Volume 14 | Issue 9 |

 Abstract

The above question brings into focus a number of issues. Among the most important is the emphasis that is placed on "environment", today. The term discount rate is usually applied for financial capital, but given the disaster that climate change has impacted the world, it has become necessary to place a percentage that economies need to impose to save the surroundings. This term has also been proposed for the value of degradation of the environment and it is labeled as "social discount rate". The fact that the event is happening in the future, which is the reason the term"discount", is used. The "discount rate", in financial terminology is the value of future streams of income today and has been and is used most extensively in terms of financial decision making.It indicates the value of future financial streams of earnings, and is used to assess portfolio management and suggestions by bankers, stock brokers and other financial analysts for themselves and their investors, taking the risk involved of various assets. The rate that is decided takes into account the following

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Economics Trade Finance

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Women are a crucial part of the society. When it comes to the economy, women share an imperative role globally. A person who risks his finances by establishing a business or business in the hope of profit is called an entrepreneur. There might be different conditions based on gender because the predictions might be different for women entrepreneurs.

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Women Business Management

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With increasing demand in transportation and construction sectors for efficient material handling, traditional rear-only unloading trailers prove inadequate in confined and uneven environments. This research presents the design, fabrication, and analysis of a three-axis pneumatic trailer, engineered to enable material discharge in three directions--rear, left, and right--through pneumatic actuation. The proposed design reduces unloading time, minimizes manual labor, and enhances operational flexibility. The system integrates pneumatic cylinders, directional valves, and a user-operated control unit to enable multi-directional tilting. Structural integrity was validated using Finite Element Analysis (FEA), confirming the design's reliability under varied load conditions. The results suggest significant improvements in unloading efficiency and mechanical stability, making this trailer a viable solution for dynamic industrial and agricultural applications.

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Three-axis trailer, pneumatic system, multi-directional unloading, structural analysis, material handling.

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Parenting styles, Authoritative parenting, Authoritarian parenting, Permissive parenting, Behavioural development, School age children

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Cooperative institutions have historically served as instruments of collective bargaining and social equity for artisans working outside the formal economy. This study examines the operational dynamics, financial health, and socio-economic contribution of the Nalbari District Central Handloom Weavers Co-operative Society Limited, a women-dominated handloom cooperative in the Nalbari district of Assam, India, over the five-year period 2019-20 to 2023-24. Using a case study approach combining secondary financial records with the theoretical literature on rural cooperative enterprise, the study evaluates how the Society has organized dispersed home-based women weavers into a structured, income-generating collective, and identifies the operational bottlenecks that constrain its further growth. The findings indicate that the Society sustained continuous profitability throughout the study period net profit rose from INR52,840 in 2019-20 to INR6, 23,500 in 2023-24 despite a 35.4 per cent contraction in sales during the COVID-19 pandemic, reflecting a resilient, asset-backed balance sheet anchored by owned land, a permanent building, and steady rental income. However, sales turnover plateaued at an identical INR1,50,00,000 in both FY 2022-23 and FY 2023-24, signalling market saturation in traditional offline retail channels. The study further identifies a deep-rooted socio-cultural constraint the persistence of weaving as a "subsistence hobby" rather than a professional career as the principal barrier to standardized quality, disciplined production timelines, and independent financial identity among women weavers. The paper concludes with a three-pillar strategic framework for the Society's future development: (i) weaver professionalization through structured incentives and design training, (ii) leveraging Geographical Indication (GI) tagged heritage products such as Assam Gamosa and Muga Silk for premium market positioning, and (iii) digital transformation through enrolment on national e-commerce and government procurement platforms such as ONDC, Amazon Karigar, and GeM. The study contributes to the limited empirical literature on the financial performance of grassroots handloom cooperatives in North-East India and offers a replicable model for women-centred rural enterprise development.

