Volume 12 | Issue 9 |

 Abstract

Cryopreservation has become a cornerstone of modern reproductive biology, particularly in the field of bovine embryology. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the advancements in cryopreservation techniques, with a focus on the principles, challenges, and emerging trends in the preservation of bovine embryos. The historical evolution of cryopreservation, from early methods fraught with challenges such as ice crystal formation and cellular damage, to the development of advanced vitrification protocols, is thoroughly examined. Vitrification, a rapid freezing technique, has emerged as a superior method over traditional slow freezing, significantly improving post-thaw survival rates by preventing ice formation and reducing cryoprotectant toxicity. The review also explores the critical role of cryoprotectants, detailing their types, toxicity, and strategies for optimization to enhance embryo viability. Furthermore, the article discusses the comparative efficacy of cryopreservation protocols for in vitro-derived and in vivo-derived embryos, highlighting the need for tailored approaches. Emerging technologies, including nanotechnology, microfluidic devices, and the integration of genomic and proteomic analyses, are presented as promising avenues for further enhancing cryopreservation outcomes. The application of cryopreserved embryos in breeding programs, commercial livestock production, and genetic conservation efforts is also addressed, underscoring the significance of cryopreservation in advancing assisted reproductive technologies (ART). As the field continues to evolve, interdisciplinary research and collaboration are emphasized as essential for driving innovation and optimizing cryopreservation protocols, ensuring the sustainability of livestock populations and the continued success of ART.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Cryopreservation, Vitrification, Assisted reproductive technologies (ART), Cryoprotectants

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Background: The origin of episiotomy is difficult to determine, but one of the first to describe it was a midwife, Sir Fielding Ould. In 1742, in his Treatise of Midwifery in Three Parts, he recommended the procedure for those cases in which the external vaginal opening is so tight that labor is dangerously prolonged. The first report of the procedure in the United States was 110 years later in a journal entitled.1 Objectives: 1. To assess the effectiveness of betadine wash on episiotomy wound healing among postnatal mothers. 2. To assess the effectiveness of normal saline wash on episiotomy wound healing among postnatal mothers. 3. To compare the effectiveness of betadine wash versus normal saline wash on episiotomy wound healing among postnatal mother. 4. To find out the association between level of episiotomy wound healing with selected demographic variables. Methodology: The True experimental Pre-test Post test design used for the study. It was conducted on 60 Postnatal Mother by using probability simple Random sampling technique. Results: The result revealed that the comparison of post intervention episiotomy wound healing scores of postnatal mothers in Betadine Wash versus Normal Saline Wash. Mean, standard deviation and mean difference values are compared and student's unpaired 't' test is applied at 5% level of significance. The tabulated value for n=30+30-2 i.e. 58 degrees of freedom was 2.00. The calculated 't' value i.e. 25.99 are much higher than the tabulated value at 5% level of significance for overall episiotomy wound healing score (REDDA scale) of postnatal mothers which is statistically acceptable level of significance. So betadine wash is moderately effective and normal saline wash was mild effective on episiotomy wound healing. Conclusion: it is statistically interpretation Analysis revels that there is association of episiotomy wound healing with Age (in year), Occupation and Area of residence while none of the other demographic variables were associated with episiotomy healing score. And Betadine Wash versus Normal Saline Wash on episiotomy wound healing among postnatal mothers of selected hospitals was effective. Thus the H1 is accepted.

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 Keywords

Effectiveness ", "Postnatal Mothers", " Episiotomy", " Betadine wash", "Normal saline wash",

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Brewery industries in India cover a range of production processes due to their wide variety of beverages, which leads to the generation of effluents with different physicochemical characteristics. Furthermore, these leftovers have a great deal of potential for the production of biogas and bioenergy, but it is often disposed of untreated. Anaerobic digestion can be implemented to treat brewing effluent, promote its energy recovery, reduce environmental pollution, and produce environmentally friendly biological products: biogas and biofertilizer. Thus, this review explored the potential of AD for brewery waste management. The aim of experiment was to find how well anaerobic digesters treated wastewater from the brewery industry and produced methane additionally removing total solids & BOD from the system. When organic material is biologically broken down by bacteria in an anaerobic environment, biogas is produced. Following feeding of effluent that had pH of 7 to 8, a digesting facility was set up in a lab and used until the twelfth week. The system included of 1 digester, 10 liters of cow manure slurry, and the addition and removal of 1000 mL of waste product from the beer industry. The T.S., V.S., F.S., B.O.D., C.O.D., SO4, NO3 removal efficiency results from this system are 62.50%, 51.34%, 53.00%, 59.85%, 56.1%, 50.45%, and 53.19%.21.56 milliliters of biogas is generated once all solids have been removed, and 69.25 milliliters are generated from the elimination of all B.O.D.

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 Keywords

Total solids, BOD, anaerobic digester, wastewater, and biogas

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Conflicts among Naga factional groups arise mainly because of their contradiction or clashing interests over some reasons specifically for their self-interests and different perceptions of bringing a solution to the Naga political movement. There had been many bloodsheds and violent clashes and conflicts among Naga factional groups over the years and these factional killings and conflicts had brought disunity and distrust among them which had also led to the rise of factionalism today in the Naga society. Unless the conflicts are resolved or for that matter unless peace is promoted and prevailed among them, there will be a continuous rise of factionalism. There are many innovative ways to promote peace among the conflicting parties but one of the most important ways of promoting peace is reconciliation. However, to work towards reconciliation among the conflicting parties, they would have to forgive each other based on their past violent clashes and conflicts. Therefore, both 'forgiveness' and 'reconciliation', which form the two interrelated variables in the study are important factors in innovating and promoting peace among the conflicting parties or for that matter even between two conflicting individuals. In the context of the Naga conflict, the requirement for political forgiveness is the need of the hour.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Conflicts, Forgiveness, Reconciliation, Peace

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The widespread usage of motorized transportation has improved our everyday comfort and convenience, particularly in the growing urban surroundings. However, the greater reliance on automobiles have also resulted in many environmental problems, significantly raising pollution and blurring the metropolitan landscape. Motorization has an impact on human health, the environment as a whole, and the balance of nature. It is essential to switch to sustainable forms of transportation to handle this growing problem. One of the sustainable solutions for this is shifting towards non-motorized transport (NMT). But nowadays the willingness to shift towards NMT is depriving. The key step in achieving the goal is to find a creative solution to promote NMT transit. In this study, we focus on the idea of introducing piezoelectric pathways at Infopark, Kochi (from Infopark phase 1 main gate to phase 2) and to analyze the willingness of commuters to shift to piezoelectric pathways. From an extensive literature review, a self- descriptive questionnaire was created, which included socio-demographic characteristics, trip characteristics, and questions about people's attitudes and behaviours. The goal is to explore the behavioural factors that play a crucial role in influencing mode shift. Through our research, we aim to develop a mode shift model and devise policy strategies that encourage the people to adopt Non-Motorized Transportation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Non-motorized transit, Piezoelectric power generation, Mode shift, policy- making

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study was conducted to determine sensory evaluation of the dry moringa chutney powder. Protein, fat and minerals are important in our diet. Moringa leaf powder is a nutrient-dense superfood that offers a wide range of health benefits. Packed with vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, it can be a valuable addition to your diet. The high levels of antioxidants in moringa leaf powder help strengthen the immune system and protect against oxidative stress, reducing the risk of chronic diseases. The studies suggest that moringa leaf powder has anti-inflammatory properties, which can help alleviate symptoms of inflammation related conditions like arthritis. Moringa powder can be consumed in many ways; they can cook with rice and mix it into smoothies, sprinkle it on salads or soups, or even add it to your favourite recipes. Moringa leaf powder contains fiber that aids in digestion and promotes a healthy gut. It may also have antimicrobial properties that can help fight against harmful bacteria in the digestive system. moringa leaf powder is a versatile and nutrient-packed superfood that offers numerous health benefits. Incorporating it into your diet can support overall well-being and promote a healthy lifestyle.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Moringa, Moringa powder, Moringa chutney powder, Sensory evaluation, Hedonic scale

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Today the entire world around us is transforming into a digital stage. Everything beginning from grocery to vegetable vendors to jewellers are now turning their traditional businesses on the digital platforms. Nowadays, digital marketing has greater scope to grow businesses in the future as customers are much happier with online purchases as they find digital marketing much safer than traditional marketing. Digital marketing has a significant impact on customer purchasing behaviour and choices. Even the purchase decisions of consumers like goods to be purchased or the quantity to be bought can be affected by this means of marketing. Digital channels like websites, blogs, and social media are now extremely crucial for growing a company's revenues and strengthening consumer and business relationships. This research study aims to analyse the impact of digital marketing on consumer purchasing and decision-making behaviour. It also studies the positive and negative impacts of digital marketing as means of communication by the firms and how it has transformed the business world around us. Additionally, this paper also includes a questionnaire-based survey and data analysis from secondary sources to measure the impact of digital marketing.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Digital marketing, impact of covid 19 ,review on literature , benefits , data analysis and interpretation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The rise of urban redevelopment and redensification projects with higher far, has impacted the population of such areas. This drastic increase has led to huge reduction in urban open area per person as per Urdpfi guidelines. The study addresses this issue.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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High density housing, urban open spaces

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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--This paper presents a machine learning system for American Sign Language (ASL) recognition using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Through extensive training on a curated dataset, the system achieves accurate interpretation of ASL gestures, addressing communication barriers for individuals with hearing impairments.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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sign language, gesture recognition, cnn

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study navigates through the green banking concept and sustainable development initiatives and how they are contributing for the developing of PSBs in the current scenario. With descriptive and quantitative analysis, factors like green-banking products, initiatives for sustainable developments are identified to know the level of awareness and involvement of PSB employees have exhibited towards them and the development of the PSBs. This study aims to analyze these factors in the view of sustainable and green banking changing the banking outlook in the current times and how it may be made better. Ultimately, this is a given that Green banking sustainable development initiatives will be the face of mainstream banking in India.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Green-banking, Sustainability, Sustainable developments, Green Banking Initiatives, PSBs

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition