Volume 14 | Issue 9 |

 Abstract

Bhartiya Parampara Me Aashram Vyavstha Ki Vartman Paridrishya Me Prasangita

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Bhartiya Parampara Me Aashram Vyavstha Ki Vartman Paridrishya Me Prasangita

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Ophthalmic surgery is one of the most commonly performed procedures requiring anesthesia, with both local and general techniques available. Local ocular anesthesia is preferred for most intraocular surgeries due to its safety profile and the needfor patient cooperation. Common methods include topical, sub-tenon's, peribulbar, and retrobulbar anesthesia, applied across procedures such as cataract, corneal, glaucoma, vitreoretinal, and strabismus surgeries. Peribulbar anesthesia involves injection outside the muscle cone and is widely used as an alternative to retrobulbar block. While retrobulbar anesthesia provides rapid analgesia and akinesia with smaller drug volumes, it carries higher risks, including scleral perforation and oculocardiac reflex stimulation. Peribulbar anesthesia aims to achieve comparable surgical conditions with a potentially improved safety profile.

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peribulbar, Retrobulbar,Extraconal ,Intraconal,Anesthesia,Lignocaine2%,Bupivacaine0.5%

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Disability means physical or mental impairment which has a substantial and long-term adverse effect on her or his ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities. It is the loss or limitation of opportunities to take part in society on an equal level with others due to social and environmental barriers. In the medical model, individuals with certain physical, intellectual, psychological and mental conditions (impairment) are regarded as pathologic or abnormal; it is simply the abnormality conditions themselves that are the cause of all restrictions of activities. In contrast, the social model shifts the focus to the society; undue restrictions on behaviour of persons with impairment are seen to be imposed by dominant social, political, and economics ideologies; cultural and religious perceptions regarding persons with disabilities; paternalism in social welfare systems; discriminations by society; the inaccessibility of the environment and information; and the lack of appropriate institutional and social arrangements. Persons with disabilities are often among the most vulnerable in society, and typically face more formidable barriers to transport, housing, and other services. The key to social inclusion for people with disabilities is the creation of a barrier-free environment that may prevent individuals with disabilities from participating fully and effectively in the workplace. The most important reason for the de facto inequality of persons with disabilities is the existence of numerous social barriers in society, which prevent, on the one hand, access to basic urban and social resources and, on the other, the possibility of being included in social ties and interactions to the same extent as other people. These barriers lead to social exclusion and social dependence, and have a negative impact on both the quality of life of people with disabilities and on relations with persons with disabilities in local communities. 15 per cent of the world's population who live with a disability, (many of whom live in urban areas), available evidence reveals a widespread lack of accessibility to built environments, from roads and housing, to public buildings and spaces and to basic urban services such as sanitation and water, health, education, transportation, and emergency and disaster response and resilience building and access to information and communications. These accessibility limitations contribute greatly to the disadvantage and marginalization faced by persons with disabilities, leading to disproportionate rates of poverty, deprivation and exclusion. Accessibility established as a cross-cutting issue enables persons with disabilities to live independently and participate fully in all aspects of life.

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Disability; Barriers; Exclusion: Inclusion; Accessibility; Society

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Microcontroller-based vital-sign monitors are cheap, but they struggle once real-time waveform analysis and wireless reporting are required at the same time. This paper examines whether shifting the heaviest part of that workload -- QRS detection -- into reconfigurable hardware improves the trade-off. A prototype was built on a ZYBO Z7-20 board around a Xilinx Zynq-7000 SoC. The programmable-logic side runs a streaming R-peak detector adapted from the Pan-Tompkins algorithm; the on-chip ARM core reads an NTC thermistor for temperature, packages both readings, and sends them over UART to an ESP8266 Wi-Fi module for display on a web dashboard. Two rounds of testing were carried out -- first against simulator-generated ECG traces, then on a live subject. The detector held up well under motion-related noise in both cases, and the complete loop settled into roughly one-second update cycles once deployed, a delay traced mainly to the wireless reporting interval rather than to the FPGA itself. The results suggest that SoC-class FPGAs offer a reasonable middle ground for this kind of monitoring -- more capable than a bare microcontroller, and cheaper and smaller than clinical-grade equipment.

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FPGA, Zynq SoC, IoT, QRS Detection, Electrocardiogram (ECG), Pan-Tompkins Algorithm, XADC, Health Monitoring

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Cyberchondria is a condition in which a person repeatedly searches for health-related information on the internet and becomes excessively worried or anxious about their health. Individuals with Cyberchondria often misinterpret normal body sensations or minor symptoms as signs of serious illnesses after reading online medical information. This behavior can increase health anxiety, cause emotional distress, and lead to unnecessary medical consultations. With the widespread availability of health information on the internet, Cyberchondria has become an emerging mental health concern, especially among students and young adults. Understanding Cyberchondria is important for promoting healthy online health-information seeking behavior and reducing unnecessary anxiety.

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A Descriptive correlational study to assess cyberchondria and Symptom Interpretation Behavior among B.Sc. nursing students in a Selected Nursing college Raipur Chhattisgarh "

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Since the dawn of human civilization, the environment has played a vital role in the survival of mankind. The planet Earth has favourable conditions and abundant resources, making it a living planet. Maintaining equilibrium in the environment while interacting with its elements has been challenging since the very beginning. The magnitude of this problem that we are facing in the 21st century is unprecedented. Although debate revolving around the protection and conservation of the environment was present in the 18th century, it gained new life after the Stockholm Declaration in 1972. The relationship between man and the environment was never as complex as it is in the modern era. With the advancement of science and technology, there was massive industrialization which called for excessive and unjust exploitation of natural resources. Earlier, religion played an important role in shaping and guiding the activities of mankind. Every aspect of man's life was ordered by religion, and his interaction with nature was no exception to this rule. Islam and Sikhism hold the credit for bringing the attention of mankind to the words "environmental protection". Islam has a duty-bound attitude that motivates mankind, particularly its followers, to be responsible while interacting with nature. The Quran provides that: it is he who has made you viceroys on earth (Fatir verse 39). The concept of Khilafah/viceroy in the Quran makes mankind accountable for his actions despite the fact that man is the deputy of God on earth. Hence, he has to ensure that the equilibrium of nature is not disturbed. The Guru Granth Sahib has beautifully highlighted the significance of nature in the following words: "Pava? gur? p??? pi?? m??? ??ara? maha?" (Guru Granth Sahib. ang.8). It means that Air is considered as the Guru, Water as the Father, and Earth is the Great Mother of all. These principles mentioned in Sikhism and Islam seem relevant even today. The concept of intergenerational equity and sustainable development is the bedrock of modern international environmental law and concurrence with the broad principles conceived in the Quran and the Guru Granth. Religious injunctions, if not divorced, may serve as motivation for the people to obey the environmental law, which is hitherto not observed in full spirit. This paper will attempt to discuss environmentalism from the perspective of Islam and Sikhism.

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Earth, Environment, Environmental Pollution, Justice, Mankind, Nature, Sustainable Development.

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Background: Adequate caregiver knowledge is essential for safe and effective colostomy care. A structured teaching program can provide systematic information regarding colostomy care and help caregivers understand appropriate care measures. Objective: The present manuscript focuses on two objectives of the study: (1) to find out the effect of the Structured Teaching Program (STP) on colostomy care among caregivers of patients admitted in selected tertiary care hospitals, and (2) to find out the association between post-test knowledge scores and selected demographic variables. Methods: A pre-experimental one-group pre-test post-test design was used among 110 caregivers selected by convenient sampling. Knowledge was assessed using a structured interview schedule. A 30-minute Structured Teaching Program was administered, followed by post-test assessment. Descriptive statistics, paired t-test and association testing were used according to the study plan. Results: The study reported a highly significant difference between pre-test and post-test knowledge scores, with a paired t value of -20.9 and p = 0.000. The thesis conclusion states that the Structured Teaching Program was effective in improving caregivers' knowledge regarding colostomy care. The thesis also included assessment of the association between post-test knowledge and selected demographic variables. Conclusion: The findings support the effectiveness of the Structured Teaching Program as a teaching modality for improving caregivers' knowledge regarding colostomy care.

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Colostomy care, caregivers, structured teaching program, knowledge, demographic variables, tertiary care hospital.