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Handloom cooperatives; Women's empowerment; Assam; Rural livelihoods; Cooperative societies; Geographical Indication (GI); Digital transformation; Atmanirbhar Bharat

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Ramakrishna Paramhans Ki Adhyatmik Chetna Aur Vartaman Vaishvik Paridrishya: Sarvadharm Samabhav, Vyavaharik Vedant Evam Vaishvik Shanti Ka Darshanik Anushilan

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Ramakrishna Paramhans Ki Adhyatmik Chetna Aur Vartaman Vaishvik Paridrishya: Sarvadharm Samabhav, Vyavaharik Vedant Evam Vaishvik Shanti Ka Darshanik Anushilan

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The Dharma Teachings given by the 14th Dalai Lama in Dharamshala are more than just opportunities to receive Buddhist guidance; This ethnographic analysis explores the teachings as a cultural rite in the Tibetan refugee population and its function in preserving Buddhism and cultural identity in exile. The research was conducted in 2024-2026. Research methods involved participant observation, detailed observation and extensive interviewing of eleven key informants, and constant monitoring of two other community members. The research shows that the teachings affect the everyday lives before, during and after the event, through collective participation, sacred places, intergenerational transmission and collective memories of refugees. They act as a social convention that impacts both participants and nonparticipants, simultaneously offering a setting for the reproduction of language, culture, memory, religious principles, and Tibetan national awareness. The investigation presents the conceptual paradigm "Dalai Lama's Teaching as a Core Ritual," highlighting how these four interwoven dimensions support the sustenance of Tibetan cultural identity in exile.

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Dharma Teachings of the 14th Dalai Lama; Tibetan Refugee Community; Cultural Identity; Ritual; Dharamshala

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The increasing complexity of modern-day ransomware has also revealed the pivotal shortcomings of the conventional blockchain defensive framework as proposed in our prior work, which functioned mainly as an anomaly scanner coupled with an immutable backup system. In this regard, this study introduces a sophisticated Hybrid AI & Blockchain Self-Healing Cyber Defense System by amalgamating the capabilities of deep learning forecasts with a blockchain framework reinforced by mathematical concepts. In this proposed system, the multi-modal approach for detecting ransomware has leveraged the potential of LSTM-based behavioral analysis, CNN-based entropy analysis, as well as network anomaly forecasting by the power of the Transformer model, which ensures the premeditated identification of Zero-Day variants of the ransomware. The proposed system has a robust mathematical framework encompassing the growth of entropy, the prediction of Markov state transitions, the complexity of Merkle mutants, as well as the analysis of consensus delay.The smart contracts are verified using TLA+ and symbolic execution, ensuring that there are zero loopholes when it comes to isolation and recovery tasks that are automated. In large-scale simulations performed with over 100 nodes, there are improved levels of detection with 98.7% accuracy, as well as improved mitigation latency and resistance to attack as opposed to the previous design, which featured blockchain technology only. The previous design is outperformed in terms of capabilities and accuracy by the current work, which combines the strengths of predictive analytics, self-healing, and integrity assurance.

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Ransomware Detection, Hybrid AI and Blockchain, Self-Healing ,Cyber Defense, Deep Learning Zero-Day Attack Prediction

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BACKGROUND: Body Mass Index (BMI) has been one of the easiest ways to determine the transition of a person from normal weight to obesity. Obesity is also associated with high morbidity, including diseases like hypertension, diabetes, infertility, dyslipidemia, depression, and ischemic heart diseases. Aerobic fitness benefits many parts of the body, including the heart, lungs, muscles, bones, blood, the immune system, and the nervous system. The purpose of this study is to determine the association between BMI and aerobic fitness among housewives.

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Physical fitness, BMI, obesity, cardio respiratory illness, aerobic fitness, overweight.

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The increasing sophistication and volume of cyber-attacks pose significant challenges to traditional signature-based security mechanisms. To address these limitations, this paper presents an AI-based cyber security approach that utilizes machine learning techniques for intelligent threat detection. The proposed framework analyzes network traffic and system behavior to identify both known and unknown cyber threats through anomaly and pattern recognition. Supervised and unsupervised learning models are employed to enhance detection accuracy while minimizing false positive rates. Relevant features are extracted from network packets and system logs to train the models effectively. Experimental evaluation conducted on benchmark intrusion detection datasets demonstrates that the proposed system achieves improved performance in terms of detection accuracy, precision, and recall when compared to conventional intrusion detection systems. The results indicate that machine learning-driven security solutions can provide adaptive and scalable defense mechanisms capable of responding to evolving cyber threats in real time. This study emphasizes the potential of integrating artificial intelligence into cyber security infrastructures to develop proactive and resilient threat detection systems.

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 Keywords

Cyber security , Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Intrusion Detection System, Intelligent Threat Detection, Anomaly Detection, Network Security.

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