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Socio-Economic Transitions of the Besta Community: A Sociological Analysis
Authors
Dr. Chandrashekar Vasanna
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Keywords
Besta Community, Socio-economic Transition, Occupational Displacement, Marginalization, Women's Empowerment, Social Stratification, Traditional Livelihoods.
Abstract
This empirical study investigates the socio-economic, cultural, and educational transitions of the marginalized Besta community in Kampli, Karnataka. Historically a semi-nomadic, river-dependent tribal group engaged in inland fishing and boating, the Bestas are currently facing severe occupational displacement due to modernization, commercialization of water bodies, and shifting ecological constraints. Utilizing a descriptive research design with simple random sampling of 30 respondents, primary data was collected via structured interviews to analyze their contemporary realities. The findings reveal a profound structural shift: the loss of traditional livelihoods has forced the community into unorganized agricultural and daily wage labor, triggering economic vulnerability, distress migration, and the fragmentation of traditional joint families into nuclear units. Despite these systemic challenges, the community demonstrates remarkable resilience. A positive paradigm shift is evident in their growing commitment to formal education and the increasing socio-economic empowerment of women, facilitated by active participation in Self-Help Groups (SHGs). Furthermore, the community successfully preserves its indigenous cultural rituals. The structural transition of the Bestas from an autonomous tribal entity to a marginalized caste highlights the complex dynamics of social stratification in rural economies. Moreover, their profound political underrepresentation exacerbates their exclusion from mainstream developmental narratives, leaving them caught between their indigenous knowledge systems and the demands of a capitalist labor market. Ultimately, this micro-level analysis of Kampli serves as a sociological mirror reflecting the macro-level vulnerabilities of water-dependent artisanal communities across a rapidly globalizing India. The study concludes that while the Bestas are gradually assimilating into the modern economy, targeted state interventions--specifically vocational training, proportional reservation, and enhanced welfare awareness--are urgently required to ensure their sustainable socio-economic integration.
IJCRT's Publication Details
Unique Identification Number - IJCRT2507915
Paper ID - 312713
Author type - Indian Author
Page Number(s) - i1-i13
Pubished in - Volume 13 | Issue 7 | July 2025
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No Of Downloads - 31
Author Country - India, -, -, -, -, Arts1 All
Publisher Name - IJPUBLICATION | www.ijcrt.org | ISSN : 2320-2882
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Dr. Chandrashekar Vasanna, "Socio-Economic Transitions of the Besta Community: A Sociological Analysis", International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT), ISSN:2320-2882, Volume.13, Issue 7, pp.i1-i13, July 2025, Available at :http://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2507915.pdf
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