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The anorectal region is referred as Guda (???) and has been regarded primarily as the terminal organ of intestinal evacuation. However, its functional and clinical significance extends far beyond defaecation.Guda is regarded as the Mula (root) of the Purishavaha Srotas1, the seat of Apana Vayu2, route for administration of Basti and the location of the Muladhara Chakra4. Guda is classified as a Sadyopranahara Marma3.A vital site where injury leads to instantaneous death This structure serve as valuable site for diagnosing both local and systemic diseases.It provides an effective route for drug administration by avoiding first pass liver metabolism, assist in estimating the post mortem interval in forensic medicine and represent a complex surgical region that requires advanced technical expertise. This article combines evidence from classical Ayurvedic texts and modern medical science to highlight Guda as one of the most functionally, diagnostically,therapeutically and spiritually significant anatomical region of the human body.

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Sadyopranahara Marma, Purishavaha Srotas, Apana Vayu, Basti, Muladhara Chakra, Drug administration.

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Alcohol dependence is a major public health problem that adversely affects physical, psychological, social, and environmental well-being and significantly reduces quality of life (QoL). Therefore, the present study was conducted with the problem statement, "A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Community-based Nursing Intervention Regarding Alcohol Dependence and Quality of Life among Alcohol-dependent Individuals in Selected Rural Area at Udaipur." The objectives were to screen and identify alcohol-dependent individuals, assess their level of alcohol dependence and quality of life, evaluate the effectiveness of the community-based nursing intervention, determine the correlation between alcohol dependence and quality of life, and assess the association of alcohol dependence and quality of life with selected demographic variables. The hypotheses stated that there would be a significant difference in alcohol dependence and quality-of-life scores before and after the intervention, a significant correlation between alcohol dependence and quality of life, and a significant association between these variables and selected demographic characteristics. A pre-experimental, one-group pre-test post-test research design was adopted among 150 alcohol-dependent individuals residing in selected rural areas of Vallabhnagar, Udaipur, who were selected through purposive sampling. Prior to the main study, a pilot study was conducted among 15 alcohol-dependent individuals in Dabok, Udaipur, to assess the feasibility, acceptability, clarity of the tools, participant cooperation, accessibility of the setting, and time required for data collection and intervention implementation. Data for the main study were collected using a demographic data sheet, Alcohol Dependence Scale (ADS), and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. The community-based nursing intervention included education regarding alcohol dependence and its harmful effects, counseling, coping strategies, lifestyle modification, motivation, and relapse-prevention measures. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and Chi-square test. The findings showed that the mean ADS score decreased from 43.12 in the pre-test to 33.19 in the post-test, with the greatest reduction observed in the tolerance domain (21.18%). The overall quality-of-life score increased from a mean of 103.7 in the pre-test to 161.9 in the post-test, with improvements observed across the physical, psychological, social-relationship, and environmental domains; perception of quality of life increased from 2.20 to 3.10, while perception of health increased from 2.15 to 3.05. Paired t-test findings demonstrated statistically significant improvements in alcohol dependence and quality of life following the intervention. A strong negative correlation was found between alcohol dependence and quality of life in both the pre-test (r = -0.934, p < 0.001) and post-test (r = -0.8871, p < 0.001), indicating that higher alcohol dependence was associated with poorer quality of life. Chi-square analysis revealed significant associations of alcohol dependence and quality of life with age, gender, socioeconomic status, education, marital status, and occupation, whereas duration of alcohol use was not significantly associated with either outcome. Thus, the findings support the effectiveness of the community-based nursing intervention in reducing alcohol dependence and improving quality of life among alcohol-dependent individuals in selected rural areas of Vallabhnagar, Udaipur.

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Effectiveness, Community-Based Nursing Intervention, Alcohol Dependence, Quality-Of-Life, Rural areas

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The present research article aims to investigate the relationship between female employment in agriculture and its impact on agricultural land productivity. The study examines existing literature, analyses empirical data, and explores case studies from various regions of the world by utilising longitudinal data to understand the intricate dynamics involved across cross sectional units over time period. The findings highlight the positive correlation between female employment in agriculture and enhanced productivity, suggesting the need for targeted policies and interventions to promote gender equality in the agricultural sector. The article concludes by discussing implications for sustainable agricultural development and recommendations for future research.

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Female Employment, Agricultural Productivity, Food Production, Gender Equality, Sustainable Agricultural Development

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