Volume 12 | Issue 9 |

 Abstract

The making of the Constitution brought the women legal equality. Though the constitutional provisions allowed the women to leave the relative calm of the domestic sphere to enter the male-dominated political sphere, the involvement of women in politics has been low key. This article enumerates the factors which have resulted in a wide chasm between the dejure and defacto' status of political participation of women in India. Political participation is a complex phenomenon, which can be comprehended by analyzing several factors. With a purpose of studying this complex situation the article has classified the factors into three categories psychological variable, socio-economic variable and political variable. It concludes that the participation of women is essential as a demand of simple justice as well as a necessary condition for human existence. This can be achieved not just by increasing the numbers but by ensuring that women leaders perceive the problems and effectively resolve the issues. The acceptance of their own equality and confidence in their ability will go a long way in altering the political scenario.

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Political Participation, Gender, Indian Politics

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Katigraha, correlating with Lumbar Spondylosis in Ayurveda, is a significant clinical, social, economic, and public health issue worldwide. Lumbar Spondylosis, prevalent among middle-aged and elderly populations, affects both genders equally[ Dragan Sekuli?. Effect of shock vibrations due to speed control humps to the health of city bus drivers. Scientific Research and Essays. 2012 Feb 9;7(5).] . Lower back pain is prevalent in 60% to 70% of individuals in industrialized countries[ Luk KDK, Samartzis D. Intervertebral disc "dysgeneration." The Spine Journal. 2015 Sep;15(9):1915-8.] . In Ayurveda, the treatment of Katigraha focuses on the principle of creating Anuloman (proper movement) in the Pakwashaya (colon), with special importance given to Apana Vata Anuloman Chikitsa[ Sharma Acharya Priya Vrat, Sukla Acharya Vidhyadhar and Tripathi Prof.Ravidatt, Charak Samhita Hindi Commentry, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratisthan Delhi,2013. E-ChikitSthan, Adhyay 28 , Shlok90 .Page no. 690] .This case study involves a 45-year-old female patient who presented with low back pain radiating to the left lower limb, stiffness in the hip region, restricted movement of lower limbs, and difficulty walking for the past two years. The patient was administered Trayodashang Guggul, Rasnasapthakam Kwath, and Basti Panchakarma Chikitsa[ Sharma Acharya Priya Vrat, Sukla Acharya Vidhyadhar and Tripathi Prof.Ravidatt, Charak Samhita Hindi Commentry, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratisthan Delhi,2013. E-SiddhiSthan, Adhyay 2 , Shlok16 .Page no. 876], which provided marked relief in pain and stiffness. The management of Katigraha with these Ayurvedic interventions was effective. While both Katigraha and Lumbar Spondylosis involve lower back pain and stiffness, their underlying causes, pathophysiology, and treatment approaches differ significantly. Katigraha is viewed through the lens of Dosha imbalances in Ayurveda, focusing on holistic and natural therapies, whereas Lumbar Spondylosis is treated as a degenerative disease in modern medicine, often requiring pharmacological and surgical interventions. Both approaches emphasize lifestyle modifications and physical therapies for effective management and relief. This is a single case study of a 45-year-old female patient who presented to the OPD of Kayachikitsa Department in Bhagawan Mahaveer Jain Ayurvedic Medical College, Hospital Ayurveda with complaints of pain in the low back region radiating to the left lower limb, stiffness in the hip region, restricted movement of lower limbs, and difficulty in walking for the past two years (not continuous). The patient was administered Trayodashang guggul, Rasnasapthakam Kwath, and Basti Panchakarma Chikitsa. The treatment provided marked relief in pain, and stiffness. Based on this case study, it can be concluded that the management of Katigraha with Trayodashang guggul, Rasnasapthakam Kwath along with Panchakarma - Basti Chikitsa was effective.

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Katigraha, Lumbar Spondylosis, Trayodashang guggul, Rasnasapthakam Kwath, Panchakarma, Basti chikitsa.

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This study has been undertaken to investigate the prospects and future scope of smart horticulture. As the world population grows, smart sustainable agriculture practices are a necessity to accommodate growing global food demands. Dijk et al. (2021) predict that between 2010 and 2050, the global food demand will increase by about one-third to nearly three-fifths--from -91% up to +8% of hunger risk--and so on. The traditional horticulture also confronts lots of devastating challenges like desertification, climate change, and environmental pollution which significantly reduces the productivity and food security as well. These challenges require the implementation of smart agriculture technologies such as precision farming, data analytics, IoT (Internet of Things), AI and robotics. Various interventions have been implemented to facilitate resource management, automate agricultural practices and enhance crop health and yield while reducing environmental footprint. Horticulture can be optimized by using technologies like computer vision, nanotechnology, biosensors and protected cultivation to advance the primary processes & bio-processes in horticultural science.

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smart agriculture technologies, data analytics, internet of things, AI and robotics, biosensors

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The food processing Industry (FPI)of India is often referred to as 'the sunrise sector' due to its huge potential for growth and development taking into account the favourable climatic conditions for food production and the ever-increasing demand for processed food products. During 2018-19, this sector contributed about 1.62% of Gross Value Added (GVA) to the total Gross Value added in the economy. And has a share of 14.28% in the total employment generated by different sectors of the nation. The food processing Industries of India are mainly export oriented, hence, this paper endeavors to study the performance of exports of the processed food sector. Secondary sources of information like annual reports of different ministries and organizations have been to carry out the study. Total value of export of FPI starting from 2010-11 to 2019-20 are analyzed and it is found that the annual growth rates for the years 2018-19 & 2019-20 declined significantly, however, the Compounded Annual growth rate (CAGR)calculated on the basis of 2010- 11 data, is growing at a rate of 5%. Of the different segments of processed food, products like dairy, processed meat, jaggery & confectionary, cucumber & gherkins, miscellaneous products and milled products are growing at CAGR of 10%, 24%, 13%,12%, 20% and 14% respectively. And poultry products, gaur gum and mango pulp showed negative growth rate. Also, the share of India in global food export is found to be just 2.27%. Therefore, emphasis must be given on tapping global markets by reducing food wastage, investing in logistic chains and cold chains, research and development, upgrading the safety of products and complying with international standards of quality, and achieving competitive advantage for processed food products of India.

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Export performance, food processing industry, processed foods

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Several studies have been conducted in the context of the issue of child vaccination but there is hardly any study which focused on the trend and variation in child vaccination in the context of Assam. This paper is an attempt to investigate the trend in child vaccination and analyzing the variation in the same across the crucial socio-geographic factors like residential status, religion and mother's educational attainment in Assam. The targeted children are in the age group of 12 to 23 months. Based on the data collected from the National Family and Health Survey (NFHS) reports, it has been found that, the child vaccination trend is on hike in recent times but the overall vaccination trend and coverage is not at all satisfactory. Significant variation in child vaccination has been found in the context of the selected socio-geographic factors mentioned.

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Universal Immunization Programme, Child Vaccination, Mother's Educational Attainment, Residential Variation

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A plant bio stimulant is something you put on plants to help them use nutrients better, handle tough conditions like extreme weather, and improve the overall quality of the crop. It doesn't matter if it has nutrients or not. Plant bio stimulants can also refer to products you buy that have a mix of these helpful substances or microorganisms. Sustainable techniques for growing plants such as fruits and vegetables have been the subject of extensive research throughout the last 10 years. Extreme weather, climate change, pests, and viruses that can damage crops are all major concerns for scientists. Bio stimulants are emerging as effective instruments in contemporary horticulture, presenting sustainable avenues to elevate crop yield and fortitude. This article describes an in-depth exploration of the possibilities that bio stimulants hold within the realm of horticulture. Chitosan-derived materials showcase a range of intriguing characteristics, rendering them suitable for diverse applications, such as horticulture, where they serve as bio stimulants. Brown seaweeds are marine microalgae, as are their green and red counterparts. Their extracts are widely used in horticulture to promote crop resistance against environmental stresses such as drought, salt, high temperatures, and nutrient deficiency.

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plant bio stimulant, chitosan materials, brown seaweeds, horticulture, crop resistance

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A key factor in the economic shift towards a sustainable development paradigm is green entrepreneurship. The use of green entrepreneurship and its influence on economic growth are explained in this paper. New avenues for sustainable economic growth have been made possible by the adoption of environmentally friendly corporate practices, such as waste management, renewable energy, and eco-friendly product development. Green entrepreneurship has promoted innovation, increased resource efficiency, and produced new jobs, all of which have increased a company's competitiveness in the global marketplace. Support from government policy, in the form of favourable rules and tax breaks, has expedited the adoption of green corporate practices. Consumer preference for sustainable goods and services is another indicator of the beneficial impact of green entrepreneurship. In sustainable industries like green technology and renewable energy, this opens up new markets and spurs economic growth. This study also emphasises the significance of collaboration and partnerships among non-profit, public, and business sectors. Through this partnership, supply chains become more effective and new, sustainability-focused industries are developed more quickly. Green entrepreneurship has demonstrated that taking environmental risks into account and creating enterprises that are climate change resilient can have a positive impact on long-term economic growth.

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Sustainable Development, Economic Growth, Green Entrepreneurship, Sustainable Goods, Economic Growth

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This study investigates students' awareness and perceptions of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies within the context of higher education. As AI increasingly permeates various aspects of academia, understanding students' familiarity with and attitudes towards these technologies is crucial for informing educational strategies and policy. Using a mixed-methods approach, this research collects quantitative data through surveys and qualitative insights via interviews to explore how students perceive the impact of AI on their learning experiences, academic performance, and future career prospects. Preliminary findings suggest varying levels of awareness and differing attitudes based on factors such as field of study, year of study, and prior exposure to AI technologies. The results highlight both the potential benefits of AI in enhancing educational outcomes and the concerns students have regarding ethical implications and the future job market. This study aims to provide valueble insights for educators, policymakers, and technology developers to better align AI implementation with students' needs and expectations, fostering a more informed and supportive learning environment.

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Artificial Intelligence (AI), Higher Education, AI Applications, Ethical Implications of AI, Personalized Learning

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The current study aims to investigate the fauna in the campus area of PVP Mahavidyalaya Kavathe Mahankal which is situated in Sangli district of Maharashtra state. To evaluate the status of the faunal diversity of campus area survey was conducted. The campus supports a rich diversity of plants have significant biodiversity of invertebrates and vertebrates. A scientific study was carried out during last 7 years by regular study from years September 2017 to August 2023. Campus area shows good number of spider diversity during the month of September to December. This is because of availability of food and breeding ground. The grasses are favorable for spiders family Oxyopidae and philodromidae. During study we recorded three invertebrate classes , like Insecta, Arachnida and Chilopoda and julida (diplopoda), whereas various kinds of vertebrate animals classes Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammals. Some animals were common in occurrence while others were noticed only when keen field observations were made. Our effort resulted in the documentation of 60 spiders (Arachnida: Araneae -19 families), 97 insects (52 families), 01 pisces (01 family), 02 amphibians (04 families), 12 reptiles (07 families), 61 birds (36 families) and 07 mammals (06 families) species.

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Mahvidyalaya campus, Fauna, Diversity, Invertebrates, Vertebrates.

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