marginalized oral tradition to a recognized literary language, thereby contributing to the culture and social empowerment of the Santhal community.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

HERITAGE, DEVELOPMENT, LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, MISSIONARIES,SANTHAL, TRIBE

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: The venerable Siddha system, rooted in the Indian subcontinent, is among the most ancient documented medical traditions. Its progenitors, the Siddhars, have chronicled countless remedies since antiquity. Mahaanaluruva Chooranam (MAC), a polyherbal formulation, is reputedly indicated for all types of vatha diseases, as per classical Siddha texts. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), one of these 80 vatha diseases, is a condition that may benefit from MAC. Drug standardization and dissemination are pivotal for ensuring authenticity in the contemporary globalized milieu. MAC was standardized using PLIM criteria, a critical step toward Westernization. Material and methods: MAC was manufactured in strict adherence to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). Drug standardization encompassed phytochemical analysis, pesticide residue determination, sterility testing via the pour plate method, aflatoxin assay, and heavy metal analysis. The investigation was conducted at Noble Research Solution's facility, adhering to the meticulous guidelines of the PLIM criteria. Phytochemical analysis was performed at the esteemed Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Guindy, Chennai. Results: Research findings indicate the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, saponins, phenols, phytosterols, diterpenes, flavonoids, tannins, quinones, glycosides, gum & mucilage are in phytochemical analysis, mild traces of malathion which is not alarming, no colonies or growth observed. Conclusion: Future clinical research and standardization would benefit from the published data. Key word: Mahaanaluruva Chooranam (MAC), Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Musculoskeletal, phytochemistry, Dr.M.G.R Medical university, Chennai, heavy metal analysis, pesticide residue, sterility test.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Index Terms - Mahaanaluruva Chooranam (MAC), Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Heavy metal analysis, Aflotoxins, PLIM.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition