Volume 14 | Issue 9 |

 Abstract

ARCHAEOLOGY OF KATNI DISTRICT: A STUDY OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE

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ARCHAEOLOGY OF KATNI DISTRICT: A STUDY OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Evaluate, Effectiveness, Knowledge, Sex Education, High School Student

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Abstract Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a pivotal role in India's economic development by promoting industrialization, entrepreneurship, and employment generation across diverse regions. The present study examines the region-wise employment generated by MSMEs in India during the period from 2020-21 to 2025-26. The study aims to evaluate the quantitative contribution of MSMEs to national employment, analyse regional growth trends, and identify shifts in employment concentration across different geographical regions. The research is based entirely on secondary data collected from the Ministry of MSME through the Udyam Assist Portal. Percentage analysis and trend analysis have been employed to examine variations in employment across six geographical regions, namely Northern, Southern, Eastern, Western, North Eastern, and Central India. The findings reveal that total declared MSME employment increased remarkably from 27.32 million in 2020-21 to 82.63 million in 2024-25, demonstrating the sector's substantial contribution to employment generation. The Southern Region consistently emerged as the largest employment provider, while the Eastern and North Eastern regions recorded the fastest growth in employment share, indicating increasing regional diversification of MSME activities. In contrast, the Western Region experienced a gradual decline in its relative employment share despite maintaining high absolute employment levels. State-level analysis further highlights the dominant contribution of Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Maharashtra, West Bengal, Assam, and Madhya Pradesh within their respective regions. The statistical evidence supports both research hypotheses, confirming that MSMEs significantly contribute to employment generation and that the expansion of MSMEs has a positive influence on job creation across India. The study concludes that MSMEs remain one of the strongest drivers of inclusive economic growth and regional development. It recommends strengthening infrastructure, improving access to institutional finance, promoting digitalization, enhancing skill development, and implementing region-specific policy interventions to reduce geographical disparities in employment and ensure balanced industrial development throughout the country.

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Keywords: Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), Employment Generation, Regional Employment, Udyam Assist Portal, Regional Development, Job Creation, India.

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Bharatiya Gyan Parampara Ke Aadhar Par Ashtang Yama Ka Darshanik Vishleshan Ek Adhyayan

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Bharatiya Gyan Parampara Ke Aadhar Par Ashtang Yama Ka Darshanik Vishleshan Ek Adhyayan

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Abstract Dr Watsen Bangsia Associate Professor, Geography Department, Wangcha Rajkumar Government College, Deomali, Arunachal Pradesh The Noctes are agrarian by nature and practice shifting cultivation popularly known as Jhum. The topography of the region doesn't favour the wet cultivation except in few parts of river valley. Living amidst nature people depend on forest and forest product for their livelihood. People have been utilizing their indigenous knowledge and skills to earn their livelihood since time immemorial. Beside agriculture, traditional economic activities of Noctes are hunting, fishing, weaving, basketry, salt making, beads making, wood curving, animal husbandry, trade and commerce etc. The People of the land have a penchant for fine arts and sculpture and thus they engaged themselves to earn their livelihood by using their skills and knowledge. Noctes had good knowledge of Geometry since earlier days. Based on the knowledge of it they make different shapes and size of baskets with cane & bamboo, make clay pots, weave cloths, make ornaments with beads, curve statues from woods etc. The demand of people changes with each passing days and thus with it the means to fulfilled those demands too change.

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Livelihood, traditional knowledge, jhum, Nocte, Economic activities, transaction

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Aquatic insects play important roles in keeping freshwater ecosystems functioning properly. Just about anywhere you go on the planet; there is some kind of insect that will live in almost any place that stays wet for a week or so. Freshwater lakes are integral part of urban ecosystem and provide numerous benefits to human beings directly or indirectly. This study was aimed to study the diversity of aquatic insects of Murmadi lake near Sindewahi of Chandrapur district. The aquatic insects were collected from the lake during June 2025 to May 2026. During the study, 14 species of aquatic insect belonging to 5 orders and 14 families were found, with the highest number of aquatic insects from the order Hemiptera and Diptera, 5 each.

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Murmadi lake, Aquatic insect, Diversity

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Frustration is a common emotional response and reaction to stress, anger, and annoyance. It tends to happen when our expectations and desired goals are not fulfilled. The success of any educational system depends on the requisite qualities, professional qualities and educational qualifications of the teacher. Such a teacher is considered to be highly accepted personality among the learners. Teachers play an important role in shaping the nation and building the characters of pupil. Thus, if teachers are dissatisfied, they may become depressed and irritable and may create stress and anxiety which can have a negative impact on teaching learning process of students. The present study aims to understand the major causes of frustration among secondary school teachers, its impact on job satisfaction, and the challenges that the teachers faced in their profession through qualitative approach i.e. systematic review-based research approach. Relevant literature studies published between 2000 and 2025 was reviewed systematically from reputed databases. The reviewed studies were analyzed and synthesized thematically in order to identify common factors and trends that are associated with frustration and job satisfaction of teachers. The findings of the study revealed that administrative pressure, excessive workload, lack of institutional support, poor working conditions, classroom management difficulties, inadequate salary, and emotional stress are the major causes of frustration among secondary school teachers. The present study therefore emphasizes that the findings may help administrators, educators, and policymakers in developing strategies for improving professional well-being and effectiveness of teachers.

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Systematic review; Frustration; Job Satisfaction; Secondary School Teachers; Factors Influencing

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Swasthya Pranaliyon Ka Manaviya Paksh Rashtriya Swasthya Mission Ke Swasthya Karmachariyon Mein Karyasthaliye Kalyan Karyabhar Evam Sangathanatmak Samarthan Ka Vishleshan

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Swasthya Pranaliyon Ka Manaviya Paksh Rashtriya Swasthya Mission Ke Swasthya Karmachariyon Mein Karyasthaliye Kalyan Karyabhar Evam Sangathanatmak Samarthan Ka Vishleshan

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Abstract The Indian National Army (INA), under the leadership of Subhas Chandra Bose, occupies a distinctive and contested place in the history of India's struggle for independence. Although the INA was militarily defeated during the Second World War, its historical significance cannot be assessed solely in terms of battlefield success. This article examines the role of Subhas Chandra Bose and the INA in India's anti-colonial struggle by situating their activities within the broader context of wartime Asian politics, Indian nationalism, and the crisis of the British Empire. It argues that Bose transformed the INA from an initially fragile military formation into a politically mobilized army linked to the Provisional Government of Azad Hind and a wider transnational Indian nationalist movement in Southeast Asia. The article examines Bose's political ideology, the reorganization and expansion of the INA, its relationship with Imperial Japan, the participation of women through the Rani of Jhansi Regiment, the military campaign toward India's northeastern frontier, and the subsequent INA trials. While the INA failed to achieve its immediate military objective of liberating India, its political and psychological consequences were considerable. The INA trials generated widespread public sympathy and brought together important sections of Indian political opinion, while the loyalty of Indian soldiers to the British Empire became an increasingly important question. The article argues that the principal contribution of Bose and the INA lay not in military victory but in challenging the legitimacy of colonial rule and contributing to the wider crisis of British authority in India.

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Subhas Chandra Bose, Indian National Army, INA, Azad Hind, Indian nationalism, British Empire, Second World War, Southeast Asia, INA Trials

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Fortified Godhuma Ladduka; Medhya Rasayana; Ahara Kalpana; Brahmi; Bacopa monnieri; Mandukaparni; Centella asiatica; nutritional analysis.

